• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.683-690
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• 2011

This study was carried out to determine the best mixing ratio of French dressing containing onion juice which was added at with different levels (12, 24, 36, and 48%). The mixing methods of ingredients were evaluated through sensory evaluation and viscosity and color of were measured. Instead of soy bean oil, we also studied various oils(corn oil, grape seed oil, canola oil, and olive oil) for the purpose of determining functional French dressing. The results were as follows; The results of the sensory evaluation showed that the French dressing with 36% added with 36% onion juice was the preferred most in appearance, flavor, and overall preference. Correlation coefficients between overall preference and sensory characteristics of onion added French dressing were higher in the order of taste (r=0.64), flavor (r=0.54), texture (r=0.48), appearance (r=0.41). The quality of French dressing varied greatly depending on the mixing methods of ingredients. The best method for making dressing was mixing 5 mL of oil with the other ingredients at 5 seconds intervals. The results of the sensory evaluation on French dressings with added onion juice containing soybean oil, corn oil, grape seed oil, canola oil, and olive oil, indicated that soybean oil was the most preferable. The appearance and taste of French dressing containing soybean oil were significantly the highest with regard to preference.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권19호
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• pp.8047-8050
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• 2014

Cancer is a multifaceted and genomically complex disease and research over decades has gradually and sequentially shown that essential biological mechanisms including cell cycle arrest and apoptosis are deregulated. The benefits of essential oils from different plants have started to gain appreciation as evidenced by data obtained from cancer cell lines and xenografted mice. Encouraging results obtained from preclinical studies have attracted considerable attention and various phytochemicals have entered into clinical trials.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.67-75
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• 1998

Polyoxyethylene monooleate was prepared by addition of ethylene oxide to oleic acid. And also, polyoxyethylene monooleate type oil dispersant was prepared by blending polyoxyethylene monooleate, n-paraffine, sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan monopalmitate, and palm oil. Dispersion efficiency test was carried out by vertical shaking flask and swirling flask methods. Low toxic oil dispersant was prepared with polyoxyethylene monooleate, which has high biodegradability and excellent dispersion efficiency on crude oils and weathered W/O emulsions with high viscosity, and its dispersion efficiency was measured to various crude oils and weathered oils.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.21-26
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• 2008

A pin bush bearing is one of the most important element in the piston engine which is joined a piston to a connecting rod. A pin bush is suffered by heat and changeable repeat loads, which are come from the explosive gas heat and pressures during a reciprocating stroke. Therefore, a tribological behavior of pin bush bearings is very severe compared to other parts of a piston assembly. To keep a stable operation of pin bush bearings effectively, it would be satisfied with proper oil film strength for severe operating conditions and durability, which are strongly related to the oil film thickness, oil film pressure, and a friction loss power. The computed results show that the viscosity of engine oils slightly affects to the minimum oil film thickness and oil film pressure distribution, but is an influential parameter on a total friction loss power. Thus the low viscosity engine oils for an increased operation condition should select a high level of base oil and add a viscosity index improver as an oil film additive.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.160-167
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• 2018

Vegetable oils can contribute to the goal of energy independence and security owing to their naturally renewable resources. One of the representative vegetable oils is biodiesel, which is being used in domestic and European markets as a blended fuel with automotive diesel. Vegetable oils are promising candidates as base fluids to replace petroleum lubricants because of their excellent lubricity and biodegradability. We prepared biodiesel with a purity of 99.9% via the esterification of waste cooking oil. Blended biodiesel and Petro-lube base oil were mixed to produce five types of mixed lubricating oil. We analyzed the various characteristics of the blended biodiesel with Petro-lube base oil for different blending ratios. The lubricity of the vegetable lubricant improves as the content of biodiesel increases. In addition, since zinc dialkyldithiophosphates (ZnDTPs) are widely used as multifunctional additives in petroleum-based lubricants, we optimized the blending ratio for lubricity, oxidation stability, and shear stability by adding ZnDTP as a performance additive to improve the biodiesel properties, such as oxidation stability and hydrolysis. The optimized lubricants improve by approximately 25% in lubricity and by 20 times in oxidation stability and shear stability after the addition of ZnDTP.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.19-23
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• 1985

In order to know the quality changes of the fat and oil foods packed in plastics film by the sunlight, we examined the sunlight transmitting rate by the kind of films and measured the acid value and peroxide value according to it. The results obtained were as follows : 1. The sunlight transmitting rate of various films was explained especial permeability under the wavelength of less than 300nm, but it marked a regular form under that of more than 30nm. 2. The vacuum evaporation film with aluminum on the polyester shuts off most of the sunlight, therefore, it has the best effect that keeps the fats and oils off rancidity. 3. The sunlight transmitting rate of the white color printing film drops about 80% as compared with not printing. 4. The preventive power against the rancidity of fats and oils is PET/Al, PET, PE, nylon and OPP film in that order. The changes of peroxide value and acid value were approximately the same as that of the sunlight transmitting rate.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제28권7호
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• pp.770-774
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• 2005

