• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.192-199
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• 2013

도시의 하천은 주민의 생활공간의 일부로서 환경적인 지속성을 위해 자연 친환경적으로 관리함이 바람직하나 현재 홍수예방, 또는 조경공사에 가까운 하천정비만 되어 왔으며 하천의 수질보전 및 관리를 위한 지속가능한 수질관리 방안의 수립이 필요한 상황이다. 탄동천은 대전시 유성구 추목동을 기점으로 갑천으로 유입되는 지방 2급 하천이다. 상류에는 군부대, 중류는 주거단지, 하류는 국가주요 연구단지, 그리고 국가적인 규모의 문화시설이 공존하는 지역으로 소규모하천의 자연 친화적 관리에 매우 좋은 예가 될 수 있을 것으로 전망된다. 본 연구는 탄동천에 대한 수질조사를 진행하고 전면적인 진단을 해보았다. 그 결과 상류의 하수처리장 방류수와 신성교 부근의 관거유출수가 주오염원으로 발견되었다. 탄동천 수질개선을 위해서는 이러한 오염원들에 대한 관리가 필수이며 그 대책으로 하수처리장 고도처리시설 도입과 하수처리장과 신성교 부근의 하천둔치에 인공습지를 설계하여 수질개선을 제안하였으며 1차원 수질모델인 QUAL2K를 이용하여 상술한 방안에 대한 수질개선 효과를 예측해 보았다. 모의결과 특히 T-P의 경우 0.05 mg/L 이하로 개선되는 것으로 모의되어 하천의 부영양화 방지에도 뚜렷한 효과가 있을 것으로 판단된다. 개선된 탄동천 수변공간은 인근 주민들에게 쾌적한 환경을 제공할 수 있으며 성공적인 수질관리 사례는 여타 하천관리의 설계, 시공에 큰 도움이 될 것이다.

• 한국방재안전학회논문집
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.13-23
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• 2021

본 연구는 위성영상자료를 이용한 지형자료의 신뢰도를 평가하고자 하였다. 실제 계측자료와 위성영상자료를 이용한 지형자료를 구축하고 강우-유출 모형인 S-RAT에 적용하여 유출 분석을 실시하였으며, 지형자료와 유출량 자료를 비교 분석하였다. 실제 계측자료는 국가수자원관리종합정보시스템(Water Resources Management Information System, WAMIS)의 계측지형자료를 수집하였으며, 위성영상자료는 Terra 위성에 탑재된 MODIS 관측센서의 영상자료를 수집하였다. 분석대상지역은 한강유역에서 산지가 80%이상인 하천 2개 유역과, 도심지가 7%이상인 하천 1개 유역을 대상으로 선정하였다. 분석결과 도심지가 많은 하천에서는 유출량의 차이가 첨두홍수량의 경우 최대 50%, 홍수총량의 경우 최대 17%로 계측자료와 위성영상자료의 차이가 크게 나타났으나, 산지가 많은 하천에서는 유출량의 차이가 첨두홍수량의 경우 최대 13%, 홍수총량의 경우 최대 4%로 나타났다. 영상자료에서 가장 큰 차이를 보이는 것은 Landuse로 도심 하천에서는 MODIS 위성영상이 WAMIS 계측자료에 비해 최대 60% 이상 도시로 인식하는 경향을 보이고 있으나, 산림지역에서는 MODIS 위성영상이 WAMIS 계측자료의 오차가 5% 이내로 나타나고 있어 산지하천에서의 적용성이 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.75-86
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• 2005

