• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.473-479
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• 2013

This paper introduces user intervention to control simulation states during the execution of a simulation for military engagements. In an engagement simulation, it covers both a discrete event system and a continuous state system. Thus a system for the engagement simulation can have numerous simulation states, because there are lots of factors to decide states of an engagement that are derived during an execution of the simulation (e. g. detection probability, moving speed, moving path, and so on). It means both a result and progression of simulations are important outputs. Configuration of an engagement simulation scenario and expectation of simulation states, though, is hindered by the number of generate-able states. In order to solve the obstacle, the engagement simulation system should be controllable by user intervention during a simulation execution. This paper is to define objects of user intervention, and to design control processes of defined objects.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2008년도 하계종합학술대회
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• pp.641-642
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• 2008

In this paper, we propose a new approach for the implicit rating algorithm of finding user's intense and preference to the contents on the web. Although the explicit method dig out the user preference of specific contents based on the user's intervention, we propose the implicit method obtaining the user preference according to the user's behavioral patterns on the web implicitly and automatically without the user's intervention. The implementation results show that the proposed approach is highly valuable for supporting recommender systems in conjunction with the users lifestyle.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.217-223
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• 2017

센서 네트워크와 IoT(Internet of Things)기술의 발달로, 개인의 상황정보를 수집하여 관련된 사용자들에게 맞춤화된 서비스의 제공이 가능해졌다. 현재, 상황정보 시스템은 사용자 특정 행동 특성을 분석하여 인지하고, 이벤트를 생성하는 수준에 있다. IoT 환경에서는 사람이 특정 목적을 갖고 행동하는 것이 아니라 의도하지 않아도 필요한 서비스를 사용자의 개입이 최소화되어 IoT 제품 스스로가 제공해주어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 IoT환경에서 사용자의 개입을 최소화하기 위해 비콘 기반에서 ECG를 이용해 상황정보를 이용한 자동출결 인지시스템을 구현했다. 특정 상황정보가 필요한 환경에서, 기존의 인증기법과 본 논문에서 제시한 ECG 센서를 이용한 인증 기법의 사용자 개입성을 비교 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 본 논문에서 구현한 시스템이 사용자의 개입을 최소화한다는 것을 확인했다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.207-220
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• 2015

Background: The purpose of this exploratory study is to explain where, when and how the introduction of user fee system works in low and middle income countries using context, mechanism, and outcome configuration. Methods: Considering advanced research in realist review approach, we made a review process including those following 4 steps. They are identifying the review question, initial theory and mechanism, searching and selecting primary studies, and extracting, analyzing, and synthesizing relevant data. Results: User fee had a detrimental effect on medical utilization in low and middle income countries. Also previous and current interventions and community participation were critical context in user fee system. Those contexts were associated with intervention initiation and recognition and coping strategies. Such contexts and mechanisms were critical explanatory factors in medical utilization. Conclusion: User fee is a series of interventions that are fragile and dynamic. So the introduction of user fee system needs a comprehensive understanding of previous and new intervention, policy infrastructure, and other factors that can influence on medical utilization.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.55-70
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• 2001

Background: Alcohol and tobacco use are two major behavioral risk factors implicated in increased morbidity and mortality. Since both substances are widely used in Korea, a concerted effort is currently underway to reduce the use of tobacco and alcohol in Korea. Objectives: Efforts directed toward preparing health promotion planners and health educators from local health departments to organize and implement community-wide interventions to reduce the proportion of people smoking and reduce the average level of alcohol consumption in the community. Methods: Comprehensive multi-media health promotion materials were developed based on health behavior theories and strategies. The materials were developed to introduce a user-oriented developmental approach by making messages more persuasive and organizing content in a user-friendly manner. Health educators from all local health departments in the country were trained in the use of the materials, to enable them to develop community interventions to reduce smoking and drinking. Implications for Practitioners: The process followed in developing the health intervention materials is described in detail to assist practitioners who need to develop effective programs to reduce the use of tobacco and alcohol. Sections of the report explain health intervention theories, specific program activities to include in an intervention, development, organization, evaluation, choosing a target audience, choosing goals of an intervention, and methods of making program content vivid and persuasive.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.171-177
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• 2017

Objective: The study purpose was to develop a drug information leaflet for the elderly and to evaluate it with performance-based user-testing. Methods: We performed a stratified randomized controlled trial. We recruited 62 elderly patients with age of 65 or above who were taking antidiabetic medications at the point of participating and excluded those who suffered illiteracy. We randomly allocated them into the intervention group with a leaflet for the elderly and the control group with a leaflet for the general public. Main outcome measures were to 'be able to find information' and to 'be able to understand information.' We measured outcome variables by employing performance-based user-testing and analyzed data to find any differences between two groups with t-tests, chi-squared tests or Fisher's exact tests accordingly. Results: More participants in the intervention group understood how to store their medications than those in the control group (intervention group 93% vs. control group 70%; p=0.02). There were no significant differences in other information items between two groups. Mostly 'being able to understand information' was lower than 'being able to find information.' The gaps between two outcome variables were about 10% in the intervention group and about 18% in the control group. The lowest understanding was observed in information relating to drug names and their potential adverse events. Conclusion: Without providing personalized drug information, it might be hard for the elderly to improve their drug knowledge even with leaflets that were developed specifically for the elderly.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.39-47
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• 2018

