• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.40-50
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• 2012

This study aims at suggesting the applicability of color combination based upon the characteristics of environmental color perception and the nuance concept of Natural Color System(NCS). The results are summarized below: First, NCS is a scientific coloring system in consideration of the relevance between people, light and environment, to be based on a phenomenological point of view. NCS can be called a psychometric model reflecting our natural color sense. Second, the color triangle established by NCS is one of the methods of expression based on the human visual mechanism, which is classified by two attributes of hue and nuance, not by the three color attributes of hue, lightness and saturation. The nuance concept of NCS implies the impression, atmosphere and tone that are perceived in colors, which are related to lightness and saturation. Accordingly, this paper suggests that the coloring arrangement emphasizing nuance and tone is more useful than hue in color planning. Third, aesthetic impression in environmental color perception is inclusive of instantly perceptive nuance, which is connected with affordance. The affordance is revealed by the different relation of similarity. In this regard, a strong relationship is noticed between color combination and the sense of pleasantness. The hypothesis regarding the complementation and similarity of contrasting nature is judged to provide observers with aesthetic order. Finally, this paper also suggests four harmonizing methods in the NCS color triangle based upon equal blackness, equal whiteness, equal chromaticness and same nuance. At the same time, opposition and a different concept of hue, lightness and lightness are combined complementarily with the nuance value to suggest patterns of color combination.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.655-664
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was undertaken to identify which delirium screening instrument would be more useful in clinical practice. Methods: Data were collected from 118 nurses from six hospitals in five provinces in Korea. For the delirium screening three instruments were compared: NEECHAM Confusion Scale (NEECHAM), Nursing Delirium Screening Scale (Nu-DESC), Delirium Observation Scale (DOS). The MMSE-K was used for concurrent validity. The nurse subjects were surveyed as to the practical clinical value of each instrument. Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ coefficient and Kuder-Richardson 20 were used to confirm the reliability. Results: The range of three scales reliability was .70~.82 and the range of correlation coefficient was .63~.82 with MMSE-K. For sensitivity of NEECHAM, Nu-DESC and DOS was 1.00, 1.00 and 0.81 respectively and specificity NEECHAM, Nu-DESC and DOS was 0.88, 0.89 and 0.89 respectively. Nurses rated the practical use of the DOS scale as significantly easier to use than the NEECHAM and Nu-DESC. Conclusion: NEECHAM, Nu-DESC and DOS scales were acceptable in terms of reliability, validity, sensitivity and specificity. However, nurses rated the DOS scale as easier scale to use and had more relevance to their practice.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.862-870
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• 2013

This study examines the effect of communication type of food service employees on the self-efficiency and organizational commitment. To accomplish the purpose of the study, a survey was conducted to employees of food service companies located in Seoul, from August 5, 2013 to August 25, 2013 as a method of empirical study. The results of this study was analyzed using the SPSS WIN 12.0 and statistical reliability analysis, factor analysis, frequency analysis, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were conducted for hypothesis verification. The analysis results of this study are as follows. First, the R-square of regression result for 'communication type will have a positive effect on self-efficiency' was .220. Also, it was found that factors of consideration (Beta=.286, t=5.622), instruction (Beta=.303, t=5.970) and business (Beta=.214, t=4.217) had positive effects on self-efficiency. Values for factors of consideration and instruction were higher than business. Second, the R-square of regression result for 'communication type will have a positive effect on organizational commitment' was .429. Also, it was found that factors of consideration (Beta=.453, t=10.428), instruction (Beta=.380, t=8.749) and business (Beta=.282, t=6.477) had positive effects on organizational commitment. Values for factors of instruction and business were high but value of consideration factor turned out the highest. Third, the R-square of regression result for 'self-efficiency will have a positive effect on organizational commitment' was .334. Also, it was found that out of the factors of positivity (Beta=.369, t=8.423), confidence (Beta=.415, t=8.833) and negativity (Beta=-.072, t=-1.536), positivity and confidence had positive effects on organization commitment, and only positivity and confidence showed high values in organization commitment. Upon analyzing the effect of factors of self-efficiency (positivity, confidence, negativity) on organizational commitment, it was found that positivity and confidence showed high relevance but the negativity factor did not have any correlation.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.7 no.3 s.16
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• pp.87-105
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• 1998

