• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.106-111
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• 2013

Adulterations fuel have been using in the vehicle in these days. Because gasoline, diesel prices are rising every day. so people find more cheap price fuel. Adulterations fuel caused a serious air pollution problems. Adulteration fuel were made from waste engine oil, waste paint. According to Government regulations permit to be used recycle fuel(adulteration fuel) only in industrial boiler. Unburned fuel pollutants are effected to human health. In this paper, the hazardous air pollutants characteristics in the diesel vehicles according to adulterations of vehicle fuels were carried out in the NEDC test mode in chassis dynamometer. It is revealed that the all of the regulation pollutants (THC, NOx, CO and PM) emission in the adulterations of vehicle fuels was increased also the green house gas, $CO_2$ was increased. In the hazardous air pollutants characteristics, the VOCs(Volitile Organic Compounds) BTEX(Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, Xylene) emissions in the adulterations of vehicle fuels showed higher level than these in the diesel fuels.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.2109-2113
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• 2008

As the standard of living is higher, the passengers using public transportations desire better qualities of environment as well as more comfortable indoor environment. In case of train, the passengers' comfort in passenger cabin is one of the most important elements to be competitive with other transport systems. The indoor air quality of the cabin should be managed properly, because many passengers travel for a long time in the small space of $144\;m^3$. For proper management of the air quality, the heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system is required for the ventilation of the compartment. To maintain comfortable environment in the compartment, the automatic ventilation system is needed to exchange the indoor air with fresh air or clean indoor air. In this study, we investigated the indoor air quality (PM-10, $CO_2$, and VOCs) in the compartment of train. In addition, type and pattern of PM-10 has been analyzed through the clustering analysis. Based on the analysis, we could found that the fine particulate matters in the compartment can be a serious hazard to human. To control the concentration of PM-10 and $CO_2$ air cleaners were developed. Through this study, it is expected that people who take a train will be in a more comfortable environment.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.147-156
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• 2013

The effects of core materials on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al casting products have been investigated. The Al casting samples and cylinder head were fabricated by using organic and inorganic binder core respectively, and their microstructure and mechanical properties were evaluated. The Al casting samples fabricated by using inorganic core showed the better mechanical properties such as tensile strength and elongation than those of the Al casting samples fabricated by using organic core. That's because the Al casting samples contained small amount of pore defects and had fine microstructure compared with the Al casting samples fabricated by using organic core. Also, the use of inorganic core effectively reduced harmful gas emission and pollution.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.1195-1202
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• 2012

The purpose of this work is to study the adsorption and desorption characteristics of acetone vapor and toluene vapor from adsorption tower in the VOCs recovery device. The six kinds of activated carbon with different pore structures were used and the adsorption and desorption characteristics were compared according to pore structure, desorption temperature, and adsorption method, respectively. Adsorption capacity of acetone vapor and toluene vapor by batch method was higher than that by dynamic method. Especially, activated carbon with medium-sized or large pores had more difference in adsorption capacity according to adsorption methods as a result of gradually condensation of vapors on relatively mesopore and large pores. Activated carbons with relatively large pores and relatively small saturated adsorption capacity had excellent desorption ability.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.63-74
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• 2007

Together with the concern about the indoor all quality as sick house syndrome, the Ministry of Environment announced "Indoor Air Quality Control Law for the Multi Purpose Facility," which made the interests to be focused in the urgent understanding of current condition and preparation of measures about the indoor air pollution. In Dec 2005, the law was revised to obligatorily notify the amount of Formaldehyde and Volatile Organic Compounds in the case of newly constructed apartments with more than 100 houses. School also have its own indoor air quality guideline, Indoor air quality in school is very important because, children who very weak to indoor pollutants reside long time in there. The purpose of this paper is to survey indoor air qualify in school by field measurement. Field measurements were performed in 11 schools which were selected from 3 major cities(Incheon, Dae-jeon, chuncheon) in korea, during July, 2004. Totally concentration of Indoor pollutants were determined in 27 classroom. Target air pollutants were TVOC, formaldehyde, dust, CO, CO2 and NO2. For the result of this investigation, Indoor air quality in classroom was very poor and it was found that some pollutants (TVOC, float bacteria) exceed the guideline.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.67-77
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• 2024

