• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.209-214
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• 2018

The subway, which is an urban railway, is the core of public transportation. Urban railways are always exposed to serious problems such as theft, crime and terrorism, as many passengers use them. Especially, due to the nature of urban railway environment, the scope of surveillance is widely dispersed and the range of surveillance target is rapidly increasing. Therefore, it is difficult to perform comprehensive management by passive surveillance like existing CCTV. In this paper, we propose the implementation, design method and object recognition algorithm for intelligent object recognition system in urban railway. The object recognition system that we propose is to analyze the camera images in the history and to recognize the situations where there are objects in the landing area and the waiting area that are not moving for more than a certain time. The proposed algorithm proved its effectiveness by showing detection rate of 100% for Selected area detection, 82% for detection in neglected object, and 94% for motionless object detection, compared with 84.62% object recognition rate using existing Kalman filter.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.407-414
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• 2017

With an increase in urban crimes in various forms, this study is intended to analyze the effectiveness of the service design that presented a new model resolving crime risks through differentiated thinking paradigm and problem approaches. The empirical case addressed in this study is 'the project to create resident-driven safe community in Duryu-dong, Dalseo-gu, Deagu though service design'. This project is evaluated as having prepared a prevention-oriented local safety system through a preemptive and resident-centered process. The project was promoted as a 'natural monitoring capacity building program' for residents to prevent local crimes, a 'social role expansion program' for local safety, and 'crime prevention environment design', which provides comprehensive solutions for residents' safety. Here, designers act as exerts in designing a task-based platform that can be driven by residents rather than a visual environment improver, and reorganizing the local ecosystem by expanding the opportunities for residents to interact. This case identifies the role of service design as binding the solidarity of local residents beyond the improvement of the crime environment and giving them the potential capacity to maintain a safe living space in relation to a safety issues of community.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.60-66
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• 2024

Purpose: This study investigated changes in interpersonal violence and utilization of trauma recovery services during the COVID-19 pandemic. At an urban level I trauma center, trauma recovery services (TRS) provide education, counseling, peer support, and coordination of rehabilitation and recovery to address social and mental health needs. The COVID-19 pandemic prompted considerable changes in hospital services and increases in interpersonal victimization. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted between September 6, 2018 and December 20, 2020 for 1,908 victim-of-crime patients, including 574 victims of interpersonal violence. Outcomes included length of stay associated with initial TRS presentation, number of subsequent emergency department visits, number of outpatient appointments, and utilization of specific specialties within the year following the initial traumatic event. Results: Patients were primarily female (59.4%), single (80.1%), non-Hispanic (86.7%), and Black (59.2%). The mean age was 33.0 years, and 247 patients (49.2%) presented due to physical assault, 132 (26.3%) due to gunshot wounds, and 76 (15.1%) due to sexual assault. The perpetrators were primarily partners (27.9%) or strangers (23.3%). During the study period, 266 patients (mean, 14.9 patients per month) presented before the declaration of COVID-19 as a national emergency on March 13, 2020, while 236 patients (mean, 25.9 patients per month) presented afterward, representing a 74.6% increase in victim-of-crime patients treated. Interactions with TRS decreased during the COVID-19 period, with an average of 3.0 interactions per patient before COVID-19 versus 1.9 after emergency declaration (P<0.01). Similarly, reductions in length of stay were noted; the pre-COVID-19 average was 3.6 days, compared to 2.1 days post-COVID-19 (P=0.01). Conclusions: While interpersonal violence increased, TRS interactions decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, reflecting interruption of services, COVID-19 precautions, and postponement/cancellation of elective visits. Future direction of hospital policy to enable resource and service delivery to this population, despite internal and external challenges, appears warranted.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.5 no.8
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• pp.393-400
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• 2016

