• 대한약리학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.128-134
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• 1986

hydrochlorothiazide의 이뇨작용과 cyclic nucleotides와의 관계를 알아보기 위해 신조직내cyclic nucleotides 함량과 adenylate cyclase 및 guanylate cyclase 활성에 대한 hydrochlorothiazide의 영향을 관찰하였다. hydrochlorothiazide를 정맥내 투여시 약물투여 후 10분과 20분 사이에서 이뇨작용이 가장 강하게 나타났으며 60분 경과시는 이뇨작용이 소실되었다. 신조직 내 CAMP 함량은 약물투여 후 5분과 15분에 유의하게 감소되었으며 60분 경과시는 대조군과 차이가 없었다. 신조직내 cGMP 함량은 hydrochlorothiazide에 의해 영향받지 않았다. 신조직의 adenylate cyclase는 hydrochlorothiazide에 의해 활성이 억제되었으며 guanylate cyclase는 영향받지 않았다. 이상의 결과는 hydrochlorothiazide의 이뇨작용에 cAMP가 어떤 관련성을 가질 것을 시사하며 cGMP는 관련성이 없는 것으로 사료된다.

• E2M - 전기 전자와 첨단 소재
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.134-140
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• 1997

PbTiO$_{3}$-PbZrO$_{3}$-Pb(Ni$_{1}$3/Nb $_{2}$3/O$_{3}$)(PZT-PNN) thin films were prepared from corresponding metal organics partially stabilized with diethanolamine by the sol-gel spin coating method. Each mol rates of PT:PZ:PNN solutions were #1(50:40:10), #2(50:30:20), #3(45:35:20) and #4(40:40:20), respectively. The spin-coated PZT-PNN films were sintered at the temperature from 500.deg. C to 600.deg. C for crystallization. The P-E hysteresis curve was drawn by Sawyer-Tower circuit with PZT-PNN film. The coercive field and the remanent polarization of #4(40:40:20 mol%) PZT-PNN film were 28.8 kV/cm and 18.3 .mu.C/cm$^{2}$, respectively. Their dielectric constants were shown between 128 and 1120, and became maximum value in MPB(40:40:20 mol%). The leakage currents of PZT-PNN films were about 9.4x 10$^{-8}$ A/cm$^{2}$, and the breakdown voltages were about 0.14 and 1.1 MV/cm. The Curie point of #3(45:35:20 mol%, sintered at 600.deg. C) film was 330.deg. C.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.202-212
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• 2014

ClC-1 is a member of a large family of voltage-gated chloride channels, abundantly expressed in human skeletal muscle. Mutations in ClC-1 are associated with myotonia congenita (MC) and result in loss of regulation of membrane excitability in skeletal muscle. We studied the electrophysiological characteristics of six mutants found among Korean MC patients, using patch clamp methods in HEK293 cells. Here, we found that the autosomal dominant mutants S189C and P480S displayed reduced chloride conductances compared to WT. Autosomal recessive mutant M128I did not show a typical rapid deactivation of Cl- currents. While sporadic mutant G523D displayed sustained activation of $Cl^-$ currents in the whole cell traces, the other sporadic mutants, M373L and M609K, demonstrated rapid deactivations. $V_{1/2}$ of these mutants was shifted to more depolarizing potentials. In order to identify potential effects on gating processes, slow and fast gating was analyzed for each mutant. We show that slow gating of the mutants tends to be shifted toward more positive potentials in comparison to WT. Collectively, these six mutants found among Korean patients demonstrated modifications of channel gating behaviors and reduced chloride conductances that likely contribute to the physiologic changes of MC.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.330-335
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• 2000

