• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.65 no.4
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• pp.792-803
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• 2023

This study aimed to assess the impact of weather events on the sorghum-sudangrass hybrid (Sorghum bicolor L.) cultivar production trend in the central inland region of Korea during the monsoon season, using time series analysis. The sorghum-sudangrass production data collected between 1988 and 2013 were compiled along with the production year's weather data. The growing degree days (GDD), accumulated rainfall, and sunshine duration were used to assess their impacts on forage production (kg/ha) trend. Conversely, GDD and accumulated rainfall had positive and negative effects on the trend of forage production, respectively. Meanwhile, weather events such as heavy rainfall and typhoon were also collected based on weather warnings as weather events in the Korean monsoon season. The impact of weather events did not affect forage production, even with the increasing frequency and intensity of heavy rainfall. Therefore, the trend of forage production for the sorghum-sudangrass hybrid was forecasted to slightly increase until 2045. The predicted forage production in 2045 will be 14,926 ± 6,657 kg/ha. It is likely that the damage by heavy rainfall and typhoons can be reduced through more frequent harvest against short-term single damage and a deeper extension of the root system against soil erosion and lodging. Therefore, in an environment that is rapidly changing due to climate change and extreme/abnormal weather, the cultivation of the sorghum-sudangrass hybrid would be advantageous in securing stable and robust forage production. Through this study, we propose the cultivation of sorghum-sudangrass hybrid as one of the alternative summer forage options to achieve stable forage production during the dynamically changing monsoon, in spite of rather lower nutrient value than that of maize (Zea mays L.).

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.101-111
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• 2023

Purpose: The first purpose of this study is deriving in-store characteristics that affect the experience of customers using unmanned stores and reveals the value of major services that customers feel and experience. Also, an empirical analysis is conducted on the effect of intelligent consumption value after using unmanned stores on consumption emotions and continuous use intention, and the modulating effect of customers' untact tendency on environmental characteristics and the value of intelligent services is verified. Research design, data and methodology: Samples were taken from 186 people who visited the unmanned store from April to June 2022 to investigate the research model. Results: It was found that the environmental characteristics of unmanned stores had a positive effect on the intelligent service value. Also, the higher the value of intelligent service, the stronger the influence on consumption emotions, and the higher the value of the intelligence service and consumption emotions, the stronger the impact on the intention to use intention. The untact propensity played a role in controlling the relationship between ease of using technology and the intelligent service value and the relationship between spatial arrangement and functionality and intelligent service value. Conclusion: In order to improve unmanned store service in the trend of spreading unmanned stores, it is necessary to not only improve the technology using convenience in terms of store environmental characteristics but also create innovative consumption experiences in terms of space layout, function, and convenience of payment.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.92-95
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• 2001

The Baghabarighat Milk Shed Area (BMSA), in Bangladesh belonging to the Bangladesh Milk Producers Cooperative Union Limited (BMPCUL) was selected to study the qualitative and quantitative aspects of dairy milk and to establish a trend throughout the year (July 1995 to June 1990) of milk collected at morning and evening, and daily. The average fat, solids-not-fat (SNF) and total solid (TS) contents of the morning milk were 4.58, 7.75 and 12.33%, respectively, and evening milk contained 5.41, 7.81 and 13.23%. The values for the quality varied (p<0.01) throughout the year without a specific trend. Higher milk collection occured at morning (52.77%) than evening (47.24%), but total yield of fat from morning milk was lower (48.74%) than evening milk (51.26%) due to a lower fat value (4.58%). Yield of SNF (52.57% morning, 47.37% evening) followed the values of the amount of milk collected due to their similar value at morning (7.75) and evening (7.81). Overall, TS yield was 51 and 49% from morning and evening. There was not a significant (p>0.01) relationship between fat and TS values of morning milk with those of evening milk, but there was a correlation (p<0.01) between milk yield at morning and all other parameters for evening. Solids-not-fat value of morning milk was related with yield and SNF value of milk from evening, but not with fat and TS evening milk. It may be concluded that evening milk contains higher amounts of fat, SNF and TS, but yields were higher at morning, except fat. Milk collected at morning showed a relationship with all the parameters found at evening.

• Proceedings of the Polymer Society of Korea Conference
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.152-152
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• 2006

Polyolefins show a very healthy growth rate among commodity polymer resins due to their low feedstock prices, recyclable and environmentally friendly characteristics and easily controllable performances. Capacity investment in polyolefin field is now moving from technology region to consumer region and feedstock region. Therefore, key success factors for polyolefin business in the other region such as Korea are cost reduction, development of highly value-added products and new applications and substitution of PVC, PS, PET and other EPs. To add additional value to commodity polyolefin products, high level of platform technology such as catalyst, process and structure-properties relationship is needed. Progress on polyolefin products has been very closely related to catalyst and process technology. According to this trend, SK Corporation has devoted a lot of research effort into development of new value-added polyolefin products based on the proprietary technology platform.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1978

