• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.351-364
• /
• 2003

In this paper, we propose visual Impairment descriptions for MPEG-21 digital item adaptation. The proposed visual impairment descriptions include low vision impairment and color vision deficiency. It is symptom-based description so that the description is systematic enough to sufficiently describe user's any kind of visual impairment characteristics and easy enough to describe for any user with visual impairment. In this paper, we performed some experiments with the proposed description in MPEG-21 digital item adaptation. The experiments showed that the proposed description Is effective to adapt visual resources In digital item for users with visual impairment and to give enhanced visual accessibility to them.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
• /
• 1999.06a
• /
• pp.569-574
• /
• 1999

New methods for both color palette design and dithering based on human visual system (HVS) characteristics are proposed. Color quantization for palette design uses the relative visual sensitivity and spatial masking effect of HVS. The dithering operation for printing uses nonlinear quantization, which considers the overlapping phenomena among neighbor printing dots, and then a modified dot-diffusion algorithm is followed to compensate the degradation produced in the quantization process. The proposed techniques can produce high quality image in the low-bit color devices.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2002.08a
• /
• pp.1064-1067
• /
• 2002

The effects of different optical characteristics between desktop CRT and TFT-LCD were compared in terms of visual performance during a 4-hr visual text and icon search tasks. The result showed that CRT is more suitable for presenting graphic information whereas TFT-LCD is suitable for presenting text information at the state of the art display technology.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.121-133
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study is to recognize the differences of visual evaluation by variations in pattern and silhouette of the block dresses. The stimuli are 9 samples: 3 variations of the silhouette and 3 variations of the size of pattern. The data has been obtained from 55 fashion students and has been analyzed by using Factor Analysis, Anova, Scheffe's Test and the MCA method. The results of this study are as follows; 1) The visual evaluation by pattern and silhouette of block dresses are composed of 4 factors: lovable personality, physical characteristics, boldness, and simplicity. 2) Block dresses were evaluated to display the figure more efficiently, such as looking slimmer or taller, in the order of 2nd stage, 1st stage, and 3rd stage in every silhouette. As the patterns became bigger, straight silhouette dresses were judged to have bolder, more dignified images. 3) Block dresses were evaluated to have cute and lively images in order of hourglass silhouette, straight silhouette, and fitted silhouette in every pattern. They were evaluated to appear slimmer and taller in order of hourglass silhouette, fitted silhouette, and straight silhouette in every pattern. 1st stage and 2nd stage dresses were evaluated to have a bolder, more dignified image in order of fitted silhouette, hourglass silhouette, and straight silhouette. 4) The pattern and the silhouette of the block dresses interacted with boldness. These were the boldest, most dignified image in the fitted silhouette and 1st stage, while they were not judged so in the case of the straight silhouette and 1st stage. 5) According to the MCA regarding lovable personality and physical characteristics, the silhouette affected the visual image of the block dresses more than the pattern did. According to the MCA on simplicity, the pattern affected the visual image of the block dresses more than the silhouette.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
• /
• v.17 no.2_3
• /
• pp.87-97
• /
• 2003

The growth characteristics of creeping bentgrass seeded in the seaside landfill golf course are as follows. 1. As a result of analysis on the chemical characteristics of soil mixture used for turfgrass ground in this experiment, soil pH was 7.9, which is somewhat higher than the creeping bentgrass reference value of pH 5.5∼6.5; T-N(%) was 0.02, which is proper for the reference value, and trace element too lacked. 2. The cultivar with the fastest water infiltration was Seaside II recorded as 226.2cm/sec, while that with the slowest water infiltration was Pennlinks recorded as 141.1 cm/hr which was too faster than the USGA water infiltration reference value of 15∼30cm/hr. For the surface hardness of turfgrass ground with different cultivars, no statistically significant variation was found between the Penncross grass and the Pennlinks recorded as 18.6mm and 19.1 mm, respectively. The soil penetration was the highest in Pennlinks recorded as 7.6kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$ and lowest in Penn A-1 as 6.1kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$. 3. As a result of evaluation on visual quality at the early stage of growth, Penncross showed the most excellent visual quality compared to the others. However, Penn A-1 showed the most excellent visual quality at a late stage of growth around Sep. 17, 2003, and it was also excellent in the evaluation of visual color. Seaside II showed higher density around the root and the longest root length and was highly resistant to salt compared to others, but the initial sprouting rate was not satisfied, and the visual quality in the summer season was inferior to others. 4. As a result of measurement of the traffic injury, Penncross showed the most tolerant to the traffic stress and Pennlinks showed the most susceptible.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.100-109
• /
• 2008