Objective : The purpose of this report is to assess the morbidity and mortality associated with clipping of intracranial unruptured aneurysms. Methods : At the authors' institution between May 1989 and December 1998, a total of 128 unruptured aneurysms in 110 patients were treated with surgical clippings. The medical records and neuroimaging studies of the patients were reviewed retrospectively. Results : The main locations of the aneurysms were : middle cerebral artery 31%, internal carotid-posterior communicating artery 28%, anterior communicating artery 16%, paraclinoid 6.5%, internal carotid-anterior choroidal artery 7%, posterior circulation 7%. Forty three percent of the aneurysms were symptomatic and 57% asymptomatic. The overall outcome of the surgery was : Glasgow outcome scale(GOS) I 86%, GOS II 6%, GOS III 4.3%, GOS IV 0% and GOS V(death) 3.5%. The operative risk is higher for large to giant aneurysms, and for aneurysms in posterior circulations. Patients with non-giant aneurysm in anterior circulation showed no mortality, but morbidity of 8.2%, and in posterior circulation : 25% of mortality and 75% of morbidity. Patients with giant anterior circulation aneurysm have 22% of mortality and 22% of morbidity. For patients with giant posterior circulation aneurysm, mortality and morbidity were 25% and 25%, respectively. The postoperative deaths were related to occlusion of the major parent artery in 3 cases(75%). The postoperative morbidity was related to occlusion of artery(9/13), intraoperative rupture(3/13), and cranial nerve injury(1/13). Conclusion : This report documents 3.5% mortality and 13% of morbidity in the clipping surgery for unruptured intracranial aneurysms, and the relatively low risk of surgical clipping in non-giant and those located in anterior circulation. The natural history, especially risk of bleeding, of the unruptured intracranial aneurysms is still controversial. However, with respect to surgical results, unruptured non-giant aneurysm located in anterior circulation should be operated in patients with low risk.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.128-135
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• 2023

Background: Pneumonia caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome, often requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation and eventually tracheostomy. Both procedures occur in isolation units where personal protective equipment is needed. Additionally, the high bleeding risk in patients with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) places a great strain on surgeons. We investigated the clinical characteristics and outcomes of percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) supported by ECMO, and compared the outcomes of patients with and without ECMO. Methods: This retrospective, single-center, observational study included patients with severe COVID-19 who underwent elective PDT (n=29) from April 1, 2020, to October 31, 2021. The patients were divided into ECMO and non-ECMO groups. Data were collected from electronic medical records at Ajou University Hospital in Suwon, Korea. Results: Twenty-nine COVID-19 patients underwent PDT (24 men [82.8%] and 5 women [17.2%]; median age, 61 years; range, 26-87 years; interquartile range, 54-71 years). The mean procedure time was 17±10.07 minutes. No clinically or statistically significant difference in procedure time was noted between the ECMO and non-ECMO groups (16.35±7.34 vs. 18.25±13.32, p=0.661). Overall, 12 patients (41.4%) had minor complications; 10 had mild subdermal bleeding from the skin incision, which was resolved with local gauze packing, and 2 (6.9%) had dislodgement. No healthcare provider infection was reported. Conclusion: Our PDT approach is safe for patients and healthcare providers. With bronchoscopy assistance, PDT can be performed quickly and easily even in isolation units and with acceptable risk, regardless of the hypo-coagulable condition of patients on ECMO.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2024