Recently since urbanization has brought about a dried stream and a worse water quality, Anyang city discharged the third treated sewage into the upper stream of Anyancheon and Hakuicheon. As the result, Hakuicheon had the water level and velocity enough for a living thing in the water to live in but water quality was worse than it had been. Therefore in case of meeting the water level and velocity of the second grade water-quality which living things in the water can live in, the discharge and water quality to secure in-stream flow must be at least 0.350 $m^3/s$ and $BOD_5\;3.2 mg/{\iota}$ respectively. In Anyancheon the water level was increased a little higher than it had been but the velocity was almost unchanged in comparison with it before. On the other hand the water quality was a little better than it had been. Therefore in case of meeting the water level and velocity of the third grade water-quality that people can do water-friendly activity, the discharge and water quality to secure in-stream flow must be at least 0.688 $m^3/s$ and $BOD_5\;4.8 mg/{\iota}$ respectively. The water-quality prediction on the suggested eight scenarios was simulated in all satisfying the third grade water-quality.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.157-166
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• 2012

Most of the roads are paved with impermeable materials such as asphalt concrete and cement concrete, and in the event of heavy rainfall, rainwater directly flows into river through a drainage hole on the pavement surface. This large quantity of rainwater directly spilled into the river frequently leads to the flooding of urban streams, damaging lowlands and the lower reaches of a river. In recent years there has been a great deal of ongoing research concerning water permeability and drainage in pavements. Accordingly, in this research, a porous polymer concrete was developed for permeable pavement by using unsaturated polyester resin as a binder, recycled aggregate as coarse aggregate, fly ash and blast furnace slag as filler, and its physical and mechanical properties were investigated. Also, 3 types of permeable polymer block by optimum mix design were developed and rainfall runoff reduction effects by permeability pavement using permeable polymer block were analyzed based on hydraulic experimental model. The infiltration volume, infiltration ratio, runoff initial time and runoff volume in permeability pavement with permeable polymer block of $300{\times}300{\times}80$ mm were evaluated for 50, 100 and 200mm/hr rainfall intensity.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.157-163
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to understand imperviousness impact for the characteristics of stormwater runoff and water temperature. The land-use map was used to estimate the watershed imperviousness(percent of impermeable area) and the RMS(Remote Monitoring System) was used to evaluate the stormwater runoff of watershed. This study was investigated for two streams(Jiam and Gongji) in Chunchon City. The detailed results of these studies are as follows; The imperviousness(%) of two watersheds(Jiam and Gongji) estimated by spatial analysis which is main function of GIS were 0.24% and 24.16%. So, Gongji watershed as urban area was about 100 times than jiam watershed as forest area. In case of rainfall of low intensity, stormwater runoff flowrate in higher imperviousness area(Gongji) was more than it in forest area(jiam). Also, The time to peak flowrate(Tp) was short in Gongji stream and the water temperature difference between Gongji and Jiam stream was about $4.4^{\circ}C$ in summer.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2016

Bottom sediment pollution with heavy metals of the Sventoji River in Ukmerge, Lithuania using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry is analyzed in this article. During the research, qualitative and quantitative parameters of heavy metal concentrations and their distribution were investigated. This article presents obtained results of study, where bottom sediment samples were examined from both shores of the river of Sventoji. During this research, received data was treated using GIS software, which helped to interpolate the data of concentrations into the research polygon of the river. GIS software also helped to evaluate the urban runoff influence to the bottom sediment quality and exclude sources of pollution. The runoff dischargers which transport surface wastewater to the river were registered before sampling. At the mouth of streams, flowing into the river of Sventoji, additional samples were taken. After comprehensive river bottom sediment research there is a possibility to assess the extent of anthropogenic activity and its impact on the river ecosystem and human health.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.409-417
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• 2012

SWAT model was applied for the Nakdong River Basin to characterize water quality variability and assess the feasibility of using the load duration curve to water quality management. The basin was divided into 67 sub-basins considering various watershed environment, and rainfall runoff and pollutant loading were simulated based on 6 year measurements of meteo-hydrological data, discharge data of treatment plants, and water quality data (SS, T-N and T-P). The results demonstrate that non-point source loads during wet season increase by 80 ~ 95% of total loads. Although the rate of water flow governs the amount of SS that is transported to the main streams, nutrient concentrations are highly elevated during dry season by being concentrated. This phenomenon is more pronounced in the lower basin, receiving large amounts of urban point source discharges such as treated sewages. Also, the load duration curves (LDC) demonstrate dominant source problems based on the load exceedances, showing that SS concentrations are associated with the rainy season and nutrients, such as T-P, may be more concentrated at low flow and more diluted at higher flow. Overall, the LDC method could be used conveniently to assess watershed characteristics and pollutant loads in watershed scale.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.245-255
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• 2001

