• 한국조경학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2013

본 연구는 도시녹지에 관한 현행 중국의 법제도를 조사하여 도시녹지의 종류와 도시거주구 녹지의 설치 기준을 항목별로 분류해 봄으로써 그 속성을 이해하고, 국내 규정과 상이한 특이점을 분석 고찰함으로써 향후 이들 법규의 국내 도입 여부를 위한 기초 자료를 제공하고자 수행되었다. 본 연구를 통해 도출된 결과는 다음과 같이 요약할 수 있다. 첫째, 공원녹지, 생산녹지, 방호녹지, 부속녹지, 기타녹지 등 5종류로 구분되는 중국의 도시녹지는 공원과 녹지 개념이 동시에 포함되어 있는 점이 공원과 녹지가 엄밀히 구분되어 있는 국내의 공원녹지 개념과는 상이하며, 종합공원, 공동체공원, 전문공원 및 대상(帶狀)공원 등으로 구분되는 중국의 도시공원의 종류는 하위 법규인 '도시녹지분류표준'에서 밝히고 있다. 둘째, 옥상조경 시 중국에서는 주민 출입이 용이한 지하나 반지하 건물의 옥상 외에는 옥상조경의 조경면적을 도시녹지의 녹지율 산입에 포함시키지 않고 있고, 도시 주민들의 생활환경 확보를 위해 거주구 계획 설계 시의 녹지 요구 조항과 거주구, 소구(小區), 조단(組團) 등 거주구 종류별 의무적 공공녹지 확보율이 구체적으로 명시되어 있다. 셋째, 거주구 내 녹지계획 시 녹지계통 수립이 의무화되고, 기존 수목과 녹지의 보존 이용을 명시하고 있다. 녹지율은 구거주구 재정비시의 경우 신거주구 건설시보다 완화시켜 주고, 특이하게 녹지 경사도를 별도로 명시하고 있다. 거주구공원, 어린이공원(소유원(小遊園)), 조단(組團)녹지 등 각급 중심녹지의 설치 내용, 요구사항 및 최소 면적 규모가 명시되어 있고, 특히 조단녹지의 일종인 정원식 조단녹지는 폐쇄형 녹지와 개방형 녹지로 분류하여, 다층 고층 건물별로 남 북측 건물 간격과 녹지 면적 확보치를 밝히고 있으며, 녹지 면적 계산법이 별도의 규범에 제시되어 있다. 넷째, 거주구별 달성해야 할 거주구 내 공공녹지의 1인당 확보 면적인 총 지표가 정해져 있고, 이 경우 노후 구역 재정비시에는 일정치까지 완화할 수 있다. 공공녹지의 위치와 규모, 최소폭, 개소당 최소 면적 등이 명시되어 있고, 도로와의 인접, 전체 면적 대비 녹화 면적비, 개방적 공간 확보, 일조음영선 범위 등 공간 배치 원칙이 규정되어 있다. 다섯째, 지하관선 설치 시의 녹지 고려 사항으로 지하관선과 주변 녹화수목과의 최소 수평 이격거리가 명시되어 있고, 공공서비스 시설 중 녹지 설치를 위해 종류별 서비스 내용에 따른 녹지 설치 원칙이 규정되어 있다. 국내 규정에는 없는 중국 법규만의 특이점에 대한 국내 도입 여부의 검토가 향후 요구되고, 이상의 연구 결과는 중국의 도시녹지 관련 법제도 연구의 당면성에 대한 국내 조경가들의 공감대를 형성하는데 기여할 수 있을 것이며, 나아가 조경 법제도의 국제화 진입의 계기 역할을 하게 될 것이다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.57-69
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• 2021

Urban green spaces supply ecosystem services (ESs), which are consumed by city residents and generate demand, to improve air quality. It is important to determine supply and demand for ESs and reduce the gap for efficient management. This study proposed a method to use the concept of supply and demand for ESs in the decision-making process for urban planning or management. PM₁₀ concentrations were converted to weight for demand assessment on PM₁₀ reduction, and PM₁₀ absorption capacity of all green spaces including the forests, and that of urban green spaces excluding forests, was calculated for each supply assessment. The differences in the calculated supply and demand were analyzed to derive the mismatched regions in Suwon. As a result, regions with big forested areas showed sufficient supply, indicating that the degree of mismatch among administrative neighborhoods (dong) varied greatly depending on whether they had a forest. An analysis of only urban green spaces showed that all neighborhoods lacked supply. Forests with high PM₁₀ absorption capacity had a great effect, but urban green spaces can be considered a key element in reducing PM₁₀ in daily life. Considering the mismatch of supply and demand, spatial distribution, and population distribution, it is possible to prioritize the supply of urban green spaces to reduce PM₁₀ and, furthermore, support decision making for priority zones subject to forest conservation and designation and cancellation of green spaces, which gives significance to this study.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.246-252
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• 2016