Unwanted effects of electrostatic phenomena occur in various industries. Electrostatic problems originating from the human body in flammable atmospheres in the industry are especially concerning. A substantial volume of experimental data on the electrostatic charging voltages created on the human body owing to the rubbing of apparel were generated and reviewed during this study. The data were reviewed to determine whether the resultant charging levels of the human body are hazardous in flammable atmospheres. This study was conducted under several conditions, such as different fiber types used in apparel, shoe types, and relative humidities (RHs). The following conclusions were drawn in this study. ① The electrostatic charging levels of the human body owing to the rubbing of apparel increase with the increase in the surface resistances of apparel; however, the electrostatic charging levels may be different depending on the condition of the cloth surface. ② The discharging energy of 1.98-18.5 [mJ] from the human body exceeds the minimum ignition energy of most flammable materials, when removing an overcoat made of polyester, cotton and wool under severe conditions such as wearing height-raising shoes for men. ③ When removing antistatic apparel, the maximum discharging energy of 0.128 mJ from the human body is dangerous if the minimum ignition energy of the flammable material is between 10^-5-10^-4 [J] Grade; however, a minimum ignition energy of 10^-3 J Grade of the flammable material is considered safe. ④ While wearing antistatic shoes, the electrostatic charging voltage generated in the human body when removing an overcoat is 30 V; therefore, wearing such shoes is a suitable countermeasure when handling flammable materials. However, the antistatic abilities of shoes reduce when thick socks are worn. ⑤ As RH increases, the electrostatic charging levels of the human body decrease. ⑥ The electrostatic charging levels of the human body from removing a cotton overcoat can ignite the majority of flammable materials when RH is less than 30% under severe conditions such as wearing height-raising shoes for men.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.121-128
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the level of each metal in non-precious metal alloys dental casting, still used even banned for use and trade by the law, for oral health. Methods: Two kinds of metal alloys were analyzed. One was Ticonium 100 for removable prosthesis and the other was Rexillium V for dental porcelain. Two samples of each metal alloy were made in 0.5g, 1.0g, and 1.5g. Total number of samples were 12. Two kinds of lactic acid Solution, pH7 and pH4.6, were injected into each samples. After injection, each samples had been for 21days ${\pm}$ 1 hour in the water tank of which temperature was $37^{\circ}C$. The level of metal was measured in each sample by inductively couplled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer. Results: In both metal alloys, metals, chrome, nickel, beryllium, and molybdenum, were founded. In Ticonium 1000, the highest level of nickel was 2.531ppm in 1.5g pH4.6 sample while the highest level of nickel was 4.062ppm in 1.5g pH4.6 sample of Rexillium V. In chemical composition of these methal alloys, chrome(14~17%) was much more than beryllium(1.95~1.99%) and molybdenum(5.0~9.0%) but berllium and molybdenum were founded more than chrome in samples. Therefore, chrome showed better anti-corrosion than other metal alloys. In both metal alloys, more metals were founded in higher pH level and more mass. Levels of chrome was significantly different in samples of both metal alloys in each pH level(p<0.05). Levels of nickels was significantly different in samples of both metal alloys in each pH level(p<0.05). Conclusion: For oral health, further studies are needed in nickel-chrome metal alloy and cobalt metal alloy of non-beryllium in addittion to beryllium metal alloy and also long-term studies needed in various period and other non-percious metal alloys for dental casting.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.83-88
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• 2008

보조생식술 시행 후 혈전색전증의 발생은 매우 드물기는 하나 치명적인 합병증이다. 과배란 유도시 중증 난소 과자극 증후군은 $0.1{\sim}0.5%$에서 발생하며, 중증 난소 과자극증후군 환자의 128명 중 한 명에서 혈전색전증이 발생하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 발병기전으로는 과배란 유도에 따른 고에스트로젠 혈증에 의한 혈액응고인자의 변화, 혈관 투과성의 증가에 따른 혈액농축 및 순환혈액의 감소 등을 원인으로 추정하고 있으나 그 정확한 기전은 알려진 바가 없다. 또한 thrombophilia나, 혈전색전증의 과거력 및 가족력이 있는 경우 발병율이 증가한다. 혈전증의 발생 부위는 정맥이 67%이나, 33%는 동맥에 발병하며 주로 뇌동맥에 발생된다고 보고되었다. 본 예는 3년간의 이차성 불임을 주소로 내원하여 시험관 아기시술을 시행하였으며 hCG 투여 8일 후 난소 과자극증후군이 중등도로 발생하였다. hCG 투여 후 11일째 갑작스런 의식 소실 및 우측 상지의 운동장애가 발생하여 시행한 MRI상 뇌바닥동맥 (basilar a.) 혈전증으로 진단되었으며, 혈관내 혈전 용해술 및 풍선 확장술 시행후 재관류에 성공하였다. 시술 2일 후 의식 및 운동장애는 완전히 회복되었으며 시술 7일 후 말더듬증 역시 회복되어 후유장애 없이 건강한 상태이다. Thrombophilic study상 Protein S결핍 소견을 보였고, 또한 vWF-associated Ag.이 증가된 양상을 보였다. 지금까지 국내에서 난소 과자극증후군 이후에 발생한 뇌경색은 5예가 보고되었으며, 이중 4예에서 protein S deficiency 소견을 보였으므로 선별 검사로 유용할 것으로 사료된다. 저자 등은 3년간의 이차성 불임을 주소로 내원한 33세 환자에서 시험관 아기시술시 hCG 투여 11일째에 발생한 뇌바닥동맥 혈전증을 간단한 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.119-128
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• 2013

