• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.211-218
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• 2016

Cheonggye-cheon is a partly restored urban stream located in central Seoul. We monitored fecal contamination using three different fecal indicators, total coliforms (TC), fecal coliforms (FC) and E. coli, to assess differences in each indicator on days of varying weather conditions. Presumptive TC, FC and E. coli colonies were identified by their 16S rRNA sequences. The results showed that enumeration of E. coli provided a better reflection of fecal contamination of the stream than TC and FC. The main sources of contamination were the inflow of fecal-polluted groundwater from the vicinity of a subway line and two inflowing streams. The fecal contamination was worsened on days with heavy rain because untreated sewage from a collecting facility flowed into the stream. Moreover, growth potential of fecal indicator (E. coli) in situ induced by algal exudates was measured. Our results suggest that an appropriate standard based on E. coli rather than TC and FC should be established for improving water quality management strategies of Cheonggye-cheon in the future.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.491-500
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• 2017

하천수량은 하천의 수질, 생태환경보전에 있어 가장 근원적이고 기본적인 사항으로 매우 중요한 요소이다. 본 연구의 목적은 경기도 도심하천의 불투수면적률에 따른 하천수량 변화 원인 및 영향을 분석하여, 경기도 도심하천의 하천수량 확보 방안 및 하천관리 정책에 반영할 있는 자료를 제시하는 것이다. 이를 위해 안양천유역, 탄천유역, 오산천유역을 표본 도심하천으로 선정하고, 불투수면적률(%ISA)에 따른 하천수량 및 수질의 변화와 직 간접적인 하천수 확보방안을 검토하였다. 그 결과를 정리하면 다음과 같다. 안양천유역, 탄천유역, 오산천유역의 불투수면적률은 2014년을 기준으로 약 10년전 보다 각각 5.32%, 6.32%, 7.22% 증가하였으며, 전반적으로 불투수면적률이 증가할수록 유출계수는 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 하천 재이용수량은 탄천유역에서 하천수 확보에 긍정적 효과가 나타났지만 안양천유역과 오산천유역은 하천수 확보 효과가 미흡하였다. 그러나 하천 재이용수량으로 인해 각 하천 수질등급이 개선되는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.26-37
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• 2004

Most domestic small rivers and streams due to industrialization and urbanization have managed by concrete structures. The environmental functions of the river and stream are disappearing and urban streams play only the role of drainage systems. Also, the researches to restore natural streams are something yet to develop and not established the restoration for ecological functions of a small stream. Therefore the researches are required to develop ecological engineering system for watershed management system to handle various pollutants with restoration for ecological functions of a small stream. To develop this, the ecological engineering system for watershed management system could be developed with ecological conservation. In addition, ecological engineering system for watershed management system should be prior to conserve the habitat of biological resources and water conservation and applied to the original shape of streams. Also, it should be designed to restore the micro-topography of stream, the habitat of plant population in watershed. It is needed to develop the integrated researches to restore a small stream ecosystem.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2005년도 학술발표회(1)
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• pp.571-571
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• 2005

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.16-27
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• 2020

본 연구는 서울시 도심 하천 중 국가하천인 중랑천을 대상으로 보전지역 설정 프로그램인 Marxan with zones 프로그램을 기반으로 한 하천 내 보전지역 설정 및 생태적 관리방안을 제시하였다. Marxan with zones 프로그램 적용은 유역권(planning unit) 설정, 맵핑지표(mapping index) 적용, 반복적인 분석을 위한 수치보정, 분석을 통한 시나리오 별 최적안 작성, 시나리오 별 민감도 분석, 시나리오 중 최적안 검토 및 선정 단계로 진행하였다. 중랑천 내 보전지역 설정 결과, 기존에 보전지역으로 지정 및 관리하고 있는 중랑천 상류 야생생물보호구역을 포함한 다수의 유역권과 중랑천 하류의 철새보호구역을 포함한 유역권이 핵심보전지역으로 설정되었다. 상류는 중랑천을 중심으로 수락산과 도봉산 등 산림이 인접하여 다수의 야생조류가 관찰되었다. 하류는 한강 합수부, 청계천 합수부 등 하천생태계가 인접하여 하천을 따라 이동하는 철새 도래지이다. 따라서 중랑천 상류와 하류는 유역권 내 도봉산, 수락산, 응봉산 등 산림생태계, 도심 내 녹지, 청계천 합수부, 한강 합수부 등 다양한 생태계와 연결되어 있어 보전지역 설정에 영향을 주었다. 본 연구는 보전지역 검증 시 Marxan with zones 프로그램을 통한 기존 보전지역 설정 및 평가를 검증하였고, 프로그램을 통해 핵심보전지역으로 도출된 유역권을 생태적으로 관리하기 위해 하천 내 관리방안과 유역권 관리방안으로 구분하여 제시하였다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2024

Otters, designated as Class I endangered wildlife due to population declines resulting from urban development and stream burial, have seen increased appearances in freshwater environments since the nationwide ban on stream filling in 2020 and the implementation of urban stream restoration projects. There is a pressing need for scientific and strategic conservation measures for otters, an umbrella and vulnerable species in aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, this study predicts potential otter habitats using the species distribution model MaxEnt, focusing on Hwangguji Stream in Suwon, and proposes conservation strategies. Otter signs were surveyed over three years from 2019 to 2021 with citizen scientists, serving as presence data for the model. The model's outcomes were enhanced by analyzing 'river nature map' as a boundary. MaxEnt compared the performance of 60 combinations of feature classes and regularization multipliers to prevent model complexity and overfitting. Additionally, unmanned sensor cameras observed otter density for model validation, confirming correlations with the species distribution model results. The 'LQ-5.0' parameter combination showed the highest explanatory power with an AUC of 0.853. The model indicated that the 'adjacent land use' variable accounted for 31.5% of the explanation, with a preference for areas around cultivated lands. Otters were found to prefer shelter rates of 10-30% in riparian forests within 2 km of bridges. Higher otter densities observed by unmanned sensors correlated with increasing model values. Based on these results, the study suggests three conservation strategies: establishing stable buffer zones to enhance ecological connectivity, improving water quality against non-point source pollution, and raising public awareness. The study provides a scientific basis for potential otter habitat management, effective conservation through governance linking local governments, sustainable biodiversity goals, and civil organizations.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2005년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.328-331
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• 2005