This study investigated the stimulative or sedative effects of inhaling fragrant essential oils (EOs) by using a forced swimming test (FST) with mice. This behavioral test is commonly used to measure the effects of antidepressant drugs. The inhalation by mice of EOs, such as ginger oil (p<0.05), thyme oil (p<0.05), peppermint oil (p<0.05), and cypress oil (p<0.01) resulted in 5% to 22% reduction of immobility. The same results were achieved when over-agitation was artificially induced in the mice by an intraperitoneal injection of caffeine (a psycho-stimulant). In contrast, inhalation of some EOs by the mice resulted in increased immobility. To evaluate more correctly the sedative effects of EOs, the immobility of over-agitated mice induced with caffeine was ascertained after the inhalation of various EOs. Inhalation of lavender oil (p<0.01) and hyssop oil (p<0.01) increased the immobile state in mice that were treated with caffeine. The results of this study indicate that the inhalation of essential oils may induce stimulative or sedative effects in mice.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.245-250
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• 2015

This study investigates the lubrication characteristics of fuel injection pumps with reference to different fuel oils. Medium-speed diesel engines use fuel oils with various viscosities, such as heavy fuel oil (HFO, which is a high-viscosity fuel oil) and light diesel oil (LDO, which is a low-viscosity fuel oil). When fuel oil with a low viscosity is used, both fuel oil and lubricating oil lubricate the system. Thus, the lubrication of the fuel injection pump is in a multi-viscosity condition when the fuel oil in use changes. We suggest three cases of multi-viscosity models, and divide the fuel injection pump into three lubrication sections: a, the new oil section; b, the mixed oil section; and c, the used oil section. This study compares the lubrication characteristics with variation of the multi-viscosity model, clearance. The volume of Section b does not affect the lubrication characteristics. The lubrication characteristics of the fuel injection pump are poor when high-viscosity fuel oil transfers to low-viscosity fuel oil. This occurs because the viscosity in the new oil section (i.e., Section a) dominates the lubrication characteristics of the fuel injection pump. However, the lubricant oil supply in the used oil section (i.e., Section c) can improve the lubrication characteristics in this condition. Moreover, the clearances of the stem and head significantly influence the lubrication characteristics when the fuel oil changes.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.87-92
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• 2009

The avoidance of the allergen of the house dust mite is one of the challenges to reduce and treat the symptoms of allergic diseases. Accordingly, various acaricidal agents are being used to kill the mite, but just killing it leaves the remains of it, which still act as the allergen. Therefore expelling the mite is thought as best policy to avoid the mite allergen. For this, some materials have been applied to repellent agents against the mite. Among them, a material with natural origin, known as the phytoncide, is being used for its repellent activity, as well as for its benefits for health. In this experiment, essential oils extracted from Korean white pine (Pinus koreaiensis S. et Z.) and hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa), which are widely used as the source of phytoncide products, are studied for demonstration of the repellent effect against the house dust mites, Dermatophagoides farinae and D. pteronyssinus. Direct contact method was used to evaluate the repellent effect (%). And the results suggest the oils have a significant effect enough to be used as a source of repellent agent. For the repellent effect, the most effective concentration was $0.5{\mu}l/cm^2$ at 45 minutes both in the white pine and the hinoki oil.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.84-90
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• 2021

Viscosity of hydraulic oils decreases due to loss reduction and efficiency increase of fluid power systems. However, low viscosity is not always appropriate due to the induction of large leakage and small lubricity. Therefore, a detailed study on the optimum viscosity of hydraulic oils is necessary. In this study, based on the thermohydrodynamic lubrication theory, numerical simulation was conducted using the slipper model of swashplate-type axial piston pumps and motors. The viscosity grades' (VG) effects of oils on power losses are mainly discussed numerically in fluid film lubrication, including changes in temperature and viscosity. The simulation results reveal that the flow rate increases and the friction torque decreases as VG decreases. The film temperature and power loss were minimised for a specific oil with a VG. The minimum conditions regarding the temperature and loss were different and closed. Under various operating conditions, the film temperature and power loss were minimised, suggesting that an optimum hydraulic oil with a specific VG could be selected for given operating conditions of pressure and speed. Otherwise, a preferable operating condition must be established to determine a specific VG oil.