• 한국해안해양공학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.151-161
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• 2007

동해안 검조소 조위자료를 이용하여 비조석 성분을 추출하고, 추출된 비조석 성분을 이용하여 통계적인 특성 분석을 수행하였다. 분석대상 검조소는 속초, 묵호, 후포, 포항, 울산, 울릉도이며, 분석기간을 1년부터 가용한 자료기간까지 증가시켜 가며 비조석 성분의 분산 및 왜곡도 계수의 통계정보(최대값, 최소값, 평균, 표준편차) 변차를 분석하였다. 또한, 분석기간에 따른 통계정보의 변화범위를 분석한 결과, ${\pm}5%$ 범위의 분산 신뢰구간을 확보하기 위하여 필요한 분석기간은 전체적으로 12년 이상 정도로 파악되었으며, ${\pm}0.1$ 범위의 왜곡도 계수 신뢰구간 확보에 필요한 분석기간은 울릉도의 6년 이상을 제외하고는 모두 12년 이상으로 파악되었다. 한편, 자기상관함수 및 스펙트럼 분석을 수행한 결과, 절대적인 변화량에 차이는 있으나 변화경향은 모든 지점이 매년 유사한 것으로 파악되었다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.89-97
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• 2013

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to systematically review the background of the Korean distribution promotion policy and distribution adjustment policies along with related regulations and policies. Research design, data, and methodology - Domestic distribution policy and relevant laws were examined through a review of existing research literature. The results of the development process of the domestic distribution policy, promotion policies, and adjustment policies are summarized below. Results - The results are summarized as follows. First, the purpose of the development of the domestic distribution promotion policy was to strengthen the competitiveness of the small and medium business industry through structural advancement of the small and medium industry. By expanding the managerial base for the small and medium industry, a new balance could be created in the national economy. There was a requirement for an early assistance policy for small and medium businesses as a base of these businesses in the distribution industry developed from their original model of catering to a traditional market of retail shops. Since 1996, there was a need for this early assistance policy due to the expansion and rapid growth of large scale stores causing a change in the consumption pattern for distribution markets and the decline of large enterprises. Second, the government supports small and medium business distribution through distribution promotion policies by supporting an organization promoting small business and supporting innovation in the distribution system. Third, in 1961 a business mediation system was established to protect small and medium industries. The Small and Medium Business Administration advises conglomerates to postpone acquisitions, restrain expansion of the business, or to reduce business scale if small businesses undergo an adverse effect such as decreasing demand because large companies are expanding into their areas. Fourth, the Distribution Adjustment Policy managed large-scale store regulation as follows: ① limitation on construction by urban planning ordinance, ② limitation on location based on traffic impact assessments, ③ regulation based on business guidelines by chiefs of autonomous bodies, ④ regulation on mandatory holidays and limitation of business hours. This large-scale store regulation is a policy introduced by authority to increase competitiveness of small and medium business distribution by the government. Conclusions - As discussed in this study, the distribution promotion policy and distribution adjustment policy are government distribution policies focused on the protection of the small and medium distribution businesses. This study is timely, since it was planned when the strengthening of the revisions of the Distribution Industry Development Act, aimed to protect small and medium retailers and merchants, was under discussion. The significance of this study is that it offers insights for the development of new policies in the future and an opportunity to consider the background of the distribution policy by the government.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2008

