• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
• /
• 2011.11a
• /
• pp.159-162
• /
• 2011

The hot-firing tests of a subscale gas generator were successfully performed to investigate the effect of injector shape variation on its discharge coefficient. The test results showed that discharge coefficients of fuel and liquid oxygen injectors remained nearly constant irrespective of the mixture ratio or the chamber pressure. In all experimental conditions, the combustion instability was not observed.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.12 no.5
• /
• pp.341-348
• /
• 2003

Seasonal characteristics of water quality and effect of the freshwater discharge during open the tide embankment in Haechang Bay were evaluated. In the freshwater, where interior of the tide embankment, COD and Chl-a exceeded about 4mg/L and $10mg/m^3$, respectively, independent of season, while in the seawater they showed high values in April and July in contrast to the other period due to input of freshwater and increase of phytoplankton, respectively. The content of seawater inorganic nitrogen maintained a relatively high level at inner part of the bay, whereas high values of inorganic phosphorus content was distributed at all over the bay. The limiting factor for algal growth was nitrogen with respect to the N/P ratio. The compass of influence by the freshwater discharge in April was quite different with water pollutants. As a result of the salinity variation with time, the freshwater extended strongly to offshore from the surface layer without mixing with depth when open the tide embankment, and reached within about one hour at a station which is 3.5km from the tide embankment. To effective water quality management of Haechang Bay, discharge rate and pollutant loads should be controlled.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
• /
• 2009.11a
• /
• pp.49-53
• /
• 2009

The paper presents the results of the experimental study about flow discharge characteristics of double swirl coaxial injectors for a liquid rocket engine. Flow discharge characteristics of injectors become one of critical design issues for LRE combustion devices. Tap water and liquid oxygen/kerosene were used for ambient and hot firing tests, respectively. A combustion discharge coefficient varies depending on a mixture ratio and a recess ratio, and magnitudes of the variations are different with respect to injector shapes and operating conditions. The variation of a combustion discharge coefficient with a LOx injector is considered to result from flame structure changes due to physical property changes.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.50 no.12
• /
• pp.877-887
• /
• 2017

The energy losses due to surcharged flow at four-way combining manhole, which is mainly installed in the downstream of urban sewer system, is the main cause of inundation in urban area. Surcharged four-way combining manholes form various flow configuration such as straight through, T-type, and four-way manholes depending on variation of inflow discharge in inlet pipes. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze change of energy loss and estimate head loss coefficients at surcharged four-way combining manhole with variation of inflow discharge ratio. The hydraulic experimental apparatus which can change inflow ratios were installed to analyze the flow characteristics at four-way combining manhole. In this study, to calculate the head loss coefficient according to change of the inflow discharge ratios at the surcharged four-way combining square manhole, the discharge conditions of 40 cases which the inflow ratios of each inlet pipe were changed by 10% interval was selected. The head loss coefficient at surcharged square manhole showed the lowest value of 0.40 at the straight manhole and the highest value of 1.58 at the $90^{\circ}$ junction manhole. In the combining manholes (T-type and four-way), the head loss coefficients were calculated more higher as the lateral flow rate was biased. The contour map of head loss coefficient range was constructed by using the estimated head loss coefficients and the empirical formula of head loss coefficients was derived to consider the variation of inflow discharge ratios at the surcharged square manhole. The empirical formula could be applied to the design and assessment of the urban drainage system.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.26 no.10
• /
• pp.1135-1146
• /
• 2017

At riverbank filtration sites, groundwater levels of alluvial aquifers near rivers are sensitive to variation in river discharge and pumping quantities. In this study, the groundwater level fluctuation, pumping quantity, and streamflow rate at the site of a riverbank filtration plant, which produces drinking water, in the lower Nakdong River basin, South Korea were interrelated. The relationship between drawdown ratio and river discharge was very strong with a correlation coefficient of 0.96, showing a greater drawdown ratio in the wet season than in the dry season. Autocorrelation and cross-correlation were carried out to characterize groundwater level fluctuation. Autoregressive model analysis of groundwater water level fluctuation led to efficient estimation and prediction of pumping for riverbank filtration in relation to river discharge rates, using simple inputs of river discharge and pumping data, without the need for numerical models that require data regarding several aquifer properties and hydrologic parameters.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
• /
• 2011.04a
• /
• pp.73-76
• /
• 2011

