• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.347-353
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• 2006

This study was conducted to evaluate the vegetation structure and ordination of the Peucedanum japonicum Thunb. community by the Phytosociological method, floristic composition table on east coast of South Korea. The vegetation of Peucedanum japonicum Thunb. community was classified into 2 communities such as the Aster Spathulifolius community and the calystegia soldanella-Artemisia princeps community. Vegetation of the Peucedanum japonicum Thunb. community with the Aster spathulifolius community was shown southward, whereas vegetation of Peucedanum japonicum Thunb. community with the calystegia soldanella-Artemisia princeps community was shown northward from the base line of Pohang at North latitude of 36" 05'. Accordingly, the Peucedanum japonicum Thunb. community was grown commonly with the Aster spathulifolius community southward of the base line of Pohang, whereas it was grown commonly with the calystegia soldanella-Artemisia princeps community northward on the east coast. All environmental conditions of habitat taken together, the optimum habitat of Peucedanum japonicum Thunb. was at Ulsan geographically and the middle region of sea cliff topography, and was suitable for alkali. sandyloam.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.439-444
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• 2000

Forest vegetation in Mt. Jangan County Park, Jeonlabuk-Do, Korea, was investigated by classification and ordination methods. By the cluster analysis (classification) method, nine groups were recognized as follows : Quercus serrata community, Quercus serrata- Carpinus laxiflora community, Cornus controversa community, Fraxinus mandshurica community, Carpinus laxiflora community, Quereus variabilis community, Quercus mongolica - Sasa borealis community. Quercus mongolica - Symplocos chinensis for. pilosa community and Quercus mongolica - Rhododendron schlippenbachii community. These groups showed differences in species composition and environmental characteristics, but Quercus mongolica - Sasa borealis community, Quercus mongolica - Symplocos chinensis for. pilosa community and Quercus mongolica - Rhododendron schlippenbachii community among them showed very similar floristic composition to each other. The interrelationship between the floristic composition of the vegetation and environmental factors was analysed by principal component analysis (PCA). Quercus mongolica community was distributed at a high altitude (900～1200 m above sea level). Fraxinus mandshurica community and Cornus controversa community were differentiated from the other communities with high contents of soil moisture and pH. On the other hand, Carpinus laxiflora community and Quercus variabilis community were distributed at places with adequate levels of soil moisture, soil organic matter. and at low altitude. In this study, the altitude and soil moisture were the main factors determining the forest vegetation. They were strongly correlated with the dominant compositional gradient at the localities examined.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.57-73
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• 2020

A study was conducted to present the criteria for evaluating the revegetation method of the slope of the expressway. The results of comparative analysis between 2019-2020 field survey and existing research data (2015-2016) are as follows. Soil is a very important factor at the beginning of revegetation work. However, after the plant has settled, the importance of the soil composition diminishes. Among the plants used, the number of plants sown at the beginning gradually decreases. And it changes as it competes with invading plants. Among the plants used for sowing, it was found to affect the vegetation composition in the order of exotic grass > native herb and wildflower > native tree. Plant coverage is continuously evaluated as an important factor regardless of the time. The vegetation structure on the slope will change continuously over time. New items need to be evaluated in situations where a lot of time has elapsed since the application of revegetation work. It is desirable to use the current evaluation standard only to perform the evaluation within 1 to 2 years. In the long run, it is necessary to establish a new evaluation standard that adjusts the weights of each item.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.103 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate the changes understory vegetation composition (shrub and herb layers) in Mt. Gyebang as a northern-temperate deciduous broadleaf forest. Tracheophytes were 146 taxa, consisting 56 families, 93 genera, 124 species, 17 varieties, 3 forma, 2 sub-species and 1 unknown taxa in research subject area. As species area curve analysis, herbaceous layer and shrub species have been decreased over time. As a result of Mantel-test, basal area of upper layer affects to understory vegetation change (p<0.0001). Mean importance value was dominated Lindera obtusiloba (21.585%), Rhododendron schlippenbachii (19.774%) in the shrub layer, identified Sasa borealis (14.082%) and Lindera obtusiloba (7.921%) in the herb layer. According to NMS analysis of shrub layer, Species characterized by strong correlation have been reduced as time goes by. And it reports different species as an increasing in basal area of the upper layer. Herb layer plots of the NMS analysis, Rhododendron schlippenbachii and Rhododendron mucronulatum consistently were affected in shrub layer. In consequence of MRPP-test for changes in vegetation composition, It was analyzed that there are no significant differences for vegetation composition changes on shrub layer in 5-10 years. As a changes of vegetation composition on herb layer were analyzed significantly, composition change of herb layer species was larger than shrub layer species in understory vegetation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.29-45
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• 2022

