• Language and Information
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.127-139
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• 2005

In this paper I investigate whether Korean-speaking children know the basic meaning of reciprocal anaphors like each other. I further examine whether they have knowledge of subtle differences in the interpretations of such anaphors depending on the two types of verbs. Fiengo and Lasnik (1973) pointed out a contrast between reciprocal sentences with active verbs and stative verbs. For example, a sentence with an active verb like The men in the room are hitting each other, has both a strong reciprocal reading (i.e., everyone of them in the room is hitting every other one) and a weak reciprocal reading (i.e., certain pairs of men are not engaged in the action of hitting each other). In contrast, a sentence with a stative verb like The men in the room know each other allows only a strong reciprocal reading (i.e., everyone of them know every other one). 16 Korean children and 15 Korean adults were tested using the Truth Value Judgment Task methodology. The results of the present study show that like English children, Korean children know the meaning of reciprocal anaphor, and that they also know the semantic difference of reciprocal sentences with active and stative verbs. Therefore, the present study strongly supports the claim that the semantic distinction of reciprocal sentences with active and stative verbs may be universal, and that children's ability of this semantic distinction might be innately given.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2018.11a
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• pp.6-7
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• 2018

In the previous study, durometer, namely rubber hardness tester Was used to confirm the possibility of using the setting time of concrete for determination. in this study, the possibility of using condensation time judgment condensation estimation system by comparing the measuring station setting estimation system Measuring needle of the proctor penetration resistance tester by newly making a measurement needle and refining the coagulation estimation system Want to make sure. As a result of this study, it was possible to use one condensation estimation system showing similar correlation between the two types of durometer showing high correlation with the penetration resistance value of proctor testers, It is considered to be fruitful to use the dew condensation estimation system for determining the setting time.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1994.02b
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• pp.164-168
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• 1994

Single serologic tests may occasionally influence clinicians in making diagnoses. The antistreptolysin O (ASO) test is a frequently used tool for detecting recent Streptococcus pyogenes infection and is helpful in the diagnosis of diseases like rheumatic fever. Using data from a 1989 prospective study of 600 healthy male military recruits, in which 43% experienced S. pyogenes upper respiratory tract infection (2-dilution rise in ASO), this report compared two methods of interpreting a single ASO titer. Using the 'upper limit of normal' (80 percentile) method, recruits with an ASO titer of greater than 400 showed evidence of recent S. pyogenes infection. This method had a sensitivity and specificity of only 65.9 and 81.9% respectively. In contrast to the 'yes-no'. dichotomy of the 'upper limit of normal' method. the likelihood ratio method statistics were ASO value specific, more consistent with clinical judgment, and better emphasized the caution clinicians must use in interpreting a single ASO test.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.105-116
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• 2012

The most necessary thing for education now, is an ecological approach to look at and be conscious of the uncertainty of nature and the structural contradiction of society. In brief, we need to make a judgment on what standard and value are required for a forming righteous relation between nature and human being, and include it in the notion of citizenship. Based on this point of view, this study extracted moral virtues, skills and agreement mechanisms of new citizenship from ecologism, environmental justice and the ecological community, and systematized them. From ecologism and environmental justice, virtues that are inner values to lead ecological citizen's act and skills as capabilities required for correcting environmental injustice, were derived. Then, workings of citizens in a community and directions of each society and education were considered from the ecological community as an utopia where ecological citizens ultimately aim for. As the result, the ecological sensitivity, freedom, creativity, a sense of justice, a sense of responsibility, caring were found to be moral virtues that ecological citizens have to have. Next, ecological thinking skills like systemic thinking, quantitative thinking and empathetic thinking, and principles of deliberation and perturbation as mechanisms to improve communication skill and environmental injustice which have been considered importantly as components of democratic citizenship, were selected as skills of ecological citizens.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.269-279
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• 2019

