• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.26-35
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of awareness of good death and end-of-life care attitudes on end-of-life care performance in long-term care hospital nurses. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional study design. The participants were 147 nurses working at six long-term care hospitals with more than 200 beds in B city, South Korea. Data were collected using self-reported questionnaires, and analyzed with descriptive statistics, the t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple stepwise regression analysis using IBM/SPSS 26.0 for Windows. Results: The participants' awareness of good death, end-of-life care attitudes, and end-of-life care performance were positively correlated. The factors affecting end-of-life care performance were age, education level, awareness of good death, and end-of-life care attitudes; these variables explained 19.0% of end-of-life care performance. Conclusion: In order to improve long term care hospital nurses' end-of-life care performance, continuing education and training should be provided regarding awareness of good death and end-of-life care attitudes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.496-504
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was (1) to identify the experimental bias which could appear person perception as results of presentation methods (2) to find out the most desirable method in presentation of stimulus. The research was a quasi experiment and the subjects were 773 male and female undergraduate students. The experimental instruments consisted of a set of stimulus and semantic differential scales of 7- point hi-polar adjectives. The collected data were analyzed by Factor Analysis, ANOVA(analysis of variance), Scheffe＇s multiple range test. The independent variables were presentation orders and presentation time of stimulus. The results were as follows: First, five factors which were potency, sociality, appearance, evaluation, activity impression dimensions emerged to account for the methods of development of stimulus. Second, the presentation order of stimulus in the combination of four stimuli sets had significant effects on the 3 impressional factors(sociality, appearance, evaluation). The presentation order of stimuli in the combination of eight stimuli set had significant effects on the 3 impressional factors(potency, sociality, appearance) and the presentation order of stimuli in the combination of eight stimuli set showed a significant effect on memorization of stimulus and the results support the recency effect. Third, the presentation time of stimuli had significant effects on the 2 impressional factors(potency, activity). 30 seconds presentation as well as free duration time resulted less experimental bias than 3 seconds presentation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.282-297
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• 1996

The effective construction for ready-made clothes is one of the central concerns of both consumers and manufactuers in today's apparel industry. In order to reduce the burden of stocks and increase clothing fitness, systematic information on typical body sizes and somatotypes is essential. The purpose of this study i-: to provide basic data on young women's somatotypes for form designers and pattern makers. The subjects of the survey were 310 women of 18 to 26 years old. The study collected 84 anthropometric data for each Person. The data was analyzed by using of the multivariate method. The factor analysis was utilized in regard to the 65 items obtained from anthropometric measurement respectively. The principal component analysis was applied to the data with orthogonal rotation after extraction. The factor scores used in the factor analysis became the basis of determining the value of each variable of the cluster analysis. The cluster analysis was applied for identifying typical somatotypes. Ward's minimum variance method was applied for the purpose of extracting distance metrix by the standardized Euclidean distance. The element forming each cluster can be subdivided into several sets by crosstabulation which is obtained by the fastclus of the SAS. This research has demonstrated 3 distinctive types of silhouette contour of the trunk. Incidentally it also identified 4 of the lower body from the waistline to thigh contour respectively. The discriminant analysis showed that the most significant discriminant factor of the trunk classification were side neck point -1 scapular -1 waistiline length and waist girth. In Korea, the average somatotype of female college students tends to be tall, slim and straight. Reviewing the relationship between the classifications of three parts of body, they are related to each other to some extent but their distribution are not constant. Therefore, in view of clothing construction, a proper separation of the body surface is a necessity.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.139-150
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the levels of end-of-life care competency; knowledge, attitudes, and experiences regarding advance directives; perceptions of good death; and end-of-life care obstacles and supportive behaviors among tertiary care nurses. Methods: The participants were 150 nurses at a tertiary hospital in Jinju, Korea. The data collected using a questionnaire were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression in SPSS for Windows version 24.0. Results: The mean (±SD) score of end-of-life care competency was 3.63 (±0.53) on a 5-point scale. A significant difference in end-of-life care competency was found according to whether nurses had experienced the death of a family member or acquaintance (P=0.029). According to stepwise multiple regression analysis, the factors affecting end-of-life care competency were the frequency of end-of-life care supportive behaviors (β=0.38, P<0.001), experience with advance directives (β=0.29, P<0.001), and marriage (β=0.15, P=0.039). This model had an explanatory power of 27.9% (F=18.87, P<0.001). Conclusion: In order to improve nurses' end-of-life care competency, it is important to strengthen end-of-life care supportive behaviors by exposing nurses to those behaviors and providing frequent experience with advance directives.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.211-218
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• 2007