본 연구는 KLAM_21을 활용한 바람형성기능 평가분석에 관한 연구로서 대구시를 사례대상지로 실제 도시공간상에서 지형조건과 토지이용에 따라 어떻게 바람이 유동하고 있는지를 살펴보았다. 먼저, 신천상류 가창골 일대의 계곡과 주변산지 경사면에서 형성된 찬공기는 신천상류를 따라 북쪽으로 유동되어 확장되고 있었으며, 시간이 경과함에 따라 찬공기의 양과 높이 그리고 유속 및 방향 등에 있어서도 점점 증가하는 추세를 보이고 있었다. 이는 이 지역의 공간적 특성이 찬공기가 생성되고 유동하는데 있어서 매우 양호한 조건을 가지고 있음을 알 수 있다. 한편, 앞산공원지역에서는 앞산공원일대를 가로지르는 고가도로와 바람의 유동을 방해하는 대규모의 아파트단지 밀집, 그리고 공원내의 건축물 등의 도시개발의 행위로 인하여 찬공기의 생성 및 유동이 크게 방해를 받고 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 찬공기의 양과 높이에 있어서도 미약하게 나타나고 있다. 결국, 바람길의 공간적 효과를 극대화시키기 위해서는 바람길생성의 기본 형태인 찬공기 형성 및 유동, 그리고 찬공기 축적 및 유지지역이 공간적으로 연계되어야 하며, 이러한 공간적 연계는 지역의 공간적 특성과 밀접한 관계가 있음을 알 수 있다.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.31-39
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 중금속 오염지반을 정화하기 위한 향상제로 친환경 재료인 나노버블수를 적용하기 위한 기초 연구를 수행하였다. 수소 나노버블을 제조하여 입도분석과 제타 포텐셜 측정을 통해 장기 생존성을 평가하였다. 제조된 나노버블수를 회분식 탈착실험에 적용하여 구리 오염토양에 대한 나노버블수의 정화 효과를 증류수와 비교하여 분석하였다. 가압용해식 나노버블 제조 장치를 통해 제조한 나노버블은 최소 14일간 존재함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 구리 오염 토양에 대한 회분식 탈착실험을 수행한 결과, 토양 종류에 관계없이 나노버블수의 제거효율은 전반적으로 증류수보다 높았으며 고액비와 반응시간에 비례하여 증가하였다. pH 변화에 따라 사질토는 산성 측에서 제거 효율이 높게 나타났으나 점성토는 그 차이가 다소 낮았다. 실험 결과를 통해 나노버블의 구리 탈착 효과는 나노버블의 큰 비표면적과 제타 포텐셜에 기인하여 전반적으로 우수하게 나타난 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 본 연구를 바탕으로 나노버블수의 중금속 제거 효과를 확인하였으며 이를 토양정화의 향상제로 적용하여 친환경적인 정화공법으로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국방재안전학회논문집
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.43-52
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• 2019

지하철 정거장의 하부에 비개착공법 적용하여 안정성 영향분석을 위하여 유한요소 변위 해석, 유한요소 응력해석, 강관추진 진행 과정에 따른 변위, 내부 굴착에 따른 변위 및 강관의 응력변화, 지반의 물리적 특성인 탄성 및 탄소성 이론 등을 도입하였다. 구조적으로 적당한 미소 요소로 분할해서 각 요소가 유한개의 점으로 연결되는 요소로 가정한 모델로 하여 수치적 해석을 통하여 비개착공법 적용시 구조물 안정성에 미치는 영향을 국토교통부와 외국 자료를 근간으로 한 구조물 관리기준과 비교 검토하였다. 그 결과 최대 변위 7.21 mm가 발생되어 허용변위 기준(25.00 mm) 이내, 최대 각 변위는 1/3,950으로 허용 각변위 기준(1/500) 이내, 비개착공법 강관다발 구조체의 최대 휨압축응력량도 70.29 MPa로 허용기준(210.00 MPa) 이내로 분석되었고, 최대 전단응력량은 47.38 MPa로 허용기준(120 MPa) 이내로 분석되어 유한요소 해석결과, 설계 및 시공 안정성을 검증하였다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.35-45
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• 2018

