• Journal of Photoscience
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.518-520
• /
• 2002

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a treatment modality based on photochemical reaction and the resultant cytotoxic reactive oxygen species. The platelet thrombus formation leading to stasis observed in vivo during PDT is called vascular shut down (VSD) effect. To investigate the mechanism of the VSD effect, we observed Human Umblical Vein Endothelial Cell (HUVEC) injury induced by photochemical reaction. We observed cell retraction and blebbing after PDT. It seems that the injury was not fetal and only morphological change. Then, the cytoplasm was stained by Calcein-AM and subendothelial area was evaluated from fluorescence microscopy. The rate of subendothelial area after PDT increased significantly. Second, we investigated interaction between neutrophils and HUVEC. Human promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60) were differentiated into neutrophil by incubation with all-trans retinoic acid. Calcein-AM labeled neutrophil adhesion to HUVEC was evaluated from fluorescence microscopy. PDT-induced neutrophil adhesion to HUVEC depended more on the exposure of subendothlial area than on neutrophil activation. This result suggests that there is a certain interaction between neutrophil and HUVEC during PDT.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제11권6호
• /
• pp.1787-1792
• /
• 2016

Previous walking pattern generation methods could generate walking patterns that allow only straight walking on flat and uneven terrain. They were unable to generate modifiable walking patterns whereby the sagittal and lateral step lengths and walking direction can be changed at every footstep. This paper proposes a novel walking pattern generation method to realize modifiable walking of humanoid robots on unknown uneven terrain. The proposed method employs a walking pattern generator based on the 3-D linear inverted pendulum model (LIPM), which enables a humanoid robot to vary its walking patterns at every footstep. A control strategy for walking on unknown uneven terrain is proposed. Virtual spring-damper (VSD) models are used to compensate for the disturbances that occur between the robot and the terrain when the robot walks on uneven terrain with unknown height. In addition, methods for generating the foot and vertical center of mass (COM) of the 3-D LIPM trajectories are developed to realize stable walking on unknown uneven terrain. The proposed method is implemented on a small-sized humanoid robot platform, DARwIn-OP and its effectiveness is demonstrated experimentally.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제34권11호
• /
• pp.854-857
• /
• 2001

양대혈관 좌심실기시는 양대혈관이 좌심실에서 기시하는 드문 선천성 심장기형으로 정확하게 진단하기가 어렵다. 환아는 생 후 2개월에 대동맥축착교정술 및 폐동맥교약술을 받았던 3세된 남아로 대동맥하 심실중격결손, 단일관상동맥을 동반한 양대혈관 좌심실기시로 진단되어 심실중격결손의 첩포봉합, 난원공개존의 봉합 폐동맥 교약부 절제, 그리고 폐동맥간을 좌심실에서 분리 후 우심실로 전위시켜 우심실 유출로 재건술을 받았다. 본 술식은 술 후 좋은 혈역학적 특성을 보였고, 자가조직을 사용함으로써 전위된 폐동맥의 성장잠재성과 판막 기능의 보존으로 술 후 폐동맥 폐쇄부전과 관련된 우심실기능부전의 가능성이 줄어드는 장점이 예상되므로 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고한다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.201-208
• /
• 1974

The purpose of this paper is to present author's experience with 6 cases of ruptured aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva which were treated surgically during last 10 years. Among the 6 cases, 5 were male and one was female. All of them originated from the right coronary sinus and 5 cases were ruptured into the RV while remained one into RA. The diagnosis was obtained in 4 cases by cineangiocardiogram. Clinically, we had difficulties in differential diagnosis with combined cases of VSD with A.I. and had special experience in its differentiation during cardiac catheterization. By simultaneous trans-venous and trans-arterial catheterization, identified two catheter tips in the RV, and pull back tracing obtained aortic pressure directly from RV, and RA from RV pressure which were benefit in confirm ruptured aneurysm of the aortic sinus. Surgical correction was performed by means of direct suture closure or combined Teflon pledget Of patch enforcement graft after aneurysm resection by trans-RA or trans-RV approach. All patients had no history of bacterial endocarditis, syphilis, or tuberculosis and operative findings revealed intact coronary sinus except involved one moreover 3 cases combined with high VSD which uggested congenital in origin although pathologic reports revealed only fibrosis. Post-operative course were uneventful in all cases but one who had bleeding and 2 months to 9 years follow up results were good and spend their usual life in all cases.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제49권2호
• /
• pp.112-114
• /
• 2016

The half-turned truncal switch (HTTS) operation has been reported as an alternative to the Rastelli or $r{\acute{e}}paration$ $\grave{a}$ $l^{\prime}{\acute{e}}tage$ ventriculaire procedures. HTTS prevents left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction in patients with complete transposition of the great arteries (TGA) with a ventricular septal defect (VSD) and pulmonary stenosis (PS), or in those with a Taussig-Bing anomaly with PS. The advantages of the HTTS procedure are avoidance of late LVOT or right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) obstruction, and of overstretching of the pulmonary artery. We report the case of a patient who underwent HTTS for TGA with VSD and PS, in whom there was no LVOT obstruction and only mild aortic regurgitation and mild RVOT obstruction, including observations at 12-year follow-up. Our experience with long-term follow-up of HTTS supports a solution for late complications after the Rastelli procedure.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제28권6호
• /
• pp.606-609
• /
• 1995

