• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.3205-3211
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• 2013

Background: Bladder cancer is the second most incident malignancy among Lebanese men. The purpose of this study was to investigate potential risk factors associated with this observed high incidence. Methods: A case-control study (54 cases and 105 hospital-based controls) was conducted in two major hospitals in Beirut. Cases were randomly selected from patients diagnosed in the period of 2002-2008. Controls were conveniently selected from the same settings. Data were collected using interview questionnaire and blood analysis. Exposure data were collected using a structured face-to-face interview questionnaire. Blood samples were collected to determine N-acetyltransferase1 (NAT1) genotype by PCR-RFLP. Analyses revolved around univariate, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression, along with checks for effect modification. Results: The odds of having bladder cancer among smokers was 1.02 times significantly higher in cases vs. controls. The odds of exposure to occupational diesel or fuel combustion fumes were 4.1 times significantly higher in cases vs controls. The odds of prostate-related morbidity were 5.6 times significantly higher in cases vs controls. Cases and controls showed different clustering patterns of NAT1 alleles. No significant differences between cases and controls were found for consumption of alcohol, coffee, tea, or artificial sweeteners. Conclusions: This is the first case-control study investigating bladder cancer risk factors in the Lebanese context. Results confirmed established risk factors in the literature, particularly smoking and occupational exposure to diesel. The herein observed associations should be used to develop appropriate prevention policies and intervention strategies, in order to control this alarming disease in Lebanon.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.4935-4937
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• 2016

Objective: To compare dosimetric parameters of 3 dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3 DCRT) and intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in terms of target coverage and doses to organs at risk (OAR) in the management of rectal carcinoma. Methods: In this prospective study, conducted between August 2014 and March 2016, all patients underwent CT simulation along with a bladder protocol and target contouring according to the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) guidelines. Two plans were made for each patient (3 DCRT and IMRT) for comparison of target coverage and OAR. Result: A total of 43 patients were recruited into this study. While there were no significant differences in mean Planning Target Volume (PTV) D95% and mean PTV D98% between 3 DCRT and IMRT, mean PTV D2% and mean PTV D50% were significantly higher in 3 DCRT plans. Compared to IMRT, 3 DCRT resulted in significantly higher volumes of hot spots, lower volumes of cold spots, and higher doses to the entire OAR. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that IMRT achieves superior normal tissue avoidance (bladder and bowel) compared to 3 DCRT, with comparable target dose coverage.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.82-92
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to report the clinical effectiveness of Korean medicine treatment on interstitial cystitis. Methods: The patient diagnosed with Interstitial cystitis/Bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) was treated with Korean medicine treatment during 22 days of hospitalization. The patient received Korean medicine treatment including herbal medicine, acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, moxibustion, cupping and extracorporeal magnetic stimulation therapy. The effect of treatment on IC/BPS was evaluated through the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), voiding diary, and Interstitial Cystitis Symptom Index/Problem Index (ICSI/ICPI). Results: After the treatment, the clinical symptoms of IC/BPS such as pelvic pain, pelvic pressure, frequent urination and urinary urgency were improved. Also, the patient had better scores in ICSI/ICPI. Conclusions: This case report proved that the Korean medicine treatment may be effective for improving clinical symptoms of IC/BPS. However, a large-scale clinical study is needed in the future to prove the effectiveness of Korean medicine treatment for IC/BPS.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.680-685
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• 2004

The capability of lactic acid bacteria (LABs) to adhere to intestinal epithelial cells and vaginal epithelial cells is an important factor in the formation of a barrier to prevent the colonization of pathogenic bacteria. In addition, the ability to coaggregate with pathogens and production of antimicrobial agents also allow LABs to fight against pathogens. In this work, Weissella confusa PL9001 was tested for its ability to inhibit the growth and adherence of genitourinary pathogens, including Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE), isolated from the urine of hospitalized female patients. W. confusa PL9001 was found to coaggregate with the four pathogens, as observed with a light microscope and scanning electron microscope. In competition, exclusion, and displacement tests, the adherence of the pathogens to T24 bladder epithelial cells was also inhibited by W. confusa PL9001. Accordingly, these results suggest that W. confusa PL9001 is potentially useful for both preventive and therapeutic treatment of genitourinary infections.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.71-73
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• 1994

Rhabdomyosarcomas are found mainly in young patients, but rare in adults. A correlated cytological and histologic study of one case of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma is presented. The cytologic appearance of the urine smear corresponded well with the histologic findings. Cytologically, two main cell types were distinguished ; a predominant primitive, small round cell with scant cytoplasm and a large cell with abundant cytoplasm. The cytologic feature proving rhabdomyoblastic differentiation, such as cross-striation, was absent.