This study would present a risk analysis method to evaluate stable tap water supply in a multi-regional water supply system and propose a measure for the evaluation of the effect of the conjunctive operation of the multi-regional water supply system using this. Judging from the vulnerability for the crisis response of the entire N. multi-regional water supply system, as compared to the result of Scenario 1 in which no conjunctive pipes were operated, it was found that in Scenario 2, in which conjunctive pipes were partially operated, the vulnerability of crisis response decreased by about 30.6%, and as compared to Scenario 3, the vulnerability of crisis response decreased by 86.2%. In setting a plan for stable tap water supply in N multi-regional water supply system, using the estimated value and the method for the evaluation of the vulnerability of crisis response by pipe, by interval and by line, it is judged that this can be utilized as a basis for the judgment of the evaluation of the operation or the additional installation of conjunctive pipes.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.433-448
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze two subject competencies (practical problem-solving capability and independent life capability) reflected in the activity tasks included in the 'home life and safety' area of 12 middle school technology-home economics textbooks in accordance with the 2015 revised curriculum. The analysis criteria were sub-elements of two subject competencies. Seven sub-elements were derived from each competency. Frequency analysis was performed to determine how often the sub-elements were reflected in the activity tasks. The results were as follows. First, with regard to the sub-elements of 'practical problem-solving capability', 'value judgment' was reflected most frequently in the activity tasks followed by 'exemplification of solution', 'logical thinking', 'critical thinking', 'decision-making', 'practical reasoning', and 'evaluation of solutions'. Secondly, the sub-elements of 'independent life capability' were unevenly distributed in the activity tasks. The 'capability to perform conscious living' was reflected most frequently followed by 'development and self-identity', 'time, money, and leisure management', and 'reasonable consumption and resource utilization'. For teachers wanting to teach activity-oriented classes and student participatory classes, the results pinpoint the materials necessary to develop learners' subject competencies by using textbooks from different publishing companies.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.261-267
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• 2023

In the paper of 'Natural Selection Favors AIs over Humans,' Dan Hendrycks applies principles of Darwinian evolution to forecast potential trajectories of AI development. He proposes that competitive pressures within corporate and military realms could lead to AI replacing human roles and exhibiting self-interested behaviors. However, such claims carry the risk of oversimplifying the complex issues of competition and natural selection without clear criteria for judging whether AI is selfish or altruistic, necessitating a more in-depth analysis and critique. Other studies, such as ''The Threat of AI and Our Response: The AI Charter of Ethics in South Korea,' offer diverse opinions on the natural selection of artificial intelligence, examining major threats that may arise from AI, including AI's value judgment and malicious use, and emphasizing the need for immediate discussions on social solutions. Such contemplation is not merely a technical issue but also significant from an ethical standpoint, requiring thoughtful consideration of how the development of AI harmonizes with human welfare and values. It is also essential to emphasize the importance of cooperation between artificial intelligence and humans. Hendrycks's work, while speculative, is supported by historical observations of inevitable evolution given the right conditions, and it prompts deep contemplation of these issues, setting the stage for future research focused on AI safety, regulation, and ethical considerations.

• Journal of Korea Artificial Intelligence Association
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.1-6
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• 2023

In this paper, we present a new method for classifying malicious URLs to reduce cases of learning difficulties due to unfamiliar and difficult terms related to information protection. This study plans to extract only visually distinguishable features within the URL structure and compare them through map learning algorithms, and to compare the contribution values of the best map learning algorithm methods to extract features that have the most impact on classifying malicious URLs. As research data, Kaggle used data that classified 7,046 malicious URLs and 7.046 normal URLs. As a result of the study, among the three supervised learning algorithms used (Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, and Logistic Regression), the Decision Tree algorithm showed the best performance with 83% accuracy, 83.1% F1-score and 83.6% Recall values. It was confirmed that the contribution value of https is the highest among whether to use https, sub domain, and prefix and suffix, which can be visually distinguished through the feature contribution of Decision Tree. Although it has been difficult to learn unfamiliar and difficult terms so far, this study will be able to provide an intuitive judgment method without explanation of the terms and prove its usefulness in the field of malicious URL detection.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.9-21
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• 2014

Source and use of investment money in the content business has been subject to closer attention, This study attempts to identify the information asymmetry problem in the performing art are, focusing on the Korean musical play. Despite the various discussions in the venture capital practice in the performing art area, there has been few studies analyzing the investors' perspective. While juggling with the 'artistic value' and 'rate of return', the investors are concerned about the 'transparency' of the performing art practice. When coupled with the subjective judgment of 'artistic value', the information asymmetry between the investor and the performing art manager becomes more delicate. In the performing art business, 'SPC(Special Purpose Company)' is considered a possible solution to organize the deal structure in this field. This study analyzes the role of SPC regarding the information asymmetry problem.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.9-18
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• 2018

In this study, a field model experiment was performed to analyze the bahavior of slope during failure. It was analyzed through x-MR control chart method with inverse displacement and K-value. As a result, the portent was confirmed at 4 minutes before slope failure in Case 1. The change of the control limit line according to moving range was analyzed and it was effective to apply K = 3. Use of the inverse displacement and x-MR control chart method will be useful for the prediction of abnormal behavior through quick and objective judgment. Prediction of slope failure using control chart method can be used as basic data of slope measurement management standard, and it can contribute in reduction of life and property damage caused by slope disaster.