PURPOSES : This study examines the performance changes of road networks according to the strength of a disaster, and proposes a method for estimating the quantitative resilience according to the road-network performance changes and damage scale. This study also selected high-influence road sections, according to disasters targeting the road network, and aimed to analyze their hazard resilience from the network aspect through a scenario analysis of the damage recovery after a disaster occurred. METHODS : The analysis was conducted targeting Sejong City in South Korea. The disaster situation was set up using the TransCAD and VISSIM traffic-simulation software. First, the study analyzed how road-network damage changed the user's travel pattern and travel time, and how it affected the complete network. Secondly, the functional aspects of the road networks were analyzed using quantitative resilience. Finally, based on the road-network performance change and resilience, priority-management road sections were selected. RESULTS : According to the analysis results, when a road section has relatively low connectivity and low traffic, its effect on the complete network is insignificant. Moreover, certain road sections with relatively high importance can suffer a performance loss from major damage, for e.g., sections where bridges, tunnels, or underground roads are located, roads where no bypasses exist or they exist far from the concerned road, including entrances and exits to suburban areas. Relatively important roads have the potential to significantly degrade the network performance when a disaster occurs. Because of the high risk of delays or isolation, they may lead to secondary damage. Thus, it is necessary to manage the roads to maintain their performance. CONCLUSIONS : As a baseline study to establish measures for traffic prevention, this study considered the performance of a road network, selected high-influence road sections within the road network, and analyzed the quantitative resilience of the road network according to scenarios. The road users' passage-pattern changes were analyzed through simulation analysis using the User Equilibrium model. Based on the analysis results, the resilience in each scenario was examined and compared. Sections where a road's performance loss had a significant influence on the network were targeted. The study results were judged to become basic research data for establishing response plans to restore the original functions and performance of the destroyed and damage road networks, and for selecting maintenance priorities.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.51-65
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to examine the trends of length of hospital stay (LOS), which is most likely to be a major attribute to hospital performance. From 1984 to 1994, an average LOS of each hospital was analyzed by factors such as medical departments, bed size, occupancy rate, region and ownership. This study was analyzed changing rate of LOS during 11 years. This rate was calculated by simple regression, which was used only with hospital without missing data during 11 years. This study findings are as follows. 1. The results indicated that the average LOS was steadily increased until 1990 but it was slightly decreased after 1990. 2. This trend could be found in all hospital scale and all group of occupancy rate. Specifically this trends of LOS were found in internal medicine, corporate owned hospitals, and hospitals in major city. But LOS of individual owned hospital was continuously increased until 1994. 3. Means of changing rates of LOS were calculated from 1984 to 1994. If we devided it into two parts, before 1990 and after 1990, most changing rates of LOS before 1990 except individual owned hospital were found positive sign. The changing rates after 1990 were negative sign but small hospital(lesser then 200 bed), individual owned hospital, national & public hospital and hospital in small urban have little change of LOS after 1990. Finally from this results we thought that most hospitals in Korea began to be concerned with LOS. Nevertheless LOS of several hospital such as small hospital or individual owned hospital was increased. And this trend may be caused by a few patients, low occupancy rate, or low profit. This trend of LOS is different from that of other countries. Perhaps this phenomenon is resulted from the reimbursement method. Because of fee for service reimbursement system in Korea the hospitals didn't need to shorten LOS in order to save the cost and increase the profit. Therefore reform of hospital cost reimbursement method will be needed to reduce hospital cost in Korea. We thought that the Korean health authority should consider the reimbursement method by unit of bundle of services, for example DRG and prepayment in the United States. This study presents some limitations such as no insight of severity of disease, case-mix measurement of hospital, and other clinical characteristics that can. possibly affect LOS. However, this study reports an important trend in LOS from 1984 to 1994.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.385-391
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• 2020

Soil loss is a serious problem frequently caused by local torrential rainfalls due to climate change. In particular, soil loss is occurring in agricultural areas rather than urban areas, and many pollutants are introduced into rivers, causing environmental problems. To reduce soil loss, the Ministry of Environment has designated and managed non-point source management areas. The Jaun-district in Hongcheon-gun, which was designed as a non-point pollution source management area in Gangwon-do, is located in the upper stream of Soyang Lake. Most of the agricultural fields are composed of highland agriculture fields. The highland agricultural fields in the Jaun-district are also composed of large-scale farming areas, and the ditches located near the agricultural fields have been illegally used for farmland. Therefore, the local government in Hongcheon-gun is conducting a project to restore the ditches occupied by agricultural fields. However, an analysis of the amount of soil loss that can be reduced by the restoration of the ditches has not been conducted yet. Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of reducing the soil loss from the restoration of the ditches used as agricultural fields in the Jaun-district. The SATEEC L Module was used to analyze the reduction in soil loss by ditch restoration. The SATEEC L Module was constructed to estimate the LS factor using Moore and Burch's method after calculating the slope length using the digital elevation model and the maximum allowable slope length. The LS factor and the USLE formula were used to estimate the amount of soil loss that could be reduced by ditch restoration. The analysis showed that the ditch restoration could reduce about 16.6% of the soil loss in the Jaun-district. The results of this study will contribute to the study of methods to reduce soil loss in non-point pollution management areas.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.193-200
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• 2006

