• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.749-762
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• 2018

In this study, the changes of the sunshine environment due to the construction of buildings were analyzed by season. Using a geographic information system (GIS) data, the topography and the buildings were constructed around Pukyong National University (PKNU) in Busan. The numerical model was performed for a week in each season, before and after the construction of buildings. Even before the construction of the high-rise building complex, the area of sunshine block is wide due to the apartment complex located in the southeast of the PKNU campus and the mountain in the south. After the construction, the sunshine-blocked area became wider after the sunrise and before the sunset. The area of sunshine block after 1 hour at sunrise increased by 1.60%, 1.50%, 1.58% and 1.36% in the vernal equinox, summer solstice, autumnal equinox and winter solstice, respectively. The building complex in the east (south) of the PKNU campus made shadow in more than 1,000 m (750 m) toward the west (east) just before the sunrise (sunset). Especially, the sunshine duration in PKNU campus decreased by 46.61%, 22.75%, 58.56%, and 11.31% in the vernal equinox, summer solstice, autumnal equinox and winter solstice, respectively. The analysis of the sunshine duration for a dormitory building showed that the construction of the building complex in the south of the PKNU campus reduced the sunshine area of the western (southern) wall of the dormitory by 30.91% (49.45%) for a winter week.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.33-47
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• 2017

This mixed-use Raffles City (RCH) development is located near the Qiantang River in Hangzhou, the capital of Zhejiang province, located southwest of Shanghai, China. The project incorporates retail, offices, housing, and hotel facilities and marks the site of a cultural landscape within the Quianjiang New Town Area. The project is composed of two 250-meter-tall twisting towers with a form of vibrant waves, along with a commercial podium and three stories of basement car parking. It reaches a height of 60 stories, presenting views both to and from the Qiantang River and West Lake areas, with a total floor area of almost 400,000 square meters. A composite moment frame plus concrete core structural system was adopted for the tower structures. Concrete filled steel tubular (CFT) columns together with steel reinforced concrete (SRC) beams form the outer moment frame of the towers' structure. The internal slabs and floor beams are of reinforced concrete. This paper presents the engineering design and construction of this highly complex project. Through comprehensive discussion and careful elaboration, some conclusions are reached, which serve as a reference guide for the design and construction of similar free-form, hybrid, mix-use buildings.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.149-164
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• 2021

Most of high-rise buildings in Japan^*1 are structure with damping systems recently. The design procedure is performance-based design (PBD), which is based on the nonlinear response history procedure (NRHP) using 2 or 3-dimentional frame model. In addition, hysteretic property of steel plates or velocity-dependent property of viscous dampers are common practice for the damping system. However, for the selection of damping system, the easy dynamic analysis of recent date may lead the most of engineers to focus attention on the maximum response only without thinking how it shakes. By nature, the seismic design shall be to figure out the action of inertia forces by complex & dynamic loads including periodic and pulse-like characteristics, what we call seismic ground motion. And it shall be done under the dynamic condition. On the contrary, we engineers engineers have constructed the easy-to-use static loads and devoted ourselves to handle them. The structures with damping system shall be designed considering how the stiffness & damping to be applied to the structures against the inertia forces with the viewpoint of dynamic aspect. In this paper we reconsider the role of damping in vibration and give much thought to the basic of shake with damping from a standpoint of structural design. Then, we present some design examples based on them.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.51-56
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• 2016

Purpose: As declines in the quality of residential environments occur, such as urban heat island effect, tropical night phenomenon, and violations of right to light and privacy due to urban densification and high rise building, these problems are emerging as social issues. In order to improve these issues, design factors which consider environmental aspects must be selected when planning apartment complexes, and ways to reflect them in the planning phase must be explored. Method: In this study, the analytical hierarchy process(AHP) was used to deduce design factors that considered environmental elements during the planning of apartment complexes. Furthermore, the priority and weight for each evaluation index were assessed. The objective was to propose a guideline for planning apartment complexes by finding the best solution for each evaluation index using complex weight values. Result: Floor area ratio was selected as the most important evaluation criterion in the environmentally conscious evaluation index for apartment complex planning. The shape and placement of skylights were selected as the most important evaluation criteria in the sunshine environment for a pleasant residential environment. Ground surface cover design was selected as the most important criterion in the outdoor thermal environment index for improving the microclimate within cities and apartment complexes. Thus, the results of this study can serve as an investigation guideline that concerns policy and regulations, and as reference data that can be used in planning apartment complexes.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.113-125
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• 2020

Beginning in the late 19th century, construction of skyscrapers spread throughout Chicago, New York City, and then the world as demand of space in buildings and increase of cost of land. With this change curtain wall systems have evolved to be more visually complex; these unique profiles of the skyscraper became powerful images and symbols of our cities. A curtain wall is defined as usually aluminum-framed wall containing in-fills of glass and metal panels. The framing is attached to the building structure and does not carry the floor or roof loads of the building.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.125-130
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• 2008

The new apartments has been rapidly built through the outskirts of Cheong-ju city since the latter half of 1980's. So, the population decreased in Seong-an dong and Jung-ang dong which are located in traditional urban area of Cheong-ju. Also, residential areas became obsolete and residential buildings happened to be vacant and empty. For urban rehabilitation, the city authorities will construct the high-rise complex housings with stores in the traditional urban area. We have doubts about whether the rapid change of new housing construction is right or not. Therefore, It is necessary to give a correct diagnosis of the present state from urban atrophy, keeping this area sustainable with traditionality and locality. This study is to examine and analysis in detail distribution patterns and habitable floor area by house types in Seong-an dong and Jung-ang dong which are located in traditional urban area of Cheong-ju. The result are as follows; the residential buildings as the 2,680 houses(including detached and apartment houses) and the 804 shop houses are distributed with 3,484(67%) of the whole 5,183 buildings and form 28percent of the whole floor areas. A distribution and area ratio of houses to shop houses is irrespectively about 76 : 24percent. The average floor area is represented with $66m^2$/household and $28.5m^2$/person. It shows that a hollowing out of urban area has caused the surplus of residential buildings and floor areas.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.101-107
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• 2005