The hot-firing tests of a subscale gas generator were successfully performed to investigate the effect of injector shape variation on discharge coefficients. The test results showed that discharge coefficients of fuel and liquid oxygen injectors remained nearly constant irrespective of variations of a mixture ratio and a chamber pressure. Especially, the discharge coefficient of the liquid oxygen injector was largely increased compared to the previous works.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
• /
• v.52 no.4
• /
• pp.19-26
• /
• 2010

To provide the basic information for the water quality management of the Sumjin River Basin, delivery ratios for flow duration were studied. Using the day-interval data set of discharge and water quality observed from the Chooryeong-cheon watershed, the flow-duration and discharge-load relation curves for the watershed were established, then the load-duration curve was constructed. Delivery ratios for flow duration were also developed. Delivery ratios showed wide variation according to flow conditions. In general, delivery ratio of high flow condition showed higher value reflecting nonpoint source pollution contribution from the forest dominating watershed. To resolve this problem, a regression model explaining the relation between flow rate and delivery ratio was suggested. The delivery ratios for different flow regime could be used for pollutant load estimation and TMDL (Total maximum daily load) development.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.53 no.8
• /
• pp.617-626
• /
• 2020

This study investigates changes of bifurcation discharge ratio, flow velocity distributions and characteristics of separation zone due to variation of bifurcation angle by using TELEMAC-2D model. When the bifurcation angle is reduced from 90° to 45° without changing the boundary conditions, the bifurcation discharge ratio increased by 1.5 times from 0.523 to 0.785 because of increasing the radius of curvatures, the inertia force of the downstream flow, and the pressure gradient by the downstream boundary conditions. The bifurcation discharge ratio increases non-linearly whenever the bifurcation angle decreases by 15° intervals from 90° to 45° in flow with the upstream Froude number of 0.45 to 0.74. In flow with a maximum Froude number of 0.74, the rate of increase for bifurcation discharge ratio is 31.1% and the minimum value. When the Froude number is 0.58, the bifurcation discharge ratio is 0.7 or less, and the maximum rate of increase for that ratio is 53.5%. As the upstream Froude number decreases less than 0.58, the bifurcation discharge ratio exceeds 0.7, and the rate of increase decreases. When the upstream Froude number is 0.4 higher, the dimensionless width and length changing ratio of the separation zone are about 2.56 and 5.5 times higher than in 0.4 or less.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.48 no.8
• /
• pp.625-634
• /
• 2015

The diverse patterns of separation zone according to the marked bed discordance by dredging at confluence in addition to the confluence angle of tributary and discharge ratio between tributary and main channels have been analyzed by CCHE2D model simulation. The separation zone is defined by inside of zero velocity boundary at down-stream of confluence. The separation zone dose not formed at the $30^{\circ}$ of confluence angle of tributary. The size of separation zone increases as the discharge ratio and confluence angle increase in general. The separation zone decreases as the dredging depth increases which shows the relative momentum reduction compared by the flow volume increasing by dredging at confluence. The contraction factor with the variation of confluence angle and discharge ratio has been investigated and confirmed the corresponding conveyance decreasing results in backwater effect. The regression equation of shape factor with confluence angle and discharge and dredging depth ratios has been suggested.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.5-13
• /
• 2015

In this study, the lateral overflow discharge coefficients for the curvatures of side weir on meandering channel were analyzed. The side weir installed in accordance with the variation of the radius of curvature of the central angle bends with $180^{\circ}$. FLOW-3D model is applied to calculate the discharge coefficients of the side-weir on meandering and straight channels and the characteristics of the discharge coefficients are analysed. In order to verify the numerical model, the results from the hydraulic experiment conducted by the former research are compared with the results simulated by FLOW-3D in the same conditions. The discharge coefficients are calculated for the ratio between curvature ($R_c$) and channel width (b), and the ratio between over flow discharge of the straight channel ($Q_{wc}$) and the meandering channel ($Q_{wc}$) are compared. As the result, the discharge coefficients depend on the weir depth on upstream, and the radius of curvature, so that the discharge coefficients of side weir on the meandering channel can be estimated by them on the straight channel.