This paper confirms the risk of using smartphone through the analysis of collected usage pattern and proposes the smartphone intervention system in risk situations. In order to check the risk of smartphone usage, we made information collecting application and collected smartphone usage pattern from 11 experiment participants for two months. By analyzing smartphone usage pattern, we confirmed that about 12% of smartphone usage is being used in driving, walking, and on the street. In addition, we analyzed the response rate of smartphone notification in risk situations and confirmed that user responds the smartphone notifications in real-time even in risk situations. Therefore, it is required to present a system that intervenes the use of smartphone in order to protect smartphone users in risk situations. In this paper, we classify risk situations of using smartphone. Also, the proposed smartphone intervention system is designed to periodically detect risk situations. In risk situations, smartphone function can be restricted according to user setting of smartphone. And smartphone can be used normally when safe situation is restored.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 사용자의 개입 없이 가정환경에서 사용하는 다양한 가전기기의 대기전력을 검출하고 대기전력을 자동으로 차단하기 위한 전원 관리 시스템을 설계하였다. 시스템의 클라이언트는 클라이언트에 연결된 가전기기가 소비하는 소비전력 정보를 측정하고 무선 네트워크를 통하여 서버에게 실시간으로 전송한다. 이때 서버에서는 가전기기의 소비전력 특성을 분석하여 대기전력 사용 여부 및 대기전력 소비전력 값을 검출하도록 한다. 이렇게 검출한 대기전력 정보는 해당 가전기기 정보의 생성 및 데이터베이스를 구축에 활용되며, 이를 이용하여 사용자의 개입을 통한 설정 없이 대기전력 자동검출 및 차단 기능을 제공한다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.122-136
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• 2000

Stroke patient needs rehabilitation after receiving an acute treatment in a hospital. When stroke patient gets involved in an early discharge program, home care nurse plays a pivotal role to make them to gain a full strength and to come back to his/her prior life before he/she is sick. In spite of the importance of home care nursing intervention protocol for home care nurses to perform home care nursing autonomously, home care nursing intervention protocol for stroke patient is rarely developed. Therefore this study was conducted to develop home care nursing protocol that is applicable for stroke patients in home care nursing area. 41 home care nursing charts for stroke patients registered in home care nursing agencies from December 1st 1994 to August 31st 1999 at Y hospitals in Seoul and Won-Ju city were analyzed. 44 home care nurses who were having over three years' experience on stroke patients were participated in this study as a user validity validation group. The results of this study are as follows. 1. 28 nursing diagnoses were selected on the basis of evaluation of nursing diagnoses of stroke patients presented in a previous literature and case studies on home care nursing. 2. 17 nursing diagnoses were classified through the frequency analysis of home care nursing charts for 41 stroke patients who had received home care nursing. The order of sequence was like these: impaired skin integrity, risk for infection, nutritional deficit, impaired physical mobility, constipation, knowledge deficit, ineffective airway clearance, anxiety in family members, risk for aspiration, self care deficit, altered urinary elimination, ineffective individual coping, social isolation, risk for injury, self-esteem disturbance, impaired verbal communication, fatigue of family caregiver. 3. Based on validation on expert and user validities, 44 nursing interventions which were above ICV=.80 were chosen. 4. Nursing intervention protocols which showed above ICV=.90 were developed and were like these; pressure ulcer care, position change, preventive care for circulatory dysfunction, tube care : catheter, vital sign monitor, constipation/impaction management, artificial airway management, suction of airway secretion, environmental management : safety, and fall prevention.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국HCI학회 2007년도 학술대회 1부
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• pp.235-242
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• 2007

로봇의 활동 영역이 산업 현장에서 인간의 일상 생활 공간으로 확장됨에 따라서, 로봇은 사용자가 사용하는 성능 좋은 도구 개념에서 벗어나 일상 생활을 공유하며 살아가는 파트너로 생각되기 시작했다. 이에 따라서 미리 정해진 명령과 조작 방법을 통한 단순한 상호작용만이 일어나던 과거와 달리, 사용자는 마치 사람을 대하듯 자연스럽게 로봇과 상호작용하기를 기대하게 되었다. 사람들은 본래 context를 활용하여 모호한 표현을 하더라도 상호작용이 가능하기 때문에, 사용자의 발화가 자유롭게 이루어지면 로봇이 처한 상황적 모호성은 가중될 수 밖에 없다. 이러한 문제에 직면하여, 스크립트 기반의 인간-로봇 상호작용을 통한 문제 해결 노력이 그 돌파구가 될 것으로 기대된다. 본 논문은 이러한 노력의 일환으로, 태스크 수행중인 로봇에 자유롭게 사용자가 개입하는 상황을 처리하는 방안을 제시하고자 한다. 사용자가 개입하는 상황을 어떻게 이해할 것이며, 로봇은 어떤 전략으로 이에 대처해야 하는지 분석한 뒤, 사용자 개입에 대한 구체적인 처리 프로세스를 제시한다. 그리고 제시된 프로세스를 구현해 봄으로써 그 효용성을 검증한다.