For biodiversity conservation, the importance of beta-diversity which is changes in the composition of species according to environmental changes has become emphasized. However, given the systematic investigation of species distribution and the accumulation of large amounts of data in the Republic of Korea(ROK), research on the spatialization of beta-diversity using them is insufficient. Accordingly, this research investigated the applicability of the Generalized Dissimilarity Modeling(GDM) to ROK, which can predict and map the similarity of compositional turnover (beta-diversity) based on environmental variables. A brief overview of the statistical description on using GDM was presented, and a model was fitted using the flora distribution data(410,621points) from the National Ecosystem Survey and various environmental spatial data including climate, soil, topography, and land cover. Procedures and appropriated spatial units required to improve the explanatory power of the model were presented. As a result, it was found that geographical distance, temperature annual range, summer temperature, winter precipitation, and soil factors affect the dissimilarity of the vegetation community composition. In addition, as a result of predicting the similarity of vegetation composition across the nation, and classifying them into 20 and 100 zones, the similarity was high mainly in the central inland area, and tends to decrease toward the mountainous areas, southern coastal regions, and island including Jeju island, which means the composition of the vegetation community is unique and beta diversity is high. In addition, it was identified that the number of common species between zones decreased as the geographic distance between zones increased. It classified the spatial distribution of plant community composition in a quantitative and objective way, but additional research and verification are needed for practical application. It is expected that research on community-level biodiversity modeling in the ROK will be conducted more actively based on this study.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.94-104
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• 2018

The Soyangho Reservoir in Korea has a large drawdown zone, with an annual maximum water level fluctuation of 37 m due to dam operations to maintain a stable water supply and control flooding, especially during the monsoon period. The floristic composition, distribution and biomass of the major plant communities in the drawdown zone of the Soyangho Reservoir were assessed in order to understand their responses to the wide water level fluctuation. Species richness of vascular plants was low, and species composition was dominated by herbaceous annuals. Principal coordinates analysis using both flora and environmental data identified slope angle and the distance from the dam as important factors determining floristic composition. The species richness was low in the steep drawdown zone close to the dam, where much of the soil surface was almost devoid of vegetation. In shallower slopes, distant from the dam plant communities composed of mainly annuals were found. The large fluctuation in water level exposed soil where these annuals could establish. An overall biomass of 122 t (metric tons) Dry Matter was estimated for the reservoir, containing ca 3.6 t N (nitrogen) and ca 0.3 t P (phosphorus); the role of the vegetation of the drawdown zone in carbon sequestration and water pollution were briefly discussed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.95 no.3
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• pp.282-290
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• 2006