From 2000s, modular construction has gained more attention due to many advantages such as reduction of duration, recycling. The modular structure is being used for urban regeneration recently. However, even though most facilities in the modular structures which are used as urban regeneration building are commercial spaces, exhibition spaces, eating and drinking spaces, there are lack of natural or mechanical ventilation systems. Also, there are relatively limited spaces on modular structure characteristic. Therefore, indoor environment performance of four buildings, which are performed as urban regeneration in Seoul, was evaluated by HCHO and $CO_2$ emissions. Consequently, the HCHO and $CO_2$ emissions of the commercial and exhibition spaces were confirmed that can influence on health of occupants. Therefore, the urban regeneration modular structure needs to add local ventilation systems for improvement of indoor air quality to more healthy and comfortable.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.18-36
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• 2006

The purpose of this research was to establish a green-networks from the perfective of landscape ecology in order to improve the function of urban green spaces. The study site was Dalsu-Gu in Daegu City. This research consisted of three phases. In the first phase, field surveys were carried out in order to understand existing distribution pattern of green spaces in the study site. 533 green spaces surveyed in the first phase were classified into 7 patterns and 24 types. The total area of the green spaces in Dalsu-gu was 3,329ha. Specifically the area of the 'urban nature parks' type was 57.49% of the total area of green spaces in Dalsu-gu, and it was expected that 'urban nature parks' type can play important roles in the green-networks in Dalsu-gu. Two analysis with green spaces in 9 types including 'urban nature parks', 'rivers' and 'neighborhood parks' were performed to establish a basic network frame of the green-networks. In the second phase, 'mutual connectivity analysis' and 'mutual matrix analysis' were performed to select core green spaces of a green-networks using 'areas of each green space and a distance between each space' and 'a rate of green spaces and a rate of water permeable pavement'. The results of the second phase indicated that, in mutual connectivity analysis, large green spaces apart from each other were evaluated as having higher mutual connectivity than small green spaces near to each other. In mutual matrix analysis, the green spaces with higher mutual connectivity and the small green spaces near to each other were evaluated as having better mutual matrix. In the last phase, we structured a basic frame of the green-networks in Dalsu-Gu. The results suggested that the basic frame of the green-networks in Dalsu-Gu was composed on four green-network axes and its shape mirrored a cruciform(+) of northwest${\longleftrightarrow}$southeast directions and southwest${\longleftrightarrow}$northeast directions, The Duryu neighborhood park is at the central point of this green-networks.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.362-374
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• 2013

정보통신기술은 사회적 활동과 커뮤니케이션 방식을 변화시켜왔으며, 그 과정에서 온라인 공간과 오프라인 공간은 전자가 후자를 대체하고 침식하는 이분적 공간으로 생각되어왔다. 본 연구의 목적은 국지적인 사회적 활동과 커뮤니케이션이 수행되는 도시 공간이 온라인 커뮤니케이션과 오프라인 커뮤니케이션의 교차를 통해 시공간적으로 어떻게 구성되고, 온라인 공간을 통해 어떻게 '재매개'되는지를 탐구하는 것이다. 이를 위해 2013년 1월에 영남대학교 박물관에서 실시된 '영남지역의 역사와 문화'라는 주제의 '지역 교육' 연수를 사례로 살펴본다. 본 연구는 온라인 공간을 통한 커뮤니케이션의 증대는 오프라인 공간에서 '부재적 현존'이나 '장소상실'의 확장을 야기한다는 이분법적 관점을 비판하면서, 오프라인 공간을 재매개하는 온라인공간은 오프라인 공간의 시공간적 제약을 초월하는 공간이 아니라 반대로 도시 공간과 장소의 공간적, 시간적, 물질적, 사회적, 문화적 환경을 반영하는 공간이라는 것을 주장한다.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.675-680
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• 2010