Cheonggyecheon, covered and Paved with concretes for about more than 50 years, is a losing stream crossing over the downtown of Seoul, Korea. Due to several environmental and economic Problems about the Cheonggyecheon area, the Cheonggyecheon restoration construction has started in 2003. In restoration of Cheonggyecheon, hydraulic barriers are to be installed so as to reduce stream depletion rates for maintaining the stream flow with supplying a certain amount of water. This study evaluates the groundwater-stream interaction by analyzing stream depletion rates of Cheonggyecheon. Results show that significant stream depletion occurs at the up-midstream where the Seoul subway lines are concentrated. Simulation results demonstrate that both horizontal and vertical hydraulic barriers impeding groundwater flow into subway lines are more efficient than a horizontal barrier only for stream depletion rate reduction.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.175-184
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• 2014

Weirs are conventional structures that control water level and velocity in streams to facilitate water resource management. Despite many weirs built in streams, there is little information how weirs change hydrology regime and how that translates to sediment and phosphorus (P) responses. This study evaluated the influence of weirs on P retention and mobilization in an urban tributary of the Han River in Korea. Total P concentrations in sediments upstream of weirs were higher than the downstream site, mainly due to the increase of potentially available fractions (labile P and aluminum- and iron-bound P) (p < 0.05). Equilibrium phosphorus concentrations ($EPC_o$) were lower than soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) concentrations of stream waters, but there was an increasing trend of sediment $EPC_o$ upstream of weirs compared to the downstream site (p < 0.001) indicating a greater potential for P release upstream of weirs. Sediment core incubation showed that SRP release rates upstream of weirs were higher than the downstream site under anoxic conditions of the water column (p < 0.01), but not under oxic conditions. SRP release rates under anoxic conditions were greater than that measured under oxic conditions. Un-neutral pH and increased temperature could also enhance SRP release rates upstream of weirs. We conclude that weirs can increase P retention within stream sediments and potentially promote significant P releases into waters, which in turn cause eutrophication.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.85-95
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• 2024

Background: In Korea, riparian zones and some floodplains have been converted into agricultural fields and urban areas. However, there are essential for maintaining biodiversity, as they are important ecological spaces. There are also very important spaces for humanity, as they perform various ecosystem services in a changing environment including climate change. Due to the importance of rivers, river restoration projects have been promoted for a long time, but their achievement has been insignificant. Development should be pursued by thoroughly evaluating the success of the restoration project. Ecological restoration is to accelerate succession, a process that a disturbed ecosystem recovers itself, with human assistance. Ecological restoration can be a test bed for testing ecological theories in the field. In this respect, ecological restoration should go beyond a 'simple landscaping exercise' and apply ecological models and theories in restoration practice. Results: The cross-section of the restored stream is far from natural rivers due to its steep slope and artificial material. The vegetation profiles of the restored streams did not reflect the flooding regime of the river. The species composition of the vegetation in the restored stream showed a significant difference from that of the reference stream, and was also different from that of an unrestored urban stream. Although species richness was high and the proportion of exotic species was low in the restored stream, the effect was offset by the high proportion of gardening and landscaping plants or obligate terrestrial plants. Conclusions: Based on both the morphological and ecological characteristics of the river, the restoration effect in the restored stream was evaluated to be very low. In order to solve the problems, a systematic adaptive management plan is urgently required. Furthermore, it is necessary to institutionalize the evaluation of restoration effects for the development of river restoration projects in the future.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.263-274
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 도시하천의 생태복원사업 이후 친수시설의 모니터링 방법을 연구하고 그 결과를 바탕으로 관리구역의 설정과 유지관리방안을 제시하는데 있다. 이를 위해 친수시설의 유지관리모니터링 항목을 '이용공간 시설물', '산책로 및 자전거도로', '접근로', '안내판'으로 구분하였다. 각 친수시설의 평가는 '관리상태', '안전성', '이용정도'를 기준으로, '양호', '보통', '불량' 등급으로 구분하였다. 전주천을 대상으로 500m간격의 총 15개 구간을 조사 및 평가하여 친수시설마다 '우선관리', '일반관리', '유지/제거', '제거' 여부를 결정하고 이를 바탕으로 구간별 관리구역설정과 유지관리방안을 제시하였다. 전주천에서 '우선관리'가 필요한 시설이 5~9개로 나타난 J2, J3, J4, J9 구간은 '집중관리구역', '우선관리'가 필요한 시설이 1~3개로 나타난 J5, J6, J7, J8, J11, J14 구간은 '정기관리구역'으로 설정되었다. '우선관리'할 시설이 없는 J1, J10, J12, J13, J15구간은 '최소관리구역'으로 설정되었다. 본 연구의 모니터링 및 평가, 유지관리구역 설정과정은 향후 거버넌스가 참여하여 하천 친수시설물의 체계적인 유지관리계획을 마련하는데 적용될 수 있다.