Forest vegetation types were studied by the phytosociological investigation and the TWINSPAN method in Ulleung Island, Korea. Two hundred thirty-two releves were sampled with $100m^2$ plots. Two main vegetation types, the mountain forest(Acer okamotoanum community group) and maritime forest(Artemisia scoparia community group), have been distinguished and typified twenty-two vegetation units. The former was divided in 4 communities, 11 groups and 7 subgroups. The latter was 2 communities and 5 groups. In a case of life-forms of mountain and maritime vegetation type, the composition ratio of species that had featured trees and herbs, hemicrypthophyte, a seed dispersion-type by wind or nature falling and erection form was high in the mountain vegetation type. Species that had featured shrubs, chamaephyte, disseminated mainly by a wind in the herbs, and animals and man or no special modification in the woody, narrowest extent of rhizomatous growth and the clonal growth by stolons and struck roots and procumbent form were abundantly distributed in the maritime bluff vegetation type. Particularly, the composition ratio of Sambucus sieboldiana var. pendula community(A6), disturbed vegetation type of middle-lower slope of mountain, that had featured a seed dispersion-type by wind, moderate and narrowest extent of rhizomatous growth and Tussock form was high.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.69-78
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is on identifying vegetation change through monitoring representative complementary village forests according to different management. For this, two of complementary village forests around Mai mountain which many ones remain were selected. Those are complementary village forests of Seochon and Wonyeonjang. Seochon forest is a representative one which is managed naturally and Wonyeonjang one is a representative one which is managed artificially. The field survey for monitoring was preformed in 2002 and 2007, 2016. D(Dominant degree) and S(Sociability degree) were measured by Brown-Blanquet's method in field survey. Through the analysis and review of survey data, the change of species richness, appearing species characteristics, species composition and layer structure etc. according to different management was monitored. As a result, it can be seen that natural succession has increased species diversity, improved vegetation structure and circulation of complementary village forest. On the other hand, excessive anthropomorphic management was found to be detrimental to the health of the forests and to the vegetation structure and species composition. And it was found that excessive management threaten sustainability and periodical proper management is necessary. Through this review, the useful management direction of complementary village forests was suggested.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.303-310
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• 2005

Vegetation composition and structure of forest community around Mt. Kumbong, Uiseong-Gun, Korea, were studied using a qualitative and a quantitative approach. Vegetation types and various ecological characteristics including constancy classes, relative coverage, species diversity and interspecific similarity of the major component species were analyzed. Seventy relatives were sampled in $100 m^2$ plots. Forest communities were grouped into mountain vegetation and lower-valley vegetation. The former were divided into 3 communities (Quercus mongolica, Quercus variabilis and Quercus dentata communities). The latter was an Acer mono community. Vegetation units were classified into ten groups. Woody vegetation coverage was $50\~65\%$. The lower-valley vegetation type showed from $2.06\pm0.25\;to\;2.31\pm0.26$ in the species diversity. The species showing interspecific similarity over 0.5 with Quercus mongolica appeared to be Pinus densiflora, Quercus dentata and Tilia amurensis in the tree and subtree layer, and Lindera obtusiloba, Fraxinus sieboldiana, Carex humilis and Carex siderostica in the shrub and herb layer, The species showing higher interspecific similarity with Acer mono were Cornus controversa and Ulmus davidiana in the tree and subtree layer, and Philadelphus schrenchkii and Aristolochia manshuriensis in the shrub and herb layer.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.188-201
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• 2017

Based on a total of 272 vegetation data collected by the ZM school phytosociological study method, the composition and structural characteristics of the forest vegetation in the Sogwang-ri forest genetic resource reservoir located in Uljin-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do were compared using the table comparison method and the TWINSPAN method, And their ecological characteristics were analyzed. The types of forest vegetation were classified into 7 types, and it was divided into two major groups, 'Slope and Ridge type', which characterized by Quercus mongolica, Pinus densiflora for. erecta, Lespedeza bicolor etc. and 'valley and concave slope', which characterized by Cornus controversa, Fraxinus mandshurica, Morus bombycis, Hydrangea serrata for. acuminata etc. The hierarchy of the vegetation unit was 2 community groups, 4 communities, and 6 subcommunities. The structural characteristics such as the total percent cover, species importance value, species diversity of the constituent species per unit area($/100m^2$) of each type of forest vegetation were also identified. In order to understand the spatial distribution of forest vegetation, 1/5,000 large-scale physiognomic vegetation map was created by the uppermost dominant species. The composition and structural characteristics of Geumgang pine(P. densiflora for. erecta) forest, which is a core community of protected area by natural and anthropogenic influences, appear as a subtype of Quercus mongolica forest, which is a potential natural vegetation, Appropriate maintenance measures seemed urgently needed.