• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.3826-3832
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• 2010

This study was aimed at determining the effect of virtual reality(VR) based exercise programs on energy expenditure during gait in chronic stroke patients. Thirty-two stroke patients were participated for this study. They underwent stroke for more than 6 months and were assigned to a VR-exercise group (n=16) or a control group (n=16). The VR-exercise group executed a rehabilitation exercise three times a week during 6 weeks. The VR-exercise was performed by PS2 for one hour. Control group maintained their usual life without application of exercise. Energy expenditure index(EEI) during gait was calculated from heart rate and gait velocity. After the completion of the VR-exercise, the EEI was decreased significantly (p<0.05). These results showed that the rehabilitation exercise using a virtual reality is effective in the improvement of energy efficiency during gait in chronic stroke patients.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.269-278
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• 2010

Today's Virtual Reality(VR) technology has become considerably more affordable and sophisticated with rapidly advancing computer technology. Photo-realistic visual representations along with real-time interactivity are now achievable without special programing knowledge and expensive equipment. The purpose of this paper is to establish how simple, credible user testing methods based on VR simulations can be utilized to improve design decision making towards more sensible design solutions for end-users. Results of a case study demonstrate the value of potential user-testing feedback in a simulated 3D virtual service space, i.e., restaurant interior. User feedback from the VR simulation includes preferences in table location, privacy, and values of seating preferred tables. A new design framework incorporating an empirical testing method for service spaces is presented. The overall design process, the development of the VE, and the user testing method and findings are discussed. This study provides useful guidances for future efforts in the areas where such technology may benefit to understand end-user feedbacks in design process.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.35 no.1B
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• pp.8-19
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• 2010

In this paper, we propose the NCP (Network Control Platform)-based defense mechanism against DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service) attacks in order to guarantee the transmission of normal traffic and prevent the flood of abnormal traffic. We also define defense modules, the threshold and packet drop-rate used for the response against DDoS attacks. NCP analyzes whether DDoS attacks are occurred or not based on the flow and queue information collected from SR (Source Router) and VR (Victim Router). Attack packets are dopped according to drop rate decided from NCP. The performance is simulated using OPNET and evaluated in terms of the queue size of both SR and VR, the transmitted volumes of legitimate and attack packets at SR.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.98-102
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• 2023

This paper presents a study on how augmenting semi-synthetic image data improves the performance of human detection algorithms. In the field of object detection, securing a high-quality data set plays the most important role in training deep learning algorithms. Recently, the acquisition of real image data has become time consuming and expensive; therefore, research using synthesized data has been conducted. Synthetic data haves the advantage of being able to generate a vast amount of data and accurately label it. However, the utility of synthetic data in human detection has not yet been demonstrated. Therefore, we use You Only Look Once (YOLO), the object detection algorithm most commonly used, to experimentally analyze the effect of synthetic data augmentation on human detection performance. As a result of training YOLO using the Penn-Fudan dataset, it was shown that the YOLO network model trained on a dataset augmented with synthetic data provided high-performance results in terms of the Precision-Recall Curve and F1-Confidence Curve.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.12
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• pp.4465-4471
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• 2023

Hands-on education and training is a key part of fixing and developing technology knowledge and is an inherent part of many engineering and scientific curricula. However, access to large complex training facilities, such as nuclear reactor, could be limited by various factors, such as unavailability of those facilities in the region, high traveling costs or harmonization of the schedules of hands-on E&T with theoretical lectures and with the operational schedule of the facility. To handle the issue, several success stories have been reached with the introduction of the Internet Reactor Labs (IRL). The Internet Reactor Labs can strongly contribute to accessibility of training at research reactors and can contribute to improvements in their utilization. The paper describes the development of the Internet Reactor Lab at the VR-1 reactor of the Czech Technical University in Prague. Contrary to single-purpose IRLs, it presents various modalities of online teaching and training in experimental reactor physics and reactor operation in general as well as outreach activities that have been developed in recent years.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.129-138
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• 1989

In an attempt to characterize the ventral root afferent fibers, arterial blood pressure responses to stimulation of the ventral root (VR) were observed in anesthetized cats. Effects of the morphine administered either intravenously or direct spinally and of the spinal lesions on the pressor responses were compared. Followings are the results obtained. 1) Stimulation of the VR with C-strength, high frequency stimuli evoked a marked pressor response. No depressor response, which had been reported during peripheral nerve stimulation, was observed during VR stimulation with low frequency. 2) Acute cervical spinalization abolished the pressor response, indicating the involvement of supraspinal mechanism. 3) The ascending spinal pathways of the pressor response were located in the dorsolateral funiculus bilaterally. 4) Intravenously administered morphine exaggerated the pressor response to VR stimulation, while direct spinally administered morphine suppressed it. From the above results it was concluded that the ventral root afferent fibers have more similar properties to muscular C-afferent fibers than to cutaneous C-fibers.

