• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2022.09a
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• pp.86-86
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• 2022

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) is increasingly important as a biomass crop worldwide. Its genetic diversity provides a large range of biochemical composition suitable for various uses as bioplastics. Phenolic compounds are the main compounds of lignocellulosic residues, which can be used as a source of active components for their use in active packaging materials. In this research, we investigated the total phenolic content (TPC) and the total flavonoid content (TFC) among 60 mutant lines (early heading, high biomass and dwarfness) and their original cultivars. Sixty sorghum mutant lines were developed by treatment with gamma-ray or proton irradiation in 14 sorghum cultivars. The levels of TPC and TFC of 14 original cultivars were ranging from 3.27 to 11.54 mg/100 g and 2.39 to 6.74 mg/100 g, respectively. The TPCs of the mutant lines were ranging from 1.92 to 13.10 mg/100 g with average content of 6.35 mg/100 g. The TFCs of the mutant lines were ranging from 1.72 to 8.30 mg/100 g with average content of 4.20 mg/100 g. Three mutant lines derived from gamma-ray showed significant lower TPC and TFC than those of the original cultivar. While, five mutant lines showed significant higher TPC and TFC. These findings will be useful for the selection of sorghum genotypes with improved phenolic compounds.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.133-156
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• 2020

This study analyzed the research trend of the papers in the field of customs clearance published from the first issue of the Korean Trade Review to the August 2020 issue. The research method used mixed methods. This method uses both quantitative and qualitative methods, and is a research method to make use of the strengths and weaknesses of each research method. The quantitative study results are as follows. First, an average of 0.7 papers were published for the entire period, but since 2006, an average of 1.2 papers have been published, and the overall interest is increasing. Second, in the case of researchers, the proportion of joint research was slightly higher, with 43.8% of independent research and 56.2% of joint research. In particular, the ratio of 3 or more people is also increasing to 21. Third, looking at the trends by research subject, it was found that among the research fields, there were relatively more studies in the fields of FTA, country of origin, and CISG than in the fields of tariff policy, tariff system and legislation. Fourth, Domestic studies accounted for 75.2% and overseas studies 24.8%, with a high proportion of domestic studies, 13.4 articles in domestic literature, 12.2 articles overseas, and 40 articles supporting research funding. The results of qualitative research need to secure diversity in terms of the generality and specificity of the research topic, and that research in industry-academia or public-private connection should increase, and research from the point of view of "why" rather than "how" Suggested that it is necessary.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.578-592
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• 2023

This study identified and evaluated by deriving and categorizing concepts related to the user experience of metaverse fashion shows using grounded theory, which is a qualitative research method. Based on experiential marketing theory, in-depth interviews were conducted for 14 days with 14 males and females in their 20s and 30s. The research results and contents are as follows: The causal condition was the purpose of using metaverse fashion shows, and the action/interaction strategy caused by such a case was found to be establishing a system for metaverse fashion shows and promoting a positive brand image. The results included content evaluation of satisfaction, normal, or dissatisfaction. The contextual condition was a change in the form of consumption that emphasized experience, while the interventional condition was psychological distance. Based on this, the core category was defined as "consumption patterns that emphasized the purpose of use and experience affects the metaverse fashion shows and psychological distance appeared as a user experience evaluation through the establishment of a system of metaverse fashion shows and the promotion of a positive brand image". User types were classified as active or passive. Active users have the autonomy to select content according to their individual preferences, and accordingly, their experience preference tends to change. In contrast, passive users' preference for the technical quality of content is relatively low, but they have a high concentration of content diversity and audio-visual interest elements.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.87-99
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• 2024

Global climate change, followed by an increase in anthropogenic activities in aquatic ecosystems, and species invasions, has resulted in a decline in aquatic organism biodiversity. The Batanghari River, Sumatra's longest river, is polluted by mercury-containing illegal gold mining waste (PETI), industrial pollution, and domestic waste. Several studies have provided evidence suggesting a decline in fish biodiversity within the Batanghari River. However, a comprehensive evaluation of the present status of biodiversity in this river is currently lacking. The species under investigation were identified through various molecular-based identification methods, as well as morphological identification, which involved the use of neighbor-joining (NJ) trees. All collected specimens were initially identified using morphological techniques and subsequently confirmed with molecular barcoding analysis. Morphological and DNA barcoding identification categorized all specimens (1,692) into 36 species, 30 genera and 16 families, representing five orders. A total of 36 DNA barcodes were generated from 30 genera using a 650-bp-long fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. Based on the Kimura two-parameter model (K2P), The minimum and maximum genetic divergences based on K2P distance were 0.003 and 0.331, respectively, and the average genetic divergence within genera, families, and orders was 0.05, 0.12, 0.16 respectively. In addition, the average interspecific distance was approximately 2.17 times higher than the mean intraspecific distance. Our results showed that the COI barcode enabled accurate fish species identification in the Batanghari River. Furthermore, the present work will establish a comprehensive DNA barcode library for freshwater fishes along Batanghari River and be significantly useful in future efforts to monitor, conserve, and manage fisheries in Indonesia.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.161-172
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• 2024