• Journal of Medicine and Life Science
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.94-98
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• 2023

This report presents the case of 75-year-old men with spindle cell neoplasm. The patient underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) for renal stones and benign prostatic hyperplasia. One month postoperatively, the patient was able to void without any difficulty. Five months later, the patient experienced difficulty voiding and presented to the emergency room with severe pelvic pain. Computed tomography (CT) showed regrowth of the prostate mass into the posterior bladder and penile root. The prostate-specific antigen level remained constant at 1.14 ng/mL during the pre-and postoperative periods. Five months before the TURP operation, the patient's CT scan showed a soft and mildly enlarged prostate with no protrusion into the bladder. Biopsy of the prostate, however, showed a protruding mass, indicative of a spindle cell neoplasm. The patient was subsequently treated with the chemotherapeutic drug adriamycin. Unfortunately, treatment was unsuccessful, and the patient died 18 months later.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.307-312
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• 2014

충북대학교 동물의료센터에 16년령 암컷 시츄견이 복부팽만과 배뇨, 배변곤란을 주증으로 내원하였다. 신체검사 시 복부에서 10 cm 가량의 종양이 촉진되었으며 방사선 상에서 확인되었고, 방광은 종양에 의해 배꼽 쪽으로 변위되어 있었다. 초음파 상에서 종양은 불균질한 실질과 국소적으로 무에코성 영역을 가지고 있었다. 혈액검사 소견상 혈소판증가증과 약한 호중구증가증이 나타났으며, 혈액화학치 검사 결과 ALP 상승을 확인할 수 있었다. 개복술을 시행하여 자궁경과 방광 사이의 $10.5{\times}9.6cm$ 크기의 단단한 종양이 요도를 포매하고 있는 것을 확인하고 주위조직과 둔성분리 후 절제하였다. 조직병리학적 검사와 면역화학 적 검사 결과 종양은 평활근육종으로 진단되었다. 수술 후 일주일 뒤 배뇨곤란을 주증으로 재 내원하였다. 배뇨곤란의 원인을 찾기 위하여 요도조영술을 실시하였으나 물리적인 폐색 등 특별한 원인을 찾을 수 없었다. 방광근과 방광조임근에 작용하는 몇몇 약물요법 등을 시행하였지만 반응이 없어 중장기의 보존요법이 지시되었으며 배뇨곤란 증상은 술 후 27일차에 갑작스럽게 호전되어 환자는 원활한 배뇨를 하게 되었다. 본 증례는 요도를 포매하고 있는 복강 내 종양의 수술 후 예후와 배뇨곤란과 같은 후유증을 나타낼 수 있음을 시사하고 있다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.61-64
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• 2006

체중 4.65kg, 나이 13 개월의 수컷 페키니즈 견이 무뇨 증상으로 건국대학교 수의과대학 부속 동물병원에 내원하였다. 신체 검사상에서 복부 촉진을 통해 심각한 방광 팽창을 확인 하였다. 방광 내 요도 카테터 삽입을 시도 하였으나 실패 하였다. 혈액 화학 검사에서 BUN농도(35.6mg/dl)와 크레아틴농도(1.9mg/dl)가 각각 상승된 것으로 나타났다.단순 방사선 및 요도조영술에서 심한 방광팽창 및 막성 요도의 시작 부분이 폐쇄된 소견을 보였다. 수술동안 투시기를 이용 방광요도조영술과 요도조영술을 동시에 실시하여 본 바 폐쇄 부분 길이가 13mm임을 확인하였다. 골반강내 위치한 요도 폐쇄 부위가 피부절개선상까지 견인으로 노출이 가능하여 치골절골술 없이도 요도절제 및 요도문합을 실시할 수 있었다. 요도를 5-0 polyglycolic acid로 문합하고 이 부위를 대망막으로 감쌌다. 수술 후 첫째 날, 식욕이 회복 되었고, 5일 째 비정상 범위를 보였던 혈청 화학 수치들이 정상을 보였다. 그러나 요도 카테터를 제거한 후 약간의 요실금이 관찰 되었다. 7일 째 뇨 분석 결과가 정상 수치를 나타냈고, 14일 째 배설성 요로 조영술을 통해 수술 부위에 소변 누수가 없음을 확인 하였다. 21일 째, 더 이상의 요실금이 확인 되지 않았으며, 1년이 지난 현재 재발없이 정상적인 배뇨와 건강한 상태임을 확인할 수 있었다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제1권6호
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• pp.759-767
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• 1997