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and adequacy of research papers reporting statistical testings for mean differences. Methods: Original research articles utilized t-test, Chi-square test, and ANOVA were reviewed from Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing published from the year 2004 to 2006. Seventy-six papers were evaluated in accordance with formatted criteria in respect to an inclusiveness of research title, accuracy of statistical methods and presentation styles, and errors in reporting statistical outcomes. Results: Research titles were quite comprehensive, however overall accuracy of statistical values and basic formats reached only 60 to 80% by items. Details of the presentation in the reporting of outcomes were not complied with the guidelines, which need careful concerns of the writers. Errors of English in table presentation were found in more than 30% of the papers. Conclusion: The outcome would be reflected in the submission guidelines for future writers. To reach the level comparable with internationally recognized nursing journals, concrete knowledge to apply statistical methods should be ensured in the processes of submission, reviews, and editing.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.813-821
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop an instrument measuring awareness of osteoporosis. Methods: The process included construction of a conceptual framework, generation of 86 preliminary items, verification of content validity, selection of secondary items, verification of construct validity and extraction of final items. The 86 items were reviewed for content validity by two groups of experts and were tested to evaluate inter item correlation coefficient by two groups of adult women. From June to August 2007, data were collected from 383 adult women who lived in Seoul and provinces in Korea. Data were analyzed by performing item analysis, Varimax factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha. Results: There were 31 items in the final instrument categorized into 5 factors. The factors were labeled as "preventive behaviors (10 items)", "risk factors (5 items)", "characteristics of osteoporosis (6 items)", "improving bone health (5 items)", and "bone physiology (5 items)". Cumulative percent of variance was 60.92% and eigen values ranged from 1.20 to 12.44. Cronbach's alpha was .948 and ranged from .804 to .917. Conclusion: Validity and reliability of the scale are confirmed in this study showing its utility for measuring awareness of osteoporosis for women. Utilization of the scale will also contribute to designing an appropriate prevention program for osteoporosis.

• Advances in environmental research
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.291-308
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• 2013

In the present study, an experimental design methodology was used to optimize the adsorptive removal of Basic Yellow 13 (BY13) using Turkish coal powder. A central composite design (CCD) consisting of 31 experiments was employed to evaluate the simple and combined effects of the four independent variables, initial dye concentration (mg/L), adsorbent dosage (g/L), temperature ($^{\circ}C$) and contact time (min) on the color removal (CR) efficiency (%) and optimizing the process response. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a high coefficient of determination value ($R^2=0.947$) and satisfactory prediction of the polynomial regression model was derived. Results indicated that the CR efficiency was not significantly affected by temperature in the range of $12-60^{\circ}C$. While all other variables significantly influenced response. The highest CR (95.14%), estimated by multivariate experimental design, was found at the optimal experimental conditions of initial dye concentration 30 mg/L, adsorbent dosage 1.5 g/L, temperature $25^{\circ}C$ and contact time 10 min.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.135-141
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• 2021

Objective: To assess the effects of thermoforming on aligner thickness and gap width in six aligner systems with the same nominal thickness. Methods: Six passive upper aligners of different brands were adapted to a single printed cast. Each sample was evaluated with high-resolution micro-computed tomography. To investigate aligner thickness and gap width, two-dimensional (2D) analysis was conducted assessing the effects of the following variables: tooth type (central incisor, canine, and first molar), 2D reference points, and aligner type. Data were analyzed and compared using analysis of variance and Tukey's post-hoc tests (p < 0.05). Results: Tooth type, dental region, and aligner type affected both the gap width and aligner thickness. The aligner thickness remained moderately stable across the arch only in the F22. Conclusions: All thermoformed samples displayed smaller aligner thickness and gap width at anterior teeth and both gingival and coronal centers than at posterior teeth and occlusal surfaces.

• Journal of Smart Tourism
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.15-23
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• 2024

This study aims to present a framework involving smartness components and indicators of tourism destinations. This work had three phases. The first phase extracted the components and indicators of smartness evaluation in tourism destinations and validated them by experts' opinions. The second phase determined the effectiveness of each element of smartness using an online questionnaire tool, a survey of 320 tourism experts at the level of 12 selected urban tourism destinations, and a factor analysis method, in addition to measuring the level of their smartness. The third phase of the research analyzed the difference between the smartness of the selected urban tourism destinations using a One-Way Analysis of Variance and the Tukey Test. The results indicated six components and fifty-seven indicators. Also, a substantial difference between the smartness of urban tourism destinations was proved. This study substantially contributes to the existing body of knowledge by offering the smartness indicators within a detailed package of six components with a systemic, holistic, and integrated perspective. The results help policymakers and decision-makers evaluate and improve the smartness of tourism destinations. As a result, it is possible to achieve the goals of smartness of urban tourism destinations, including equality, livability, sustainability, and effectiveness of resource management by using different technologies, especially with the emphasis on two aspects: (1) increasing the quality of the tourism experience, and (2) improving the residents' quality of life.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.17-33
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to offer the basic data for chinese men' clothing construction. This study analyzes characterization and classification of body types of the Chinese men with body measurement values. This researcher executed the body measurement of total 39 items on 414 chinese men in Beijing and Shanghai aged 20-49 years old and analyzed the data with methods of analysis of variance, factor analysis and cluster analysis using it as the study item. The results of this study can be summarized as follows; 1. As the result of comparative analysis of the body measurements by age group and birth region group in Beijing and Shanghai, the horizontal items such as the widths, depths, and girths increased with advancing ages, while heights decreased. 2. As the result of factor analysis on the items in Beijing and Shanghai, 5 factors on such as the first factor on the obesity of body, the second factor on the size of vertical of body, the third factor on the length of upper body, the forth factor on the width of the shoulder, the fifth factor on the degree of dropping shoulder were extracted. 3. As the result of classification based on the cluster analysis in Beijing, the body type were classified into 3 types. So, to see the feature of body form by types, type 1 was tallest, fattest type. type 2 was small stature, fat. type 3 was tall, thin. In Shanghai, he body type were classified into 3 types. So, to see the feature of body form by types, type 1 was tallest, fattest type. type 2 was small stature. type 3 was tall, thin.