• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.410-412
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• 2005

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a gram-negative bacterium which acts as a causative agent for food poisoning. Studies with respect to specific extracellular proteins of V. parahaemolyticus would be useful for the development of specific detection methods against V. parahaemolyticus. In our present study, outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of V. parahaemolyticus were obtained from insoluble traction of 1% sarkosyl treated-cell wall materials. SDS-PAGE analysis showed the presence of several conserved outer membrane proteins among five strains of V. parahaemolyticus, and three bands were identified as V. parahaemolyticus OMPs through MALDI-TOF analysis. Polyclonal antibodies enriched with anti-OmpU were obtained from immunized rabbits. The antibodies against these proteins may be useful for the development of detection methods for V. parahaemolyticus.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.740-744
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• 2014

In this study, the ${\beta}$-lactamase (VPA0477) gene was used as a new target for the PCR-based detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Primers specific for the ${\beta}$-lactamase (VPA0477) gene of V. parahaemolyticus, were designed and incorporated into a PCR-based assay. The assay was able to specifically detect all of the 191 V. parahaemolyticus strains tested, but did not result in amplification of 39 other Vibrio spp. and non-Vibrio spp. strains tested. The detection limit of the assay was 10 CFU of V. parahaemolyticus RIMD2210633 from pure culture broth. The ${\beta}$-lactamase (VPA0477) gene-based assay developed in this study was sensitive and specific, and has great potential for the accurate detection and identification of V. parahaemolyticus in seawater or seafood samples.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.94-102
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• 2003

This study was carried out to investigated the distribution and characteristics of Vibrio spp. isolated from fish and shellfish, seawater and brackish water samples collected from Pohang, Uljin, Yeongduk and Gyeongju in Gyeongbuk Province from April 2000 to October 2000. Total 155 strains of genus Vibrio were isolated from 439 collected samples, and numbers of isolated strains of V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus were 140 and 15, respectively. The isolation rate from the samples collected in Pohang was the highest as 41.5% (76 strains), and wat the highest as 71.4% (30 strains) in brackish water, and was the highest as 55.7% (34 strains) in August. And the optimal pH, temperature, and NaCl concentration for growth of V. parahaemolyticus and V. cholerae were 8.0, 3$0^{\circ}C$ and 2.0％, respectively. In a resistance test for environmental factors, heat and cold resistants of V. parahaemolyticus were higher than those of V. vulnificus, withstanding for 15 minutes at 6$0^{\circ}C$ and 6 days at -18$^{\circ}C$. The pH range for existence of V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus were 4.5~l1.0 and 4.5~10.0, showing the similar resistance to pH. V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus could grow in media containing up to 10.0% and 7.0% NaCl, respectively, Salt-tolerance of V. parahaemolyticus was higher than that of V. vulnificus. In an antibiotics sensitivity test against 16 strains of V. parahaemolyticus, twelve strains were resistant to ampicillin, eight strains were resistant to cephalothin. one strain was resistant to streptomycin, and one strain was resistant to ticarcillin.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2004

The enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR is a recently described DNA fingerprinting technique based on amplification of repetitive element distributed in bacteria. We applied of ERIC-PCR to clinical isolates of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and other bacteria associated diarrhea. Twenty isolates of V. parahaemolyticus were used for intragenic genotyping, which were isolated from 2001 to 2002 in Chungbuk National University hospital. For interspecies genotyping, V. vulnificus, V. alginolyticus, V. parahaemolyticus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Shigella spp. were used. The genotyping were analyzed by ERIC-PCR. The genotyping of V. parahaemolyticus were grouped two major pattern (A, B) and were subdivided into 10 subtypes (A1, A2, B1-B8) by ERIC-PCR. These method distinctly differentiated bacterial species associated diarrhea. Those results show that ERIC-PCR can be reliable and efficient method for genotyping of V. parahaemolyticus and bacteria associated diarrhea.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.1423-1431
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• 2012