The reason that compulsory removals of a low-quality housing redevelopment such as involuntary or unintentional migration present a problem for urban communities is that whether involuntary movers adapt themselves to their new home has an influence on the urban communities that surround them. Moreover, involuntary emigrants have higher probability of choosing faulty residential areas than voluntary emigrants do. This gives rise to a problem of another residential migration for involuntary movers. In order to solve these problems, there is a need for a new housing policy that enables original residents to come back to their old community. However studies for resettlement had not conducted subjects about housing redevelopment characteristics which influences the involuntary movers directly. Instead personal microscopic characteristics such as statistics of resettlement, the moving distance, the reason of moving, improvement of living environment, had been main subjects of farmer studies. So the purpose of this study is to analyze an analysis of the relationship between resettlement and housing redevelopment characteristics. The data used in this study was obtained at 47 areas designated by Seoul (metropolis) since 1990 for redevelopment. Cluster Analysis Is used for dividing high rate of resettlement with low rate of resettlement and Regression Analysis is used for the analysis of the relationship between resettlement and housing redevelopment characteristics. The results of examining the effects of a redeveloped housing complex on returning residents at 47 areas designated by Seoul (metropolis) since 1990 fur redevelopment are as follows: First, A housing complex with a high returning rate (remove-in rate?) has no state/public land, unauthorized building owners who are in the low-income brackets, and few interested parties such as union members. This is the characteristic of a redeveloped housing complex with a short-period project span. On the contrary, a housing complex that has a low returning rate is crowded by state/public land, and numerous unauthorized building owners, and interested parties. Second, According to the linear regression analysis, among the factors that affect returning residents, 'physical properties(characteristics) of a region', 'population properties within a region', and 'properties of a project span' indicate a negative(-)influence whereas 'properties of a complex density' shows a positive(+) influence. In a nutshell, the more the physical properties, population properties, projectspan properties, the lower the returning rate and the more the complex density properties, the higher the returning rate. In detail, an area with many small land and new/large buildings, a high population, and a long project duration has a low returning rate of original residents while an area holding large capacity and buildings with many number of floors (multiple-storied building) has a high returning rate.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 2016

Today's architecture can be best understood only through the recognition of pluralism, and, as is true of other building types, multiple design directions are prevalent for tall buildings. This contemporary design trend has produced many complex-shaped tall buildings, such as twisted, tilted and tapered form towers. Among many different structural systems developed for tall buildings, the outrigger system, with its inherent structural efficiency and flexibility in façade design, is widely used for contemporary tall buildings. This paper studies structural performance of outrigger systems employed for complex-shaped tall buildings. Twisted, tilted and tapered tall buildings are designed with outrigger structures, and their structural performance is investigated. For the twisted outrigger study, the buildings are twisted up to 3 degrees per floor. In the tilted outrigger study, the angles of tilting range from 0 to 13 degrees. The impact of eccentricity is investigated for gravity as well as lateral loads in tilted towers. In the study of tapered outrigger structures, the angles of tapering range from 0 to 3 degrees. Parametric structural models are generated using appropriate computer programs for these studies, and the models are exported to structural engineering software for design and analyses.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.243-250
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• 2016

Today's architectural design trend based on the recognition of pluralism has led to multiple design directions for all building types including tall buildings. This contemporary design trend has produced many complex-shaped tall buildings, such as twisted, tilted, tapered and freeform towers. Among many different structural systems developed for tall buildings, the diagrid system, with its powerful structural rationale and distinguished aesthetic potential, is one of the most widely used systems for today's tall buildings. This paper studies structural performance of diagrid systems employed for complex-shaped tall buildings. Twisted, tilted, tapered and freeform tall buildings are designed with diagrid structures, and their structural performances are investigated. For the twisted diagrid study, the buildings are twisted up to 3 degrees per floor. In the tilted diagrid study, the angles of tilting range from 0 to 13 degrees. The impact of eccentricity is investigated for gravity as well as lateral loads in tilted towers. In the study of tapered diagrid structures, the angles of tapering range from 0 to 3 degrees. In the study of freeform diagrid structures, lateral stiffness of freeform diagrids is evaluated depending on the degree of fluctuation of free form. The freeform floor plans fluctuate from plus/minus 1.5 meter to plus/minus 4.5 meter boundaries of the original square floor plan. Parametric structural models are generated using appropriate computer programs and the models are exported to structural engineering software for design, analyses and comparative studies.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.85-92
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• 2009

Urban regeneration projects have been actively proceeding all over Korea. Urban regeneration has become a critical issue in the domestic construction industry, with environmental-friendly construction and high-rise buildings being emphasized. Because these projectstend to become complex, urban regeneration projects require interest and approach on a level of program management that includes traditional project management. This paper develops aprototype for a new program management information system of a supports the promotion of urban regeneration projects through the deduction of the requirements about system. The prototype of the program management information system includes functions that supply diverse information, support the process and legislation of an urban regeneration project, manage stakeholders, support decision-making, estimate and manage program risks, and manage the program level.