The management of water, both the quantity and the quality, has been one of the most important issues in the public investment and it is equally true in the field of sustainable development. Nevertheless, the jurisdiction of local governments has been delineated without much attention to the issue of the water management. In the planning of wide areas such as cities, countries, the metropolis, and the megalopolis, it is necessary to well arrange the geographical jurisdiction of local governments as a unit of region. The river water system, including small streams to large rivers, should be given its due share in the planning and jurisdictional delineation. The traditional concept of the local government's jurisdiction emphasizing the accessibility may be fading away. Instead, the efficiency of the public management would be the main concept in determining the jurisdiction of local governments. The river improvement, the waterworks, the sewage, the maintenance of water quality, the space of water recreation, are relatively important in the efficient management of that area. This paper argues for the equalization between the geographical jurisdiction of local governments and watersheds. To this end, I do case studies of the local governments areas such as Ri(里), Eup Myon(邑 面), Si Gun(市 郡), KyangyokSi Do(廣域市 道). The study interprets ARS will be one of the principles of land use and the reorganization of the local jurisdiction in the future as a geo-systematic and the eco-systematic criteria.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.123-131
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• 1997

Since the industrial revolution. the growth of cities has been especially apid and the rate of ulbanization has been high. This urban development is encroaching on the natural environment because the cities are developed with not only residential estates, industrial area and buildings but also with infrastructure. The surface area of the city is sealed ,with pavement whereas nature is disturbed and modified. The hydrological cycle in the city is inf1uenced by the change of land use I. e., from forest to agricultural land, talc draining of wetlands and above all the increase of built-up areas. The surface retention and interception of precipitation in the city is reduced. because the surface area is now smooth and solid. The characteristics of the hydrological cycle in the city are increased runoff, reduced evapotranspiration and infiltraction . We have too much faith in technology although it may cause more unforseen problems. We build more river banks and 'emulation dams and straighten rivers and streams in order to protect ourselves from disasters.. However. the results of hose developments are often higher$.$ water levels, the disturbance of aquatic ecosystems and the reduction of biodiversity. Therefore, we should examine problems from the hydrological cycle in cities and study a natural system as close cities to nature as possible. This paper shows the problems caused by the hydrological cycle in the city. The ecology-oriented method and design must be used in order to protect our environment from dicturbance.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.12-27
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is carried out to present the raw data for restoring and maintaining an urban stream by objective surveying and analysing about flora in Changwon stream and Nam stream, Changwon-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea. The results are as follows. The numbers of vascular plants were summarized as 248 taxa; 71 families, 184 genera, 220 species, 26 varieties and 2 forma. The numbers of vascular plants by streams were 202 taxa in Changwon stream and 206 taxa in Nam stream. The endemic plant was Salix pseudolasiogyne. The rare plants designated by Korea Foret Service were 2 taxa; Aristolochia contorta and Koelreuteria paniculata. The specific plants by floristic region were 12 taxa; Aphananthe aspera, Artemisia selengensis, Indigofera pseudotinctoria and so forth. The naturalized plants were 37 taxa; Ailanthus altissima, Amaranthus patulus, Amorpha fruticosa and so forth. The invasive alien plants designated by Ministry of Environment were 4 taxa; Ambrosia artemisiifolia var. elatior, Aster pilosus, Rumex acetocella and Solanum carolinense. The UI (Urbanized Index) and NI (Naturalized Index) were 13.6% and 18.3% in Changwon stream and 13.6% and 17.9% in Nam stream.