• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.487-495
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• 2019

Purpose: We aimed to identify associations between the frequency of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use and smoking-related characteristics among adolescent smokers. Methods: We used data from the 14th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey. The participants were 3,722 smokers who had smoked cigarettes on at least one day during the past 30 days. The frequency of e-cigarette use was defined as the number of days that participants used e-cigarettes during the past 30 days, and was divided into four categories: 0, 1~2, 3~9, and ${\geq}10$ days. We used the $x^2$ test and multinomial logistic regression to examine the associations between the frequency of e-cigarette use and smoking-related characteristics. Results: Those who attempted to quit smoking, had used a heated tobacco product (HTP) at least once, or initiated e-cigarette use before middle school were more likely to use e-cigarettes for 3~9 days in the past 30 days. More frequent e-cigarette use (${\geq}10$ days) was associated with a higher frequency and greater amount of cigarette use, lifetime HTP use, and earlier initiation of e-cigarette use. Conclusion: Smoking-related characteristics differed by the frequency of e-cigarette use. Therefore, intervention programs targeting adolescent smokers should consider differences in smoking-related characteristics based on the frequency of e-cigarette use.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.99-120
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to provide information necessary for establishing a new strategy for customer service improvement by deriving factors affecting user satisfaction and continuous use intention of mobile app service user characteristics, system characteristics, and social characteristics. The results of this study are summarized as follows. First, reliability, innovation, familiarity, convenience, and self-efficacy among the characteristics of mobile app are analyzed as factors that have the greatest influence on user's perceived usefulness. Second, convenience, mobility, and visibility are some of the characteristics of mobile app service. Third, identity, security, and expectation agreement among mobile app service characteristics are analyzed as negative factors that do not affect users' perceived usefulness. Fourth, interactivity, familiarity, and self-efficacy among the characteristics of mobile app service were analyzed as positive factors that have the greatest effect on user's perceived ease of use. Fifth, reliability, mobility, visibility, and convenience among mobile app service characteristics are analyzed as factors that have some positive effects on perceived ease of use of app users. Sixth, identity, innovation, and security among the characteristics of mobile app service are negatively influenced by mobile app users' perceived ease of use. Seventh, the perceived usefulness of mobile app users is analyzed as a factor that has a very positive effect on user satisfaction. Eighth, the perceived ease of use of mobile app users is analyzed as a factor affecting perceived usefulness positively. Ninth, the perceived ease and expectation of mobile app users are positively influenced on user satisfaction. The tenth, the perceived usefulness of the mobile app users was analyzed as a factor having a very positive influence on the persistent intention to use. For the eleventh, the perceived ease of use of mobile app users was analyzed as a factor having a positive effect on the persistent intention to use. The twelfth, mobile app user satisfaction was analyzed as a factor having a very positive effect on the persistent intention to use.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.63-88
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• 2022

Purpose The purpose of this study is to empirically analyze the factors affecting the intention to use cloud computing in the smart work environment. This study is meaningful in that it examines the characteristics of smart work and the fit of cloud computing characteristics, and it is a study that reveals the factors affecting the intention to use cloud computing by applying the integrated model of TTF and TAM. Design/methodology/approach In order to understand the factors affecting the intention to use cloud computing in the smart work environment, a research model that integrates TTF and TAM with the hypothesis was proposed. In order to verify the research hypothesis, this study conducted a survey on individuals with experience in smart work and cloud computing. And with the data 280 collected in the survey, path analysis was performed using the PLS structural equation. Findings As a result, it was found that task characteristics and technology characteristics had a positive (+) effect on task-skill fit, and task-skill fit had a positive (+) effect on perceived ease of use and usefulness. Also, task-skill fit, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness were found to have a positive (+) effect on intention to use.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.155-161
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• 2017