In the present study, we characterized the non-vascular smooth muscle relaxant effects of a novel benzoyran derivative ,SKP-450 (2-[2'(1',3'-dioxolone)-2-methyl-4- (2'-oxo-1'-pyrrolidinyl) -6-nitro-2H-1- benzopyran) and its metabolite, SKP-310, in comparison with levcromakalim (LCRK). In the rat stomach fundus, the spontaneous motility stimulated by $10^{-6.5}\;M$ bethanechol was completely eliminated not only by $10^{-7}\;M$ SKP-450 but also by $10^{-6}\;M$ LCRK, which were blocked by $10^{-6}\;M$ glibenclamide. The inhibitory effect of SKP-450 $pD_2,\;3.94{\pm}0.66)$ was much less than LCRK $(pD2,\;5.73{\pm}0.38,\;p<0.05)$. In the bethanechol $(10{-6.5 }\;M)-stimulated$ urinary bladder, the tonus was decreased in association with elimination of spontaneous motility by $10^{-7}\;M$ M SKP-450 and $10^{-6}\;M\;LCRK\;(pD2,\;6.77{\pm}0.06)\;(P<0.05)$, which were inhibitable by $10^{-6}\;M$ glibenclamide. The inhibitory effect of SKP-450 $(pD2,\;7.66{\pm}0.05)$ was significantly more potent than that of LCRK $(pD2,\;6.77{\pm}0.06,\;p<0.05)$. In the rat uterus stimulated by $PGF_{2\alpha}\;(10^{-7}\;M)$, both increased tonus and spontaneous motility were eliminated by $10^{-6}\;M$ LCRK with slight depression of the tonus, but not by SKP-450 $(10^{-5}\;M)$. The stimulated trachea of guinea-pig by $10^{-6.5}\;M$ bethanechol was moderately suppressed by SKP-450 $(10^{-6}{sim}10^{-5}\;M)$ but little by SKP-310. In association with the relaxant effects, SKP-450 $(10^{-6}\;M)$ and LCRK $(10^{-5}\;M)$ caused a significant stimulation of the $^{86}Rb$ efflux from rat urinary bladder and stomach fundus, which were antagonized by $10^{-5}\;M$ glibenclamide, whereas the $K^+$ channel openers could not exert a stimulation of the $^{86}Rb$ efflux from rat uterus. In conclusion, it is suggested that SKP-450 exerts potent relaxant effects on the urinary bladder detrusor muscle and duodenum, whereas it shows much less effect on stomach fundus and uterus as contrasted to LCRK.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.142-146
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• 2017

Purpose: To evaluate changes in quality of life (QoL) in patients with neurogenic bladder treated with clean intermittent catheterization (CIC), who changed from a multiple use catheter (MUC) to single use catheter (SUC). Methods: The Modified Intermittent Self-Catheterization Questionnaire (mISC-Q) was used to determine potential changes in patients' QoL as a result of switching from MUC to SUC. The mISC-Q consists of questions within four categories: ease of use, convenience, discreetness, and symptomatic benefit. Answers were graded as Strongly agree (+2), Agree (+1), Not sure (0), Disagree (-1), and Strongly disagree (-2). Overall patient QoL, as well as by sex, disease (presence of augmentation cystoplasty), and catheterization route (via urethra or urinary diversion), were analyzed. Results: Thirty-eight patients (21M:17F; mean age: $21.7{\pm}5.3y$) submitted questionnaires. For ease of use, SUC was significantly better than MUC (score: 0.364, P=0.002) in all patients. Patients with catheterization via the urethra showed significant favor for SUC in ease of use (score: 0.512, P<0.001) and convenience (score: 0.714, P=0.011), but patients with catheterization via the abdominal stoma of urinary diversion gave negative scores in all categories, though no categories were significant. Conclusion: This study suggested that changing from MUC to SUC may lead to improvements in QoL, especially regarding ease of use. This benefit was clearly found in patients with catheterization via urethra rather than abdominal stoma of urinary diversion.