• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2017

Vaccinium angustifolium, commonly known as the lowbush blueberry, is a rich source of flavonoids, with which various human physiological activities have been associated. The present study focuses on the investigation of the effect of the methanolic extract of V. angustifolium root extract (VAE) on high affinity immunoglobulin E receptor ($Fc{\varepsilon}RI$) ${\alpha}$ chain antibody (CRA-1)-induced allergic reaction in human basophilic KU812F cells. The total phenolic content of VAE was found to be $170{\pm}1.9mg$ gallic acid equivalents/g. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that the cell surface expression of $Fc{\varepsilon}RI$ was suppressed in a concentration-dependent manner upon culture with VAE. Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the mRNA level of the $Fc{\varepsilon}RI$ ${\alpha}$ chain was reduced in a concentration-dependent manner as a result of VAE treatment. Western blot analysis revealed that the protein expression of $Fc{\varepsilon}RI$ and the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) 1/2 were concentration-dependently inhibited by VAE. We determined that VAE inhibited anti-CRA-1-induced histamine release, in addition to the elevation of intracellular calcium concentration ([$Ca^{2+}$]i), in a concentration-dependent manner. These results indicate that VAE may exert an anti-allergic effect via the inhibition of calcium influx and histamine release, which occurs as a result of the down-regulation of $Fc{\varepsilon}RI$ expression through inhibition of ERK 1/2 activation.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 2015

Edible berries are rich in anthocyanins and phenolic acids, compounds that possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and other biological activities. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of five berries including acaiberry (Euterpe oleracea Mart.), Aronia/black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa), blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium), black currant (Ribes nigrum L.), and cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) were assessed. The Aronia G (prepared by GreenField s.c.) exhibited the highest antioxidant activities as shown in total phenolic (138.81 mg CAE/g), flavonoid (3.68 mg QE/g), and anthocyanin (20.31 mg/g) contents compared to the other berries. It also showed the strongest scavenging activities such as DPPH (69.69 mg vitamin C/g) and ABTS radical scavenging activity ($757.79{\mu}mol$ trolox/g). Aronia G exhibited strong ferric reducing antioxidant power ($553.98{\mu}mol$ vitamin C/g), and oxygen radical absorbance capacity ($820.92{\mu}mol$ trolox/g). In addition, black currant and Aronia showed stronger inhibition of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cell than the other berries. According to the above results, the Aronia and other edible berries have notably high level of antioxidant activities and they could be used as a potential source of natural antioxidants.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.169-176
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• 2000

At Koppl area, undamaged natural habitat of sundew, I have analysed interspecific affinities and community composition through mathematical method and important environmental factors. Interspecific affinities of the species with frequency of more than 5% in vegetation table were analysed through chi-square test and showed obvious group of Drosera rotundifolia, Vaccinium uliginosum, Calluna vulgaris, Eriophorum angustifolium and 21 species. The result of ordination anlysis using DECORANA of VESPAN II showed eigenvalue of 0.6047 for axis I, 0.2024 for axis II and 0.0763 for axis Ⅲ. And it divided into 4 groups of quadrat number 1-5 for Sphagnum squarrosum-community, 6-10 for Crepis paludosa-community. 11-25 for Carex panicea-community and 26-35 for Scorpidium scorpioides-community. By the classification using TWINSPAN, the 7 areas divided into 2 groups of 1-10 and 11-35 at first level of division with high eigenvalue of 0.588 and indicator was Sphagnum squarrosum. At second level of division it divided into 4 groups as the results of DECORANA with eigenvalues of 0.268 and 0.423 and indicators were Pinguicula vulgaris and Scorpidium scorpioides. Microclimatic environment of studied area was low in temperature and high in humidity and soil environment showed high in field moisture capacity, acid, high organic matter content, low NO3 and K2O content, compare to normal soil, and high ground water level.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.144-154
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• 1995

The fruit color characteristics and persisting period of deciduous woody landscape plants were investigated through the field survey in Suwon region from January 1, 1992 to March 20, 1993. The summary of the study results was as follows; The total fruit color persisting period was about 320 days from May 1, 1992 when Prunus mume was beginning of fruit coloring, to March 20, 1993 when the fruits of Platanus occidentalis and platanus X acerifolia were persisting. And the plants of fruit persisting period over 60 days after leaf falling were Vibumum erosum, Ilex serrata, Ilex verticillata 'Christmas Cheer', Platanus X acerifolia, Platanus occidentalis, Berberis thunbergii 'Atropupurea', Ligustrum obtusifolium. According to the KBS standard color number, 52.6% of of the fruit color were red, 18.9% yellow, 11.6% black, green 9.5%, white 2.1%, violet 1.1%, and red is followed black 4.2%. Evodia daniellii, Ilex verticillata 'Christmas Cheer', Ilex serrata, Ginkgo biloba, Lindera obtusiloba, and Lindera erythrocarpa should be planted male and female species together for fruits. We got the new information on the fruit color characteritics and persisting period of Malus 'Hopa', Malus 'Almey', Malus 'Pioneer X', Acer rubrum, Malus prunifolia, Pyrus serotina, Berberis thunbergii 'Atropurpurea', Vibumum rhytidophyllum, Rosa spp. Vitis vinifera, Vaccinium angustifolium, Ilex verticillata 'Christmas Cheer', Magnolia stellata, Aronia arbutifolia, Sorbus alnifolia, Lonicera japonica var. aueroreticulta, and Ligustrum X vicaryi. And we need to introduce new cultivars of woody landscape plants including Malus spp, Berberis spp, Sorbus alnifolia yellow autumn leaf clone etc. for the better planting design. The fruit persisting period of woody landscape plants studied by fruit name was that sorosis 276 days, samara 155 days, legume 153 days, hip 133 days, pome was 124 days, drupe 92 days, berry 73 days, capsule 67 days, follicle 55 days and nut 52 days respectively.