Surveying the literature of architecture since the nineteenth century, one can identify two dominant but problematic attitudes, among several, that pursue the task of defining what modern architecture is and should be. The first is the search for meaning and the second is the pursuit of form. This study, following Michel Foucault, asserts that the dual formation of meaning and form is a historical product of modernity and belies architecture's uncritical dependence on language since the nineteenth century. This study is a critique and historical analysis of this pernicious reliance, and constitutes a first step towards thinking of alternative relations between 'words and architecture' in the modern world. In reconstructing this problematic, the paper has called on Foucault's seminal The Order of Things. The study follows his construction of the Renaissance, the Classical and the Modern episteme, and in brief fashion, reconstructs the relation between language and architecture in each episteme. In analysing the Modern, the study focuses on Hegel's Lectures on Aesthetics. Hegel placed architecture in a genre hierarchy within which architecture, because of its material basis, was fundamentally limited in its ability to express the Spirit. For Hegel it was, among the arts, poetic language, and beyond art, the language of philosophy, through which the Absolute Spirit could be atttained. Much of post-nineteenth century architecture has remained within the shadow of Hegel, where architecture's materiality is perceived to be a burden, and in order to secure its relevance in modern society, architecture was deemed to pursue the role of language. As the most recent and sophisticated example of architecture's pursuit of form, the paper analyses the work of Peter Eisenman. Though Eisenman's theoretical writings are replete with post-Hegelian rhetoric, his architecture remains dependent upon the model of language, albeit a structuralist one. The paper concludes that ultimately, the pursuit of meaning and form is unable to face the crucial issue of value in modernity. While the former decides to easily what it is, the latter evades the issue itself. The second installment of this ongoing study will pursue a third possibility alluded to by Foucault, where language remains silent, pointing only to its 'ponderous' material existence.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.1-12
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• 2019

Purposes: The purpose of this study, was to identify similar factors between reasons for unscreening and unmet health care needs through prior research, and based on this, we wanted to figure out the relevance between the medical screening and unmet health care needs. Methodology: The analysis was conducted using data from 9,640 adults aged 19 or older who don't have a missing value from 16,277 participants in the 7th, 1st&2nd Year (2016&2017) of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Unmet health care needs were investigated as a self-reported questionnaire of whether medical service was required but not received. And the analysis was performed through the Chi-Square Test and Multi-logistic Regression analysis. Findings: As a result of the analysis, unmet healthcare needs were higher who received only one type of screening comparative to who screened both. and were highest who screened neither. Practical Implications: Unmet health care needs are the center of a vicious cycle, such as morbidity and mortality, which is detrimental to the quality of life, and continues to increase. Therefore, it is necessary to find ways of realizing health care that guarantees the health rights of all citizens by policy guarantee and support for the subjects to recognize the importance of thorough education of screenings rather than only health screening or cancer screening.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.399-406
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• 2014

Objectives: Ryodoraku is a physiological function test using electric current. Since it can evaluate the patient's overall condition as well as a function of individual organs, Ryodoraku can be assumed as an effective way to diagnose chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the values of Ryodoraku for diagnosing COPD. Methods: We designated a COPD group, who were over 40 and satisfying COPD criteria, $FEV_1$/FVC<0.7. The Control group also consisted of members over 40 years old but without COPD and any other lung disease. We conducted a comparative study by checking the Ryodoraku score (RS), the average of Rt.&Lt. H1 (mean H1), the mean difference value between both H1s (${\mid}H1^R-H1^L{\mid}$) and the ratio of patients whose RS was under 40. Then we investigated the correlation between the mean H1 and the results of pulmonary function test (PFT). Results & Conclusions: In the COPD group, RS, mean H1 and ${\mid}H1^R-H1^L{\mid}$ were significantly lower and the ratio of 'RS<40' patients was meaningfully higher than in the Control group. On the other hand, PFT seems not to be replaced by Ryodoraku since there was no correlation between mean H1 and the results of PFT. Though more experiments and researches are needed to be further confirmed, Ryodoraku is expected to be an adequate way for prediagnosing and following up the COPD patients.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2017

In this paper, we investigates the basis of the theological aesthetics and the Bible as the standard of human value standards on the basis of this theological aesthetics. In another approach, unique designs of plants and animals were described in terms of aesthetics. These descriptions were then employed to design and create things, recognised for their beauty as well as practicable applications. From this point of view, we can deduce the relevance of God, the created world, and theological aesthetics. We review the implications of human engineering and the art of convergence and engineering theology. We discussed why the need for a tool of theological aesthetics in convergence engineering is important. We will need more discussion in terms of technological progress in which theological aesthetics is embodied in order to develop more healthy, moral and ethical convergent engineering skills in our society and to provide a better and healthier life for mankind.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.101-109
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• 2017