지리정보와 이것의 기반이 되는 측량 성과는 중요한 국가 인프라이므로 체계적인 방안을 수립하고 대응하지 않을 경우 통일이후, 막대한 비용과 사회적 혼란이 야기될 것이다. 통일이후 한반도의 효율적인 국토활용과 국토공간에 대한 지형도 제작 등 통일을 대비한 측량정책 제도의 기본방향을 수립하여 통일비용과 혼란을 최소화하기 위한 목적으로 본 연구에서는 인터넷 자료조사 및 측량 전문가 면담, 관련 기관 방문과 세미나 개최를 통해 남북한의 측량관련 현황 및 통일 독일의 사례를 분석해 보았다. 우선 통일이후 변화하는 환경을 예측하고 이에 따른 측량 관련 법 제도 및 측량기준을 통합하는 측량정책을 수립해야 할 것이며, 2007년 세계측지계 도입을 바탕으로 한 남북한 기준점 개편 및 성과 통합 방안을 강구해야 한다. 이를 위해 한반도 및 인접국의 지도와, 북한의 도시지역 우선으로 대축척지도를 제작할 필요성 및 통일을 대비한 국토지리정보원의 위상과 역할을 제시하였다. 이러한 적극적 준비와 방안 모색으로 통일에 대비한 측량정책 및 제도의 기본방향을 수립하고 통일비용 최소화라는 목적을 달성할 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.175-185
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• 1994

In order to anticipate disease pattern and health problems of Koreans in the 1st part of 21st century (by the year 2020), transition of population characteristics, mortality and morbidity data during the last 30 years Koreans have experienced were reviewed. On the actual basis of epidemiologic transition process that has undergone during last 30 years since 1960 along with socioeconomic development and successful implementation of selective national health policies (family planning, medical insurance and etc.), following changes can be expected in the 21st century in Korea, under the assumption that the current rate of progress is maintained. The population of South Korea alone will be doubled the population of 1960 by the year 2013 : aged Population older than 65 years will be increased from 3.3% in 1960 to 11.4% in 2020 with increased average age of the population from 23.6 year in 1970 to 39.2 year in 2020; urban population from 28% in 1960 to 83% in 2005. GNP/capita has increased tremendously from U.S. $120 in 1970 to $6,749 in 1992, and the government estimated it would be 519,350 in 2010 and $29,460 in 2020. Growth and developmental indices of children, educational achievement and social status of women also showed a remarkable improvement and anticipated to make futher progress. Leading causes of mortality and morbidity have shown a striking change during the last 30 years, from infectious diseases to chronic degenerative diseases and man-made injuries. Occurrence of communicable diseases may become minimal although viral hepatitis, venereal diseases Including AIDS, and well adapted herpes virus infections will maintain their endemic level. Newly evolving infectious agents, however, should be carefully monitored because of rapidly changing environments and human behaviours. Tuberculosis may increase up to the epidemic level when AIDS prevails. Ischemic heart diseases may increase steadily with increasing occurrence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus whereas cerebrovascular diseases may be decreased slowly. Musculaskeletal diseases which contribute a lot to the disability of aged people may be a major health problems due to increased aged population. Mental diseases, particularly that caused by alcohol and drug abuse, and senile dementia may become a prominent health problem. On the other hand injuries caused by traffic and industrial accidents that have shown most striking increase till now may be decreased considerably by intensive intervention. The health policies in the 21st century will be oriented to the health promotion for good quality life rather than life-savings.