• Broadcasting and Media Magazine
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.40-47
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• 2021

디지털 트윈, 메타버스 등의 시대적 흐름에 대응하기 위해, 1)실사와 같은 실감성을 갖추고, 2)데이터 취득이 용이하며, 3)가벼운 데이터 저장 및 활용이 가능한 실내 공간 모델링의 필요성이 증대되고 있다. 본 기고에서는 상기 세 가지 조건을 만족하는 TeeVR이라는 기술에 대해 소개하고, 기술의 혁신을 가능하게 한 "구조 기반 접근법"에 대해 소개한다. 마지막으로 아파트에서 전시홀에 이르는 scalable한 적용 예시와 웹(web)이나 스마트 폰과 같은 제한된 환경에서도 사용자 만족도가 높은 다양한 응용 예시를 설명한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.624-629
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• 2014

Obesity is the leading metabolic disease in industrialized countries and is closely associated with coronary heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, and cancer. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-adipogenic effects of two roasted coffee beans, Vietnam robusta (VR) and Ethiopia Mocha Sidamo G2 (ES), as well as fermented coffee beans with Monascus ruber (MR) mycelium on differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Treatments with 1,000 ${\mu}g/mL$ of hot water extract from coffee beans significantly reduced intracellular lipid accumulation. In addition, VR more effectively inhibited transcription factors such as $PPAR{\gamma}$, $C/EBP{\alpha}$, FAS, and aP2 compared to ES. Further, ES fermented with MR showed more effective anti-adipogenic activity than non-fermented ES. These results suggest that VR and ES inhibit adipocyte differentiation which may contribute to their anti-adipogenic properties.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.309-318
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• 2018

We proposed a marketing plan for the performing arts venue using realistic contents(VR, AR, and MR). The venue is a place where the audience can experience the performance directly. The marketing plan of the performance venue is as follows. Firstly, it is a marketing strategy that utilizes an arrangement of venue seats. It is possible to predict for watching a performance at angle and sight in performance venue seats that audience want through VR. This allows the theatre seats to be experienced in advance with the VR contents inducing the reservation of the seats with a high sense of immersion. Secondly, it is a marketing using PR and AD of performing arts through MR in the space with a large transient population. It is possible to promote dynamic promotion utilizing the sense of the presence of performing arts compared with existing static promotion means. Thirdly, it is a marketing strategy that utilizes actor characters in performance. The audience could be interested in the performing arts in advance via a preview of the AR contents of the pamphlet. Fourthly, it is a way to communicate with customers directly by establishing a VR social network to manage venue members. This will help attract an audience to revitalize the theatre venue.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.181-192
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• 2021

This study surveyed visitors' perceptions of Mudeungsan National Park's Seoseokdae Trail Section (STS) on the visitor reservation system (VRS). Data were collected from 248 visitors to STS selected through convenient sampling in May 2019. The majority (86.9%) of the respondents rated their overall experience in STS as either "no problem at all" or "little problem". Moreover, 43.0% of the respondents were aware of the VRS. The most popular information source for VRS was the Internet (49.7%), followed by other people (18.4%) and broadcasting media, e.g., TV (17.7%). While 69.9% of the respondents thought that implementation of VRS would be effective in improving managerial conditions of the STS, respondents perceived that "cumbersome reservation procedures" (79.3%) of the VRS operation was the most important problem, followed by "unfairness associated with Internet familiarity gap" (78.7%) and "deprivation of the opportunities to visit freely" (76.3%). The support for VRS implementation was higher among higher-aged, married, higher-educated, more frequent STS visitors, Gwangju residents, and solo visitors than the other groups. The "knowledge level about VRS" and "the awareness level about potential problems associated with VRS operation" negatively influenced the support for the implementation of VRS, while "the perceived managerial effectiveness of VRS" positively influenced it.