We have experienced ten cases of emergent operation for the complications of cardiac catheterization during the period from 1985 to September 1994.Catheterization was done for the evaluation of the cardiac or vascular problem in 8 cases and 2 cases of neurosurgical problem. The extracardiac injection of contrast material have occurred in 3 cases[primum ASD,Trilogy,VSD . Six cases were unable to remove the catheter from femoral artery or vein. The catheters were knotted, coiled, impacted or broken. An embolectomy was done 40 years old man who suffered from chronic left subclavian artery obstruction a day after angiography. Open heart surgery was performed in 5 cases of cardiac perforation,impacted catheter in left inferior pulmonary vein and broken catheter of VSD. Arteriotomy was done in 4 cases to remove the knotted and coiled catheter. There was no complication or mortality for the emergent operation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.119-126
• /
• 1979

This is one case report of the extremely rare congenital cardiac malformation, Double-outlet of left ventricle in corrected transposition of great arteries. 11-year-old boy complained acrocyanosis and exertional dyspnea, the parents noticed cyanosis since birth. Physical examination revealed acrocyanosis, clubbed fingers and toes, G-III pansystolic murmur on 2nd and 3rd ICS, LSB. Right heart catheterization revealed significant $O_2$ jump in ventricular level. Right and left ventriculography showed the both catheters arriving in the same ventricle i.e. anterior chamber, morphological left ventricle was in right and anterior position, simultaneous visualization of aorta and pulmonary artery and aorta locating anterior and right side of pulmonary artery. Echo cardiogram surely disclosed interventricular septum. Conclusively it was clarified that the patient has Double-outlet of left ventricle and corrected transposition of great arteries [S.L.D.]. Operation was performed to correct the anomalies under extracorporeal circulation with intermittent moderate hypothermia. Right-sided ventriculotomy disclosed the following findings. 1. Right-sided ventricle was morphological left ventricle. 2. Left-sided ventricle was morphological right ventricle. 3. Right side atrioventricular valve was bicuspid. 4. Left side atrioventricular valve was tricuspid. 5. Aortic valve was superior, anterior and right side of pulmonary valve. 6. Subpulmonary membranous stenosis. 7. Non-committed ventricular septal defect. We made a tunnel between VSD and aorta with Teflon patch so that arterial blood comes through VSD and the tunnel into aorta. After correction the patient needed assisted circulation for 135 min. to have adequate blood pressure. Postoperatively by any means, adequate blood pressure could not be maintained and expired in the evening of operation day.

• 한국통신학회논문지
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.386-398
• /
• 1987

本 論文은 PWM(Pulse Width Modulation)인버어터의 스위칭作用에 의해서 發生하는 高周波 影響을 最小化하기 위한 Suboptimal PAWM(Pulse Amplitude Width Modulation)을 提示하였다. 本 方式은 Suboptimal PWM에서 THD(Total Harmonic Distorition)가 最小가 되는 固定點(基本波 電壓 u1=1.2)에서 하나의 스위칭패턴을 決定하였다. 그리고 電壓은 DC Link에서 DC Chopper에 의해 制御하게 하고 인버어터에서는 단지 高周波만을 制御하도록 하였다. 本 方式은 3相 誘導電動機의 VSD(Variable Speed Drive)에 適用하여 電動機의 騷音, 인버어터의 線間電壓 및 電流, 電流高周波 스펙트럼을 測定하였으며, 他 方式과 比較해 보았다. 그 結果로부터 本 方式의 妥當性을 立證할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.529-534
• /
• 1978

Recent advances in the surgical treatment of congenital disorders of the heart have necessitated an accurate preoperative diagnosis. Right heart catheterization has become widely accepted as a research tool and diagnostic test to detect the heart diseases, especially in the congenital heart anomalies. Right heart catheterizations were carried out in 50 cases of congenital heart diseases at Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, during the period of June, 1975 through September 1978. In age distribution, 27cases were below 10 years of age, 18 cases between 11 and 20, and 5 cases above 20 male to female ratio was 2.8:1. The distribution of congenital heart diseases was VSD [42%], TOF [36%], PDA [10%], ASD [8%], and PS[4%]. Of these, 44 cases [88%], were compatible with the clinical impressions that were made preliminarily before cardiac catheterization, and all the cases except 1 case of VSD was correlated well with the postoperative diagnosis. The right heart catheterization is considered to be reliable and accurate toll in the preoperative diagnosis of congenital heart diseases. These procedures caused complications such as left side hemiplegia [lcase], occlusion of the femoral artery [lcase], and transient ventricular tachycardia [1case], and so the complication rate of right heart catheterization was 6% [3 cases]. None of patients who have undergone right heart catheterization was died.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.523-528
• /
• 1978

Recent advances in the surgical treatment of congenital disorders of the heart have necessitated an accurate preoperative diagnosis. Right heart catheterization has become widely accepted as a research tool and diagnostic test to detect the heart diseases, especially in the congenital heart anomalies. Right heart catheterizations were carried out in 50 cases of congenital heart diseases at Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, , Kyungpook National University Hospital, during the period of June, 1975 through September 1978. In age distribution, 27cases were below 10 years of age, 18 cases between 11 and 20, and 5 cases above 20 male to female ratio was 2.8:1. The distribution of congenital heart diseases was VSD [42%], TOF [36%], PDA [10%], ASD [8%], and PS[4%]. Of these, 44 cases [88%], were compatible with the clinical impressions that were made preliminarily before cardiac catheterization, and all the cases except 1 case of VSD was correlated well with the postoperative diagnosis. The right heart catheterization is considered to be reliable and accurate toll in the preoperative diagnosis of congenital heart diseases. These procedures caused complications such as left side hemiplegia [lcase], occlusion of the femoral artery [lcase], and transient ventricular tachycardia [1case], and so the complication rate of right heart catheterization was 6% [3 cases]. None of patients who have undergone right heart catheterization was died.