Recently, there have been various researches on efficient and automatic analysis on urban environment methods that utilize the computer vision and machine learning technology. Among many new analyses, urban safety analysis has received a major attention. In order to predict more accurately on safety score and reflect the human visual perception, it is necessary to consider the generic and local information that are most important to human perception. In this paper, we use Double-column Convolutional Neural network consisting of generic and local columns for the prediction of urban safety. The input of generic and local column used re-sized and random cropped images from original images, respectively. In addition, a new learning method is proposed to solve the problem of over-fitting in a particular column in the learning process. For the performance comparison of our Double-column Convolutional Neural Network, we compare two Support Vector Regression and three Convolutional Neural Network models using Root Mean Square Error and correlation analysis. Our experimental results demonstrate that our Double-column Convolutional Neural Network model show the best performance with Root Mean Square Error of 0.7432 and Pearson/Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.853/0.840.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.29-40
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• 2021

Risk factors that threaten public safety such as crime, fire, and traffic accidents have spatial characteristics. Since each region has different dangerous environments, it is necessary to analyze the spatial pattern of risk factors for each sector such as traffic accident, fire, crime, and living safety. The purpose of this study is to analyze the spatial distribution pattern of local safety level index, which act as an index that rates the safety level of each sector (traffic accident, fire, crime, living safety, suicide, and infectious disease) for basic local governments across the nation. The following analysis tools were used to analyze the spatial autocorrelation of local safety level index : Global Moran's I, Local Moran's I, and Getis-Ord's G⁎i. The result of the analysis shows that the distribution of safety level on traffic accidents, fire, and suicide tends to be more clustered spatially compared to the safety level on crime, living safety, and infectious disease. As a result of analyzing significant spatial correlations between different regions, it was found that the Seoul metropolitan areas are relatively safe compared to other cities based on the integrated index of local safety. In addition, hot spot analysis using statistical values from Getis-Ord's G⁎i derived three hot spots(Samchuck, Cheongsong-gun, and Gimje) in which safety-vulnerable areas are clustered and 15 cold spots which are clusters of areas with high safety levels. These research findings can be used as basic data when the government is making policies to improve the safety level by identifying the spatial distribution and the spatial pattern in areas with vulnerable safety levels.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.54-67
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• 2021

At present, CPTED projects are showing an effect such as reducing the anxiety of residents from crimes and improving the criminal environment about crimes through crime prevention. However, most of the CPTED programs have been implemented mainly to improve the physical environment without verifying systematically and empirically on the relationship between the program and improving the quality of life of residents and satisfaction level of residents etc. Accordingly, the objective of this study is to grope for a plan to apply CPTED to urban regeneration for improvement in the safety and life quality of residents using AHP and Visualizing The Mental Map. For this, We selected four case areas in Busan and then analyzed the dead zones of CPTED programs by visualizing the mental maps and heat maps of residents for case districts. As a result of evaluating the priority of CPTED program, installation of CCTVs and streetlights for prevention of crimes was found to be the most important elements. Result of analyzing mental map, the existing crime prevention facilities and CPTED programs were found to have resolved most of physical disorder. However, it showed that, for psychological factors which the residents feel such as social disorder, a number of dead zones exist.

• Korea Science and Art Forum
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• v.29
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• pp.305-318
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• 2017