The inhibitory effect of IgY against Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus responsible for seafood-borne diseases was investigated in this study. Water-soluble fractions (WSF) of protein containing IgYs were isolated from the egg yolk of hens initially immunized with formalin-inactivated V. parahaemolyticus or V. vulnificus. Protein, total and specific IgY contents of the WSF were determined. The inhibitory and protective effects of IgYs on the growth of V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus were assayed in liquid medium and in mice. IgYs showed high affinity to their corresponding antigens with high titer from day 28 onwards. Protein contents and total IgY concentrations remained stable throughout the immunization period, whereas specific IgY concentrations increased steadily and reached a plateau at day 49. Specific IgY powder (150 mg/ml) significantly inhibited further multiplication of both V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus in liquid medium as compared with the control IgY. The bacteria count in mice feces was lower in mice pretreated with specific IgYs than in those pretreated with PBS or control IgY. Higher survival of mice was observed in the experimental groups pretreated with either anti-V. parahaemolyticus (75% survival) or anti-V. vulnificus (87% survival) IgYs, compared with those in the control groups pretreated with PBS or nonspecific IgY. All mice in the control groups died within three days after bacteria inoculation; hence, the protective effect of specific IgYs against infection caused by V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus was demonstrated.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.3.1-3.10
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• 2018

Background: Vibrio parahaemolyticus is one of the most common causes of seafood-borne illnesses in Korea, either directly or indirectly, by consuming infected seafood. Many studies have demonstrated the antibiotic susceptibility profile of V. parahaemolyticus. This strain has developed multiple antibiotic resistance, which has raised serious public health and economic concerns. This article reviews the food-borne outbreaks, distributions, virulence, and antibiotic resistance profiles of V. parahaemolyticus in Korea during 2003-2016. Main body: V. parahaemolyticus infections appeared to be seasonally dependent, because 69.7% of patient infections occurred in both August and September during 2003-2016. In addition, the occurrence of V. parahaemolyticus in marine environments varies seasonally but is particularly high in July, August, and September. V. parahaemolyticus isolated from aquaculture sources on the Korean coast varied in association with virulence genes, some did not possess either the tdh (thermostable direct hemolysin) or trh (tdh-related hemolysin) genes, and a few were positive for only the trh gene or both genes. The high percentage of ampicillin resistance against V. parahaemolyticus in the aquatic environment suggests that ampicillin cannot be used to effectively treat infections caused by this organism. Short conclusion: This study shows that the observed high percentage of multiple antibiotic resistance to V. parahaemolyticus is due to conventionally used antibiotics. Therefore, monitoring the antimicrobial resistance patterns at a national level and other solutions are needed to control aquaculture infections, ensure seafood safety, and avoid threats to public health caused by massive misuse of antibiotics.

• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 1983

The author studied on the distribution of V. parahaemolyticus among sea water, sea mud, and various marine products in Jeju, Keoje, Namhae, Yockji, Busan, and Masan on the southern seas of Korea from winter in 1981 to summer in 1982. The author studies for the isolated strains to bacteriological identification Kanagawa phenomenon(hemolytic activity) on Modified Wagatuma blood agar plates and serotypes with anti V. parahaemolyticus. The results obtained were as follows:. 1. V. parahaemolyticus was isolated in 713 strains(28.3%) among 2519 total specimens of sea water, sea mud, and various marine products. 2. The isolation rates of V. parahaemolyticus in summer season were higher than in spring and winter season. Above results were 304 strains(32.6%) among 932 specimens in summer, 160 strains (28.1%) among 570 specimens in spring, 149 strains(14.6%) among 1017 specimens in winter, respectively. 3. The hemolysis on Modified Wagatuma agar added human erythrocytes was 66.0% of positive Kanagawa phenomenon, and was 34.0% of negative Kanagawa phenomenon, respectively. 4. The distributions of serotypes of V. parahaemolyticus isolated were from KI to K VIII of K pooling antisera. The results were 6 strains(6.6%) on K 1 of K I, 14 strains(l5.5%) on K 17 of K II, 26 strains(28.8%) on K 28 of K IV. 10 strains(11.1%) on K 32 of KV, 4 strains(4.4%) on K 39 of KV, 8 strains(8.8%) on K 42 of K VI, 2 strains(2.2%) on K 48 of K VII, 1 strain(1.1%) on K 50 of K II and 7 strains(7.7%) on K 55 of K VII, respectively. 5. V. parahaemolyticus was more frequently isolated from sea mud than sea water and various marine prdoucts in winter season. 6. There was no great difference as far as the distribution of V. parahaemolyticus concerned in Jeju, Keoje, Namhae, Yockji, Busan and Masan of the southern seas of Korea.