Temperature is one of the main issues in climate change, and the urban heat island effect in highly developed urban areas is an important issue that we need to deal with. This study analyzed the extent of the cooling effects of urban green spaces. The study used a surface temperature map of Seoul. It found that the cooling effects of green space was observed within limited distances, although it varied a little depending on the parks investigated. The cooling effect distance ranged from 240m to 360m, averaging about 300m. It also found the size of an urban green space does not make much difference in cooling the surrounding areas. Although further investigation with diverse urban areas should be conducted on this matter, the results did imply that many small green spaces in the neighborhood are more effective than a single big green space in mitigating the heat island effects of cities.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2024

This study was motivated by the need to identify the characteristics of professionals involved in planning exterior spaces in urban development projects and to provide guidelines for maintaining the identity of urban images. Urban development's impact on external spaces can alter the image of the urban structure, especially due to the many boundaries between urban and rural areas. Therefore, there is a need for public standards for external spaces in such projects. This study collects and analyzes experts' opinions to understand the characteristics of each professional, selects the relative importance of each, and uses this as a guideline for step-by-step deliberation in planning external spaces. The research scope includes analyzing each expert's characteristics based on the external space evaluation items from Lee Limjeong's 2023 study, which builds upon existing research, and presenting the importance and priority of each expert. As a methodology, a questionnaire was conducted for each expert group using the indicators established in Lee Lim Jung's 2023 study for external spaces in urban development projects. An in-depth analysis was performed using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) for each expert. Using AHP analysis, the composite weight for each of the 17 detailed items was first adjusted by the number of item weights to account for the classification level of the large and detailed items. Then, the composite importance was calculated by multiplying the importance of the large, medium, and detailed classifications. The calculated composite importance was finally adjusted by applying the number of item weights again, ensuring the sum of the 17 importance values equals 1. The final importance calculated through this process was then presented by occupation.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.1-14
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• 1995

The aspect of visual accessibility to urban green spaces is an important factor because it contributes making pleasant environment by increasing the visual experience of nature in urban environment. But we have tried neither to consider nor to measure it. Since he concept of visual accessibility has not formally defined yet, it was operationally defined in this study. And then the model of measuring visual accessibility was suggested and verified through the case study on neighborhood parks in Seoul. The findings are as follows : 1) The concept of visual accessibility is defined as opportunity and potentiality to observe green spaces. 2) The model of measuring visual accessibility deals with not only adjacent area but also viewshed area. In adjacent area, considering factors are the area of road adjacent to green spaces and the area of exposed green spaces. In viewshed area, considering factors are the area of road located in viewshed area, the area of exposed green spaces, and the weight according to observing distance. 3) The final model of measuring visual accessibility suggested in this study is as follows.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.141-147
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• 2012

The rapid urbanization in developing countries is accelerating both the depletion and fragmentation of urban green space, despite the known positive effects of green spaces on the environmental conditions in cities and the quality of life of residents. Consequently, there is a need for practical tools that can support the development of networks of urban green spaces. This article presents a study that used a GIS-based least cost path (LCP) analysis to identify the best alternative for developing an urban green space network in the coastal city of Jakarta, Indonesia, which was based on the evaluation of topography and land use characteristics. Pair-wise analysis was used to reduce the sensitivity in the LCP model. The results showed that the coastal wetlands in the northern part of Jakarta and the agricultural fields in the suburban areas of Jakarta play an important role in connecting the green space network. On the other hand, some green spaces in the central part of Jakarta could not be connected by the LCP model. The method used in this study can serve as a tool to support the identification of networks of potential urban green spaces. It can also provide useful information for sustainable urban landscape planning and management in urban ecosystems. However, the inclusion of socio-economic criteria would further improve the model.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.134-142
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• 1998

THe purpose of this study is to suggest the major determinants of visual preference in the outdoor spaces of urban office buildings. For this, the spatial image was analyzed by the factor analysis algorithm. The level of visual preferences was measured by a slide simulation test, and these data were analyzed by the multiple regressioni. The result of this study can be summarized as follows; Factors covering the spatial image were found to be 'mystery','changeability','coherence' and 'legibility'. T.V. was obtained as 58.4%. Outdoor spaces of urban office buildings were classified into four groups by the multi dimensional scaling method. As for the analysis of imageability in each spatial type, the factor scores of measuring high values were different for all types. Type II, IV obtained higher rank of visual preference and type III, I obtained lower. For all types, the factors of visual preference were found to be 'mystery','changeability','coherence' and 'legibility'. The visual preference determinants of urban setting focused on outdoor spaces of urban office buildings may be the major factors which must be considered in planning and designing as the functional basis for the quantitative analysis.