As the e-marketplace becomes the core of management activities, researches on motivation, transaction type, strategy, satisfaction, risk management, performance evaluation, etc. have been actively studied, but the factors influencing actual utilization have not been fully. Especially, the factors that affect the intention of the users are limited without consideration of internal environment, external environment, e-marketplace characteristics such as operating rules, characteristics of the company to be used. In order to derive the determinants of B2B e-marketplace use, this study was conducted to examine the relationship between internal environment, external environment, e-marketplace characteristics as independent variables, intention of use as dependent variable, participation qualification, The results were as follows. First, the previous study limited the determinants of intention to use to either internal or external, but this study presented an integrated model that considers both factors. Second, the characteristics of companies participating in e-marketplace were identified by using participation qualification and activity scope as control variables.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.1-24
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• 2007

With the development of information technology (IT), various information systems (IS) such as Web-based systems and mobile systems have appeared utilizing different technologies. However, recent studies on IS use and user satisfaction rarely account for technological differences among IS and environmental characteristics where IS are intended to be used. The purpose of this research is to investigate the determinants of the use of Web-based ticketing systems for cultural activities and to empirically validate their relationships. Environmental psychology suggests that human beings respond to external stimuli from environments with their emotions, and their emotional states influence human actions, e.g., IS use in this research. Applying environmental psychology to the use of Web-based systems in the culture and entertainment industry, we propose that web site characteristics first influence a user's internal state of mind (i.e., flow) and then the flow state influences the IS use. Studies related to the state of flow collectively affirm the key role played by the flow construct in shaping individual attitudes and behaviors toward IS. Users' flow states are captured by their shopping enjoyment, perceived behavioral control, and the level of concentration on the IS use. Referring to social presence theory, we have included such web site characteristics as content quality, context of web site, and community quality. In our research model, a second order construct is utilized to represent web site quality, because flow theory suggests that holistic experiences with web-based systems (rather than individual characteristics of the web site) are important in explaining the IS use. Further, we have included trust as another important factor influencing the IS use since business transactions on the web encompass higher uncertainty comparing to offline transactions. In order to test our hypotheses, we have conducted an online survey which results in 1,141 valid responses in the final sample. The data were collected from respondents who have experiences in Internet ticketing systems. Although it was a convenient sample, the sample represents a wide variety of user demographics. Validity and reliability of the research instrument were tested and research hypotheses were examined using PLS Graph 3.0. The results indicate that web site characteristics significantly influence the level of user concentration, user's enjoyment in shopping, and perceived behavioral control. Further, the use of Internet ticketing systems is influenced by users' flow states and trust in the web channel. User satisfaction is turned out to be affected by the use of Internet ticketing systems. Unlike extant research on the relationship between web site characteristics and its use, our study has found that, in the culture and entertainment industry, the impact of web site characteristics on IS use is mediated by a user's flow state. This finding has a practical implication that web site design should include as many features that enhance shopping enjoyment and concentration. Other practical implications of these findings and future research implications are also discussed.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.1-22
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• 2004

Technology acceptance model(TAM) has been widely used to predict the end-user's acceptance of a new IT/IS. We used TAM as a theoretical foundation to explain user's intention to use an Internet shopping mall. The theoretical model is tested with the questionnaires from 308 users of an Internet shopping mall. Results show that several individual characteristics such as Internet skills and self-efficacy have a significant impact on user's perception of usefulness and ease of use. Results also show that both perceived enjoyment and perceived usefulness of Internet shopping mall strongly predict intention to use the Internet shopping mall. However, perceived ease of use has no direct influence on intention to use the Internet shopping mall. Personal innovativeness and Internet skills also have a positive effect on perceived enjoyment. Therefore, Internet shopping mall managers have to consider intrinsic motivational factor(enjoyment) as well as extrinsic motivational factor(usefulness). In addition, individual characteristics should be emphasized to form the positive beliefs about using the Internet shopping mall.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.36-46
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• 2007