The need for recognizing the crime in the urban spaces as a social problem and finding out specific approaches such as the study of space design and various guidelines for crime prevention is increasing. In this regard, "Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design" (marked as "CPTED") is actively underway. Yeomri-dong Salt Way is the first place to which the Seoul Crime Prevention Design Project was appled. The business objective of improving the local environment has been implemented rationally through cooperation and voluntary participation between subject of the project executives and community members. Since its efficiency has been proven, the sites have been expanded since then and becomes a benchmarking example of each local government.This kind of problem solving effort has the same context in purpose and direction of the 'Village Art Project' which has been implemented since 2009 with the aim of promoting the culture of the underdeveloped area and encouraging the participation of the residents by introducing the public art. It is noteworthy that this trend is centered around the characteristics of community functions and values. The purpose of this study is to propose the application method of community furniture as a way to increase the efficiency of CPTED to improve the 'quality of life' of residents. To do this, we reviewed CPTED, community design, public art literature and prior research, and identified the problems and implications based on the site visit Yeomri-dong of Seoul and Gamcheon Village of Pusan which is the successful model of "Seoul Root out Crime by Design" and 'Maeulmisul Art Project' respectively. The common elements of the two case places identified in this study are as follows: First, the 'lives' of community residents found its place in the center through the activation of community by collaborative activities in addition to the physical composition of the environment. Second, community design and introduction of public art created a new space, and thereby many people came to visit the village and revitalize the local economy. Third, it strengthened the natural monitoring, the territoriality and control, and the activity increase among the CPTED factors. The psychological aspect of CPTED and the emotional function of public art are fused with the 'community furniture', thereby avoiding a vague or tremendous approach to the public space through a specific local context based on the way of thinking and emotion of local people and it will be possible to create an environment beneficial for all. In this way, the possibility and implication of the fusion of CPTED and public art are expected to be able to reduce the social cost through the construction of the crime prevention infrastructure such as expansion of the CPTED application space, and to suggest a plan to implement the visual amenity as a design strategy to regenerate city.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.53-62
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• 2012

U-City means the high-tech city that applied ubiquitous technology and information communication technology. U-City aims to intensify urban competitiveness and to improve the quality of residents' life through efficient management of the urban. Currently, 77 U-City projects is underway. The each project cost and scale estimate is not clear in the absence of the U-Service Standardization Model. So, many of the project are trouble about making a production the proper number of U-Service or the cost of project. The excessive service construction is reflected on the construction costs, which leads to the rise of sales price and passes onto the executor of a project as a burden of the project costs, and the problem of the delay of the change-over occurs due to supporting the operation costs for the operation of the constructed service and the demand for additional installation of facilities between a local autonomous entity and the executor of a project. In this paper, we suggested the U-Services Construction Standardization Methods and proposed the standardization services guideline of crime prevention services. U-City services in the future are able to maintain the consistency of the system through the utilization of the proposed standard model. As a result, the U-City project's pre-estimated cost and scale can be extracted.

• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.25-45
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to estimate the effects of healthy city policies on residents' walking. In order to estimate promotion of walking rates by healthy cities policies, it developed System dynamics(SD)-based model which showed causal relationships among urban design, public health policies, and walking levels. SD technique is useful for future forecast and policy impact assessment. The spatial units of the SD-based system for policy impact assessment included 66 cities, counties, and communities in Seoul Metropolitan Area. The system simulation was planned to be run for 21 years from 2009 to 2030. For this study, 3 alternatives were proposed with combinations of length of bike lanes, number of bus routes, crime rates, self-reported good health status rates, and obesity rates. As a result of simulations, residents' participation rates for walking were increased from 1.00% to 9.98%. This study contributes to better understanding the benefits of healthy cities that are associated with individual walking. It further provided useful insights into planners' role in promoting health. The paper concluded with a discussion on future research opportunities and implications for public policies in urban and transportation and public health.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.15-22
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• 2003

The regeneration of built-up areas is considered as one of the necessary measures for the effectiveness of urban growth management. In this vein, this study explores how to limit the number of people who leaves the built-up areas and to restore the area with the resident. For this, a residential area of the built-up area is analyzed in terms of why people in that area are moving out of the area and who fills in it after all. This study founds that narrow roads in a residential area and the changes in land use from residential purposes to commercial are major forces that push the people in the built-up area. In addition, the lack of welfare facilities, the pavement of roads, and pedestrian roads. education. crime. the lack of interaction between neighbors, and the quality of housing are all emerged contributing the loss of people in the built-up areas. It is recommended that all the factors here should be restored in an appropriate way. Another finding is that those who fill in the built-up area are largely over 50, self-employed, comparably wealthy, and having their own families. Hence, it is advised that the built-up area would be rearranged in order to attract those type of people in there.