Traditional cultural resources in the region have unique cultural characteristics and are highly likely to be differentiated content resources. Therefore, when local cultural resources are developed as content, they can be given a role as a brand symbolizing the region together with economic value creation. In this paper, we propose a method to utilize traditional cultural resources in Jeonnam region as content material and to strengthen the connection with 'Namdo Renaissance' project contents in Jeonnam province. We propose seven regions as a region with content relevance for inter-regional collaboration through resource elements and analysis of Jeonnam cities and counties. We suggest "Story SarangBang" so that we can uncover and systematize stories with symbolic character by region. The developed story resources are developed as experiential contents through realistic media production technology and virtual reality platform and expanded to tourism contents and expanded to the window effect of contents. Also, by expanding cooperation governance between regions, it is possible to enhance opportunities for development of joint contents and enhance utilization as tourist contents, thereby contributing to regional economic development and related industries development.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.351-357
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• 2009

This study was conducted to verify the simulation model through the drying test, and investigate effect of factors, such as temperature of drying air, airflow rate, and velocity of the airflow, on the drying. The low temperature drying simulation model was developed based on the circulation dry simulation model presented by Keum et al. (1987), and by modifying low temperature thin layer drying model, equilibrium moisture content model, latent heat of vaporization model, and crack ratio prediction model. The heat pump and experimental dryer with a capacity of 150kg were used for the test. The RMSE between the predicted and measured value was 0.27% (drying temperature), 0.15% (crack ratio), and 2.08% (relative humidity), so the relevance of the model was verified. In addition, the effect of drying temperature, airflow rate, and velocity of the airflow on the drying was examined. The experimental results showed that the crack ratio at drying temperature of $25{\sim}40^{\circ}C$ was allowable. Moreover, at below $30^{\circ}C$, variation of the crack ratio was slight, but drying time was delayed. Given these results, the drying temperature of over $30^{\circ}C$ was effective. As the airflow rate increased, required energy dramatically increased. Whereas drying rate slowly increased, so loss of drying efficiency was caused. Considering these results, the dryer needed to be designed and adjusted to lower than $30\;m^3/min{\cdot}ton$. As velocity of the airflow increased, required drying energy increased when the velocity of the airflow was over $5\;m^3$/hr, while crack ratio and drying rate showed little variation.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.29-38
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• 2007

Recently, the tropospheric ozone has gained a global attention for its adverse effect on vegetation as well as its contribution to the global warming. Although a number of studies have been carried out for the urban ozone, the effect of ozone on vegetation is still largely unknown in Korea. The present work aimed at performing the first evaluation of forest damage by ozone using the national air monitoring data from the year 2000 to the year 2005. Moreover, it also explored the relevance of adverse effect of ozone to the recent events on leaf chlorosis of black locust, Robinia pseudo-acacia, leading to early foliage widely observed in Korea since 2001. In the nineties, forest damages caused by ozone such as leaf chlorosis occurred in Europe and North America and led to invoke comprehensive field and laboratory studies. As a result, AOT40, implying the accumulated dose over a threshold 40 ppb, was developed to assess the forest damage by ozone. 19 air monitoring stations were selected across Korea to calculate AOT40 from the year 2000 to the year 2005. The calculated AOT40 generally increased during April and May and reached the maximum after May. The increase of AOT40 diminished substantially from the mid-June as the rainy season started. The calculated AOT40 in the nine rural sites from the year 2002 to th ε year 2005 ranged from 6.8 to 29.4 ppm-hr. And all the AOT40 at th ε year 2005 exceeded the critical value of 10 ppm-hr for forest damage. Morevoer the calculated AOT40 of Korea appeared higher than the AOT40 of Europe in the year 2004/2005 and comparable to the AOT40 of China in the year 2000. Despite the high levels of the calculated AOT40 since the year 2001 and the consistency of time of seasons between high AOT40 values and occurrence of chlorosis of black locust, further studies are required to conclude that the chlorosis of black locust occurred from the year 2001 to the year 2005 were resulted from a damage by ozone.