• 환경생물
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.34-41
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• 2007

제주도내 주요 해안지역인 화북, 삼양, 대포, 중문, 표선, 안덕, 애월, 곽지에서 생산되는 해수, 갯벌, 해산물 등에서 2002년 1월부터 12월까지 V. parahaemolyticus 분포상황을 조사하였다 가검물은 총 2,880건으로 각각 해수 960건, 갯벌 960건, 해산물 960건이었으며, 분리된 V. parahaemolyticus에 대하여 생화학적, 혈청학적 실험을 실시하였다. 총가검물 2,880건에 대한 분리 동정에서 417건(14.5%)이 분리되었다. 0.85% NaCl용액을 희석 액으로 사용하여 API 20E kit를 이용한 V. parahaemolyticus 100균주의 중요한 생화학적 특성은 전 균주가 lysine, ornithine, indole, glucose, mannitol은 양성반응을 보였고, ONPG, arginine, Sodium citrate, $H_2S$, urea, tryptophane, VP, inositol, sorbitol, rhamnose, sucrose, melibiose 반응에서 음성반응을 보였고, gelatin, amygdalin, arabinose 반응에서 음성 혹은 양성반응을 보였다. 검체별 분리율은 해수가 960건 중 161건(16.8%), 갯벌이 960건 중 137건(14.3%), 해산물이 960건 중 119건(12.4%)이었다. 지역별 분리율은 화북 14.4%(52/360), 삼양 15.3%(55/360), 대포 13.6%(49/360), 중문 18.3%(66/360), 표선 13.1%(47/360), 안덕 16.4% (59/360), 애월 12.5% (45/360), 곽지 12.2% (44/360)이었다. 분리된 V. parahaemolyticus 417균주를 대상으로 지역별, 검체별 분포를 조사한 결과 중문 지역이 18.3%(66/360)로 가장 높았고, 검체별로는 해수가 16.8% (161/960)로 가장 높았다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.209-213
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• 2009

This study was carried out to investigate the distribution of V. parahaemolyticus in Incheon adjacent sea, and anti-microbial effect on growth of V. parahaemolyticus in organic acid. The detected strains were compared for geography, months and sample types. V. parahaemolyticus was detected form 28.5 percent of 287 samples collected from Incheon area, and 34.7 percent of 91 samples collected in the months of July through September, and 24.7 percent of 279 shellfish samples respectively. The minimun inhibitory concentration(MIC) of organic acid in V. parahaemolyticus were 1,250ppm at propionic acid, citric acid and acetic acid, 2,500ppm at vanillic acid, respectively. MICs of combined treatment of acetic acid and vanillic acid, citric acid and vanillic acid, propionic acid and vanillic acid were 1,250 ppm. MICs of combined treatment of citric acid and acetic acid, propionic acid and acetic acid, propionic acid and citric acid was 12.5ppm. The antimicrobial effect of organic acid in V. parahaemolyticus was confirmed from the result of this experiment.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.752-760
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• 2020

Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND), previously known as early mortality syndrome (EMS), is an emerging disease in shrimp caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Some V. parahaemolyticus strains are associated with foodborne diseases in humans. To date, studies on the relationship between AHPND and pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus are very limited. In this study, we monitored the thermostable direct hemolysin-related hemolysin (trh) gene and AHPND-related genes, such as Photorhabdus insect-related (pir) genes, in 892 strains of V. parahaemolyticus isolated and identified in 24 areas of the West Coast of Korea from May to October 2019. The trh gene was detected in 9.6% of the isolates from short neck clam samples. However, the pirA and pirB genes related to AHPND were not found in any of the isolates despite using both duplex and nested PCR assays, suggesting that AHPND-related genes were nonexistent in the V. parahaemolyticus strains isolated. This study contributes to the current understanding of the relationship between AHPND and V. parahaemolyticus in Korea, as well as provides data on spatial and seasonal distributions of V. parahaemolyticus.