A protease inhibitor was fractionated from fish eggs using methods based on protein solubility. Fractionation efficiency was evaluated with regard to percent recovery and total inhibitory activity (U). The fractionation of protease inhibitor (PI) from egg extracts of skipjack tuna (ST, Katsuwonus pelamis), yellowfin tuna (YT, Thunnus albacores), and Alaska pollock (AP, Theragra chalcogramma) was performed by precipitation with cold acetone or ammonium sulfate (AS). Fractions exhibiting the strongest inhibitory activity contained 20-40% (v/v) cold acetone or 40-60% saturated AS fractions. AS fractionation was more effective in isolating PI than was precipitation with acetone. The total inhibitory activity and percent recovery of fraction obtained with AS 40-60% toward trypsin and $N{\alpha}$-benzoyl-L-arginine-p-nitroanilide (BAPNA) were 4,976 U and 24.2% for ST, 3,331 U and 38.1% for YT, and 4,750 U and 43.8% for AP, respectively. In comparisons against six commercial proteases, 40-80% AS fractions, made by combining the 40-60% and 60-80% AS fractions from fish egg extract, exhibited the strongest inhibition of trypsin when using a casein substrate. These results suggest that fish eggs act as serine protease inhibitors and may be useful for protease inhibition in foodstuffs.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.128-138
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• 2009

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to make a survey on the oriental medical care and to enlarge the domain of oriental medical treatment concerning facial paralysis. Methods : From May 2008 to April 2009, a clinical study was done on 100 inpatients who were diagnosed and treated as facial nerve paralysis at Mok-dong Oriental Medicine Hospital, Dong-shin University Results : The result were as the following 1. The distribution of sex: male 35%, female 65%. The distribution of age was disclosed that fifty was the most in 22 cases(22%). 2. The distribution of the region of facial palsy: Lt 58%(male 23%, female 35%) Rt 41%(male 11%, female 30%) 3. In distribution of contributing frequence in month, June was the most in number(12%) and in season, spring, summer, winter were the same percentage(26%). 4. In distribution of cause, stress(34%), excessive labor(25%), unknown(22%) were investigated higher than other conditions. 5. The distribution of past history: hypertension 14%, diabetes mellitus 4%, both(hypertension, diabetes mellitus) 6% 6. The distribution of period before admission: within a week 80%, 1$\sim$2 week 8%, 3$\sim$4 week 6% in order. 7. The distribution of attended symptoms: mastoid pain 43 cases, dryness of eye 26 cases, tearing 22 cases, headache 12 cases, dizziness 9 cases in order. 8. Other offices patients visited before coming to this clinic: oriental clinic or hospital 35%, local clinic or hospital 29%, none 26%, both(oriental clinic & local clinic) 10%. 9. The distribution of House-Brackmann grade on admission: Gr III 38%, Gr IV 26%, Gr II 22%, Gr V 14% in order. 10. The distribution of House-Brackmann grade on discharge: Gr II 34%, Gr I 32%, Gr III 22%, Gr V 7%, Gr IV 5% in order.