For sustainable development, better performance, and less gas pollution during rumen fermentation, there is a need to find a green and safe feed additive for ruminants. Cysteamine (CS) is a biological compound naturally produced in mammalian cells. It is widely used as a growth promoter in ruminants because of its ability to control hormone secretions. It mainly controls the circulating concentration of somatostatin and enhances growth hormone production, leading to improved growth performance. CS modulates the rumen fermentation process in a way beneficial for the animals and environment, leading to less methane production and nutrients loss. Another beneficial effect of using CS is that it improves the availability of nutrients to the animals and enhances their absorption. CS also works as an antioxidant and protects the cells from oxidative damage. In addition, CS has no adverse effects on bacterial and fungal alpha diversity in ruminants. Dietary supplementation of CS enhances the population of beneficial microorganisms. Still, no data is available on the use of CS on reproductive performance in ruminants, so there is a need to evaluate the effects of using CS in breeding animals for an extended period. In this review, the action mode of CS was updated according to recently published data to highlight the beneficial effects of using CS in ruminants.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.44-54
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• 2024

One of the serious modern environmental problems is pollution caused by highly toxic pesticides. Only small amounts of applied pesticides reach their target, and the rest ends up in soil and water. Chlorpyrifos is a toxic, broad-spectrum organophosphate insecticide. In humans, chlorpyrifos inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the peripheral and central nervous system, and particularly in children, small amounts of this pesticide cause neurotoxic damage. As the toxic effects of chlorpyrifos and its persistence in the environment require its removal from contaminated sites, it is essential to study the biological diversity of chlorpyrifos-degrading microorganisms. In this study, we sought to determine the chlorpyrifos-degrading ability of the bacterial strain Ochrobactrum intermedium PDB-3. This strain was isolated from soil contaminated with various pesticides and identified as PDB-3 based on morpho-cultural characteristics, MALDI-TOF MS, and 16S rRNA. Studies were conducted for 30 days in sterile soils containing initial concentrations of 50, 75, 100, and 125 mg/kg of chlorpyrifos. To determine the degradation of chlorpyrifos, a liquid culture of the strain was added to the soil at three optical densities: 0, and after 24 and 48 h (OD = 0.03, 0.2 and 0.32). Using GX-MS, we determined that chlorpyrifos was converted to 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP). We also found that with increasing optical density, rapid degradation of the initial concentration of chlorpyrifos occurred. Sterile soil without strain PDB-3 was used as a control sample.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.73-86
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• 2018

Agricultural or rural landscape provides various ecosystem services. However, the ecosystem services function is declining due to various environmental problems such as climate change, land use change, stream intensification, non-point pollution and garbage. The A1B scenario predicts that the mean air temperature of South Korea will rise $3.8^{\circ}C$ degrees celsius in 2100. Agricultural sector is very vulnerable to climate change, so it must be thoroughly predicted and managed. In Korea, the facility horticulture complex is 54,051ha in 2016 and is the 3rd largest in the world(MAFRA, 2014). Facilities of horticultural complexes are reported to cause problems such as groundwater decrease, vegetation and insects diversity reduction, landscapes damage and garbage increase, compared with the existing land use paddy fields. Heat island phenomenon associated with climate change is also accelerated by the high heat absorption of horticultural sites. Therefore, we analyzed the heat island phenomenon occurring in the facility of horticultural complex in Korea. As an improvement measurement, I examined how much air temperature is reduced by putting the channel and the open space. In the case of the Buyeo area, the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation was analyzed for the average summer temperature distribution in the current land use mode at $38.9^{\circ}C$. As an improvement measurement, CFD simulation after 10% of 6m water channel was found to have an effect of lowering the summer temperature of about $2.7^{\circ}C$ compared with the present average of $36.2^{\circ}C$. In addition, CFD simulations after analyzing 10% of the open space were analyzed at $34.7^{\circ}C$, which is $4.2^{\circ}C$ lower than the present. For the Jinju area, CFD simulations were analyzed for the average temperature of summer at $37.8^{\circ}C$ in the present land use pattern. As an improvement measure, CFD simulations after 10% of 6m water channel were found to have an effect of lowering the summer temperature of about $2.6^{\circ}C$ compared to the current average of $35.2^{\circ}C$. In addition, CFD simulations after analyzing 10% of the open space were analyzed at $33.9^{\circ}C$, which is $3.9^{\circ}C$ lower than the present. It can be said that the effect of summer temperature drop in open space and waterway has been proven. The results of this study are expected to be reflected in sustainable agriculture land use and used as basic data for government - level policy in land use planning for climate change.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.235-250
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• 2023