This study is based on the need to reform mixed use plan of school facilities considering the characteristics of depressed downtown area. It started with the object to make a plan by deducting function of place required and corresponded to the characteristics of depressed downtown area in Pohang city. As the result of researching present status and the characteristics of six elementary schools in Pohang which the number of student has decreased, it is found that they are required to have change in the region of depressed downtown area which have fallen behind and obsolete school facilities which idle classrooms have increased and to have reformations of a city are characterized by 5 types as poor life environment, lack of cultural facilities as community institution, poor open-space and ecological environment, non-activation of conventional market and contraction of commerce industry by outflow of industry, transfer of administration operation function and etc. and the region of school under researching shows these characteristics. I planed the mixed use program with factors of local community facility, status of school facility use and depressed area's characteristics. Finally, I propose the mixed use plan of school facilities as the strong point of sustainable development which influences on and be influenced by regional characteristics and structure of city.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.87-101
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to analyze differences in psychological characteristics according to cell phone dependency and use purpose in cell phone users of adolescences. Psychological characteristics of adolescents were consisted of attention aggression, somatic symptoms, social withdrawal, depression variables. The subjects were 2,158 cell phone owned second graders of middle school. A data of the Korean Child-Youth Panel Survey(KCYPS) was employed for the this study. Dependency and use purpose of cell phone were classified by cluster analysis into four groups with similar characteristics : 'high dependency-multipurpose', 'low dependency-social', 'low dependency-unsocial' 'middle dependency-peer interaction' groups. Major findings were that: the group differences in psychological characteristics were statistically significant. The 'low dependency-social' group showed highest on adjustments, and the other groups were maladaptive. Finally, implications for future research were discussed.

• Journal of Venture Innovation
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.75-93
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• 2023

As non-face-to-face contact was activated due to the progress of the 4th Industrial Revolution and COVID-19, the government's civil service was also rapidly reflecting this phenomenon. However, there were cases in which it was quite burdensome and rather uncomfortable for the elderly who were relatively alienated from the digital culture. Therefore, in this study, we tried to empirically analyze the factors that affect the use of government 24(a government civil integration service) by the elderly. For this purpose, the characteristics of the elderly and the characteristics of services were paid attention. As the characteristic factors of the elderly, cognitive characteristics, psychological characteristics, and physical characteristics were derived, and as service characteristics, usefulness, ease of use, security, and government support were derived when using government 24. The effect of these factors on the intention to use Government 24 was empirically analyzed. For empirical analysis, a survey was conducted targeting the elderly in their 60s and older, and 250 valid sample were used for analysis. The analysis results were as follows. Among the characteristics of the elderly, cognitive characteristics, psychological characteristics, and physical characteristics were all found to had a significant negative (-) effect on the intention to use Government 24. On the other hand, usefulness, ease of use, and government support were found to had a significant positive (+) effect on the intention to use government 24. On the other hand, security was not tested for a significant relationship with government 24 use intention. Among the variables that have a significant impact, the psychological characteristics of the elderly had the greatest impact on the intention to use Government 24. Usefulness, cognitive characteristics, physical characteristics, ease of use, and government support were in order. The fact that this study conducted an empirical analysis by combining the characteristics of the elderly and the characteristics of services was meaningful at the academic level. In addition, considering that psychological characteristics appeared to be the most important factor, it seemed necessary to consider these points to promote the use of Government 24 by the elderly.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.21-53
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to measure the resource use of the elderly in long-term care services and to examine the effects of patient and facility characteristics on their use of resources. The data were collected from 510 old people over sixty years of age, residing in five long-term care hospitals and two skilled nursing homes during the period between December 1, 2000 and February 28, 2001. For a full sample, when the first level of RUG(Resource Use Group)-III categories were employed as the proxy of patient severity, facility characteristics, such as location, size and ownership, have large effects on the resource use measured by service intensity, whereas patient characteristics such as severity have little or no effect. The resource use is significantly high if the facility: (1) is located in rural areas (gun): (2) has mare than 200 beds; (3) is a long-term care hospital; (4) is private; and (5) has a low percentage of medical aid patients. The analysis of the resource use in each RUG-III categories, for which ADL(Ability of Daily Living) were employed as the prosy of patient severity, shows a similar result. The loose relationship between the needs of residents and the resource use seems to be closely associated with the ineffective reimbursement system for providers. The current reimbursement system has no provision for quality improvement and reimburses facilities simply according to their types: fee-for-service for long-term care hospitals, and monthly-flat-rate or full-coverage-national-aid for skilled nursing facilities. It will be necessary to develop a more reasonable reimbursement system that takes patient's severity into account and gives incentives for long-term care providers to offer cost-effective services.