This study aims to assess the efficacies of exogenous enzymes, derived from invertebrate gut-associated microbes, as feed additives, in reducing volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions using an in vitro pig intestine continuous fermentation system. An in vitro continuous fermentation model was used to simulate a comparable bionic digestion system by co-reacting feed, enzymatic additives (arazyme, mannanase, and xylanase, derived from the gut bacteria of Nephila clavata, Eisenia fetida, and Moechotypa diphysis, respectively), and gastrointestinal microbes, followed by an analysis of their correlations. A significant correlation was observed between exogenous enzyme supplementation and reduced VOC emissions in the fecal phase of continuous fermentation (p < 0.05). The concentration of VOCs decreased by 3.75 and 2.75 ppm in the treatment group following arazyme and multi-enzyme supplementation, respectively, compared to that in the control group (7.83 ppm). In addition, supplementation with arazyme and multiple enzymes significantly affected the microbial composition of each fermentation phase (p < 0.05). In particular, Lactiplantibacillus pentosus and Pediococcus pentosaceus, which changed in abundance according to arazyme or multi-enzyme supplementation, exhibited a positive relationship with VOC emissions. These results suggest that exogenous enzymes derived from invertebrate gut-associated bacteria can be efficiently applied as feed additives, leading to a reduction in VOC emissions.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2010

Membrane distillation process was used for purification of pre-treated natural water (tap water). The rejection of inorganic and organic compounds in this process was investigated. The obtained rejection of inorganic solutes was closed to 100%, but the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) diffused through the membrane together with water vapour. The content of trihalomethanes (THMs) in the obtained distillate was two-three fold higher than that in the feed, therefore, the rejection of the total organic compounds present in the tap water was reduced to a level of 98%. The intensive membranes scaling was observed during the water separation. The morphology and composition of the fouling layer was studied using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersion spectrometry. The influence of thermal water pre-treatment performed in a heat exchanger followed by filtration on the MD process effectiveness was evaluated. This procedure caused that significantly smaller amounts of $CaCO_3$ crystallites were deposited on the membrane surface, and a high permeate flux was maintained over a period of 160 h.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.363-370
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• 2001

In this study, TiO$_2$, the popular photocatalyst, was used to decompose ethanol. TiO$_2$was prepared by the sol -gel method and coated on pyrex stick. A 15W, UV-A lamp was used as the UV light source and il gas chromatography (HP 5890) was used to confirm the concentrations of ethanol, $CO_2$and the intermediates. Variation of preparation parameters and calcination temperature for TiO$_2$photocatalysts in the sol -gel method caused changes of ethanol decomposition activity. The best ethanol photodecomposition activity was obtained on the sample when prepared with 0.14 mol of HCI, a mol of ethanol and 1.3 mol of TTIP ware mixed in sol-gel process and calcinated at 50$0^{\circ}C$ for 3 hours. Acetaldehyde was detected as an intermediate and decomposed to carbon dioxide and water at the end of the reaction.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2000.11b
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• pp.715-719
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• 2000

It is reported that we are facing the serious environment pollution difficulties such as acid rain, green house effects, etc. The gaseous matter CO, NOx, SOx, VOCs which are regarded as main factors for these current pollutions are mainly emitted from power plants and vehicles. Therefore several leading countries are regulating the related laws strictly, especially exhaust emissions from a Diesel engine without an after treatment device. The Objective of this study is to find out NOx removal characteristics focused on emissions of a Diesel engine using radical at each engine speed and load. It is generated from outer air and put into a mixing chamber in the end of exhaust line. In addition, the optimum temperature condition to activate reaction by radical is experimentally carried out. Concentration of exhaust emissions is analyzed from the gas anlayzer(KaneMay) and FTIR to estimate by-products.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.101-108
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• 2000

In this study, we tested hybrid pilot system combined with soil vapor extraction and bioventing methods on the contaminated railroad soil. So, we found out the remediability and operating conditions. Air permeability(k) and gas phase(O$_2$/CO$_2$/VOCs) level trend are very important to determine the remediation rate of the contaminated sites. Throughout hybrid pilot test on different conditions, the range of air permeability(k) was 1985∼1194 darcy. The tests results in hybrid system was appropriate on this test sites, and the suitable injection air flow rate was 3.5㎥/hr. So, we suggested a basic data for the remediation and management of contaminated railroad soil.