This study was carried out to identify the vascular flora of Mt. Bonghwa in the Baekdudaegan Mountain range, located on the border between Namwon City and Jangsu Country in Jeollabuk Province and Hamyang Country in Gyeongsangnam Province and use them as basic data for the conservation of plant diversity and prevention of the spread of alien plants. Specimens deposited at the Herbarium of Korea National Arboretum (KH) were reexamined, and 15 field surveys were conducted from April 2020 to July 2023. The result revealed a total of 466 taxa, consisting of 97 families, 279 genera, 409 species, 16 subspecies, 32 varieties and 9 forms, Of which, eight taxa were endemic plants, and one taxon, Aconitum coreanum (H.Lév.), belonged to the vulnerable (VU) on the national red list species. Moreover, there were 57 floristic target species, including 1 taxon of grade V, 9 taxa of grade III, 14 taxa of grade II, and 33 taxa of grade I, whereas there were 24 taxa of alien plants and 1 taxon of ecosystem disturbance species. In the usefulness survey, 353 taxa were for food, 3 for textiles, 71 for medicinal use, 21 for ornamental use, 108 for pasture use, 2 for industrial use, 7 for miscellaneous use, and 11 for timber plants.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.396-408
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• 2008

Gwangtan-myeon, Paju-si, Gyeonggi-do was classified as a 4 grade age-class deciduous tree forest, however as a result of vegetation survey, this site was found to consist of natural forest with deciduous trees, thus causing difficulty in judging which age class it belongs to. Subsequently, the necessity of drawing up a detailed stock map plan was raised. For this reason, this research was designed to propose a mapping method for a detailed stock map plan based on a detailed survey on actual vegetation, vegetation structure, and analysis data on tree rings. The detailed analysis of actual vegetation pattern showed that there exist 22 patterns of vegetation, in which the natural forest has 11 patterns, such as Quercus mongolica forest and Q. variabilis forest, etc. while the artificial forest was found to have 6 patterns including Castanea crenata, etc. In order to verify their age-class, this research measured a tree age by collecting 42 quadrats and 89 specimen tree cores on the basis of a detailed actual vegetation map; as a result, an artificial forest and oak trees with small diameters located at low-lying areas, was categorized as 2-grade age class(covering 29.8%), and other areas were judged to be available for land use as 3-grade age-class(covering 57.6%) while the areas judged to be 4-or-more grade age-class (covering 8.8%) was impossible for land use because they are located on a steep slope ridge line on a boundary. In case a proposed site for a small-scale development is judged as a natural forest with deciduous trees as mentioned above, it is necessary that a detailed stock map plan should be drawn up through a detailed investigation into actual vegetation and analysis of plant gathering structure & specimen trees. A detailed stock map plan includes the data that makes it possible to comprehensively judge natural property, scarcity, and diversity of vegetation; thus, it is considered that a detailed stock map plan will be useful in judging the development propriety of a small-scale site.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.129-145
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• 2010

In this study, when buying fashion products through internet shopping malls, it is researched about the buying behavior, the awareness of customer review, the use and posting of customer review and the accompanying awareness. The difference of awareness on the customer review according to their involvement of clothes, are examined from high school students in Seoul. And it is examined if they experienced any dissatisfaction after their purchase and what their behavior were. The questionnaire survey was taken by 508 students from 6 high schools in Seoul. The average, the standard deviation, the frequency, the t-test, the One way ANOVA and Duncan's Multiple Test were conducted for data analysis using SPSS 17.0. In the fashion products purchase behavior of the students, The reasons of buying were mainly because of the diversity and the convenience. Some students don't shop online because screen product and actual product are not the same. The awareness of the customer review represented high in the reliability and usefulness. The awareness on the influence of the customer review represented high in the contents direction and the numbers of the customer reviews but represented low in the timeliness. As to the awareness of the customer review, the student using it represented higher in all elements such as the usefulness, the reliability, and the influence than students who not use customer review. The students posting customer review recognized higher on the usefulness and the reliability of the customer review than those who did not post it, and were highly influenced by the numbers of customer reviews. The awareness of the customer review according to the involvement of clothes was the difference only in the usefulness. As to coping actions of students experiencing dissatisfaction, the proportion of the students coping with the public action and those who do not perform any action represented high.