Epiphytic lichens were sampled quantitatively on the cherry trees (Prunus serrulata) at Jeonju and Hadong along both north and south exposures of tat trees. Coverage of lichens was determinated for each species by 10*20cm quadrat. Lichen species diversities such as total diversity (D), mean diversity (D), Shannon diversity (D') and redundancy (R) were estimated according to Brillouin and Shannon equation. The importance value of lichen species was meassured by niche preemption model, The importance value transformed into some fraction k of the niche space. The value of k was compared with aggregation of lichens communities in to areas. The ten most important awariensis, Parmelia incurva, Parmelia crinita, Dirinaria applanta, Parmelia wallichiana, Parmelia austrosinensis and Cetraria platyphylla. The mean coverage epiphytic lichens on north side of tree was higher than of south side in two areas. The species diversities of epiphytic lichen of two areas shows that a change in the value of D' along vertical was not paralled with the D and R. In Kumsan-sa, D, D and D' increased upward along the tree of north exposure, but did not follow this trend in south, However in Sangge-sa, D, D and D' of both sides increased.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.131-139
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to analyse the housing values of the university student. The data is collected through the self-entry questionnaire that designed for this study. The 512 data obtained were analysed by Frequencies. Mean, Factor analysis, t-test, oneway ANOVA, $\chi$$^2$-test. Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The major findings are as follows: 1) The Housing Value was classified of 5 factors which Location-Environment. Social - Psychology, Physical factor of Housing, Life-Conciousness and Investmental of Value. 2) Their relevance variables of Housing value were sex, the educational course and occupation of their father and income. 3) Their preference trend of Housing appeared to the apartment and One-room system, and green tract of the space etc.

• Proceeding of EDISON Challenge
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• 2013.04a
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• pp.25-35
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• 2013

The intramolecular magnetic coupling constant (J) values of diradical-based magnet models (S1-S5) were studied using unrestricted density functional theory. The model systems were designed with series of oxoverdazyl radicals (o-Ver(N) and o-Ver(C)) linked through a benzene coupler. They were divided according to either connectivity of the radical (C or N) or geometrical topology (meta- and para-) of benzene coupler. Reasonable relationship was found between spin density distribution and sign of J value. With our results we determined ferromagnetic (positive J value) and antiferromagnetic (negative J value) interactions. J values were also calculated along the twisting movement by the scan of dihedral angles between the radical and the coupler. An overall trend was found as absolute value of J decreased over increasing torsion angles.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.99-119
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• 2019

In recent times, the volume of cross-border e-commerce has witnessed an upward trend and has been accompanied by increased disputes, with cross-border e-commerce being characterized mainly by low value and large volume issues. For this reason, Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) was formed to carry out dispute resolutions in cross-border e-commerce. A virtual multi-door ODR platform for small value, cross-border disputes in e-commerce is then proposed in this paper. For a couple of decades, researchers have tried to employ Artificial Intelligence (AI) to Law. However, it turns out that they were faced with a couple of obstacles to integrate AI to Law since it is highly difficult to program AI to process the common sense of a human being. For example, AI cannot assimilate the affective side of a human being, and it is problematic to integrate a human being's common sense into the AI system. Considering this situation, this study puts forward an ODR model for cross-border e-commerce in the evolutionary perspective.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.207-233
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• 2020

Purpose - The purpose of this paper analyzes the relationship between the Corporate Social Responsibility(CSR) and Corporate Value to estimate whether the characteristics of Firm can change this relationship. Design/methodology/approach - This paper utilizes the total 776 firms' data over the period 2014-2018, and develops a new ESG index which was estimated by PCA. Findings - First, the estimated ESG index implies that Large company has the highest value of CSR, while Medium sized and Small company have the relatively low one. And comparing to the case of 2014, the trend of ESG index in Large company does not decrease in 2018. Second, there is a clear and significant non linear relationship between CSR and corporate value, it implies that the U-shaped exists in the Korean Firms. Such a tendency is mush stronger in the Large company. Third, the new ESG index indicates that it takes more time to increase Firm value in the Medium sized and Small company while there is a high possibility of increasing value in Large company from the little gab between the threshold points and mean value of ESG. Research implications or Originality - The non linear tendency between the Corporate Social Responsibility and Corporate Value is strongly affected by Firm size and the relative high quintile of ESG, but it is less affected by Firm history.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 1983

The resulting characteristics of vibrations show different patterns for the various oscillating mechanisms. These vibrations causes troublesome operation problems for the operators and sometimes for the machines. Furthermore, in some cases the practical usage of this oscillating mechanism is constrained by its mechanical conditions. In this study, a balanced oscillating tillage tool with triple blades having different acting area was designed. The horizontal and vertical oscillating accelerations and draft power requirement due to the various travel speeds, lift angles, amplitudes and oscillating frequencies were investigated in a laboratory soil bin with a soil having invariable properties. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Overall, the horizontal acceleration decreased as the oscillating frequency and amplitude decreased. But the increase in travel speed caused the decrease horizontal acceleration. The blade with the lift angle of $30^{\circ}$ exhibited the lowest value of horizontal acceleration among the blades tested. 2. For the vertical acceleration, the fluctuating trend of oscillating acceleration was similar to the trend of the horizontal acceleration. 3. The draft power requirement decreased as the amplitude and oscillating frequency increased. But the increase in travel speed caused the increase in draft power requirement. The blade with the lift angle of $10^{\circ}$ showed the lowest value of draft power requirement among the blades tested.