Traffic accidents at night occur more than any other time because of improper road light facility and delineators. Therefore, cost-effective criteria of installing delineators are needed instead of expensive road light facility, especially, on rural road including light volume of traffic. This paper presents the criteria of installing 'Chevron Alignment Sign' considering driver's visual behavior characteristics and 'Raised Pavement Marker' considering critical encroachment angie of both straight section and curve one in order to reduce both the number of accidents on curve sections and the number of road encroachment accidents, respectively. The characteristics of visual behaviors can be expressed by visual angle involving curve radius and intersection angle. The estimated installing angles are $1^{\circ}{\sim}2.5^{\circ}$ by radii, which is based on changes in sensitivity across visual field by exogenous attention. Also, the raised pavement marker is installed every 2m, 3m, and 4m considering critical encroachment angles by radii.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.3-14
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study is to discuss the planning direction of educational spaces to support children's healthy and creative learning based on bio_philic theory. This study analyzed the characteristics of the application of biophilic patterns in children's education space through case analysis. The conclusion of this study is summarized as follows. As a result of the analysis of children's classroom space, the pattern of 'A(Visual connection with nature), F(Dynamic & Diffuse Light), K(Prospect)' shows high application rate, but the pattern of 'C(Non-Rhythmic Sensory Stimuli), G(Connection with Natural Systems), I(Material Connection with Nature)' shows low application rate. In particular, there is a lack of connection with patterns such as hearing, smell, touch, taste stimulation and water experience, and curiosity through exploration of nature about 'B(Non-visual connection with nature), E(Presence of Water), N(Risk/Peril)' changes in nature and ecosystem. In the corridor and rest space, the pattern of 'A(Visual connection with nature), D(Thermal & Airflow Variability), F(Dynamic & Diffuse Light), G(Connection with Natural Systems), K(Prospect)' shows high application rate, but 'B(Non-visual connection with nature)' shows low application rate. In addition, the application of patterns related to the stimulation of curiosity through direct exploration of nature and the exploration of the patterns of 'E(Presence of Water), N(Risk/Peril)' is insufficient. Therefore, in the case of classroom spaces, the active use of nature as it is should be considered within the scope that does not cause visual confusion, and it should provide an area that can be experienced through the five senses. And corridors and rest spaces should be designed to introduce more active natural elements as spaces to recover stress caused by learning. In other words, the characteristics of children's education facilities need to be connected between classroom space, corridor, rest space and external space. This study is meaningful in that it analyzes and derives the application characteristics of 'biophilic design' which affects the 'Attention Restoration' of children's educational spaces through foreign cases.

• Archives of design research
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.89-95
• /
• 1999

Carlo H. Sequin, a computer scientist, became to know a sculpture of subtle space construction which was created by Brent Collins, a sculptor, and introduced it as 'Visual Mathematics' in a journal. Sequin who was able to deduce a basic logic of the construction, has developed a software which can be used for virtual modeling merely by substituting simple numerical values using a computer and supplied it to Collins. The present author who was exposed to their collaboration works through series of their papers published in the journal, Leonardo, introduces the Collins' sculptures and the author's modeling procedures of animation works both of which show many common things in visual characteristics and modeling expansion method. The author investigates the mathematical characteristics which is used as a basic motive of modeling and then supplied as a principal visual characteristics of a material. 'Modeling Development by Principle Expansion,' in which the expansion is developed on the base of space twist as for Collins whereas the space section as for the present author, is introduced in this study. With the same stream of the mutual reaction in 'arts, sciences and technology' which has been stressed with the development of sciences and technology, this modeling technology is suggested as a research theme which has a possiblity of various applications.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2003.10a
• /
• pp.1553-1558
• /
• 2003

The authors investigate influences of manipulator dynamics on and roles of kinesthetic sensation and visual sensation in a Human-Machine Cooperative System (HMCS). At first, the general structure and essential transfer functions of HMCSs are described based on the previous work. Then, after showing theoretical treatment of manipulator dynamics, this paper analyzes the influences on HMCSs in two cases: one is the control design focusing on tool dynamics and reaction force transfer function, and the other is that specifies maneuver transfer function and transfer function for object dynamics variation. In addition to conventional experiments only employing kinesthetic sensation, other experiments with both kinesthetic and visual sensations are performed to examine difference in the roles of these sensations and the validity of the design without the visual sensation.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.57-64
• /
• 2008

The walls of art museums become the background of exhibits, and they form a unit space depending on the of each exhibit. In addition, the walls are configured and presented depending on the rhythm of space, or the structure of an axis. In this study, according to the axis composed for each unit space, the presentation methods of walls were classified as follows: The central type, the skewed type, the crossed type, the one-side corridor type, and the two-way corridor type. By analyzing visual configurations formed by the arrangement of each unit space, the value and the hierarchy of walls are discussed To analyze the classified types with the physical change of unit space, the factors of visual integration, connectivity, depth, and visual axis are compared, and various configurations of walls and space change are applied.