• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2003년도 The 8th Asian Symposium on Precision Forging ASPF
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• pp.107-114
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• 2003

Although cross rolling process has many advantages in forging a joint shaft, an automotive component of front axle unit, subsequent process is necessary to straighten its bending during forging process. In this paper the bending minimization of the joint shaft was studied to eliminate such an additional process. First of all, a characteristic diagram was used to find out factors affecting the bending of the shaft. Also design of experiments was utilized for estimating the influence of those factors. It was found that the phase angle, which is the difference in starting positions between upper and lower dies, was important to minimize the bending of joint shaft and die cooling is necessary to diminish the distribution of bending.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.22-28
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• 1993

The experimental investigation on the inlet pressure of a large tilting pad journal bearing is studied. The continuous distribution of the film pressure and film thickness are measured along with the shaft speed and bearing load for various flow rates. Considerably large inlet pressure is observed at the entrance of each pad, especially lower pads. The inlet pressure increases with the increase of shaft speed as well as bearing load, but it is almost independent on the folw rate and the oil supply temperature. Because of the inlet pressure, the upper pads always keep up slight wedge film shape which are almost parallel to the journal surface, and spragging is not observed in the upper pads with no preload.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.431-441
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• 2021

Rock-socketed drilled shafts are widely used to transfer the heavy loads from the superstructure especially in mountainous area. Extensive research has been done on the behavior of rock-socketed drilled shafts under compressive load. However, little attention has been paid to uplift behavior of drilled shaft in rock, which govern the overall behavior of the foundation system. In this paper, a series of centrifuge tests have been performed to investigate the uplift response of rock-socketed drilled shafts. The pull-out tests of drilled shafts installed in layered rocks having various strengths were conducted. The load-displacement response, axial load distributions in the shaft and the unit skin friction distribution under pull-out loads were investigated. The effects of the strength of rock socket on the initial stiffness, ultimate capacity and mobilization of friction of the foundation, were also examined. The results indicated that characteristics of rock-socket has a significant influence on the uplift behavior of drilled shaft. Most of the applied uplift load were carried by socketed rock when the drilled shaft was installed in the sand over rock layer, whereas substantial load was carried by both upper and lower rock layers when the drilled shaft was completely socketed into layered rock. The pattern of mobilized shaft friction and point where the maximum unit shaft friction occurred were also found to be affected by the socket condition surrounding the drilled shaft.

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.51-61
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• 2006

Failure analyses were conducted on a crank shaft and a chock liner by using X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy and SEM/EDS techniques. In the crank shaft, a crack developed where a maximum tensile stress coincided with band structure formed by hot forging. The maximum tensile stress was observed to originate from volume expansion during high frequency induction heat treatment and the band structure to develop between upper and lower dies during hot forging. In the chock liner, the wear mechanism varied with the chemical affinity and hardness of liner material relative to friction pair of housing liner. Brass of low chemical affinity and hardness compared to housing liner showed uniform adhesive wear. STS 304 and STS 420J2 of high chemical affinity showed galling and scoring respectively.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2014

In this study pressure and shaft torque pulsation were measured with variation of head and flow during the model test for a 15 MW Francis Turbine. Pressure pulsations were measured at the inlet of the spiral casing and 4 points in the cone of the diffuser and shaft torque pulsation at the upper position of the turbine. The maximum amplitude of pressure pulsation appeared 2.03% of the maximum rated head with the frequency of 25% of the rated revolution and at the guide vane opening of $10^{\circ}$. Shaft torque pulsation appeared 0.01% of the rated shaft torque, fairly low value. Air was admitted through the cone and pressure pulsation gradually decreased with increase of air flow and kept nearly constant after 5% of the rated flow. A new Francis turbine of which specific speed is 115 m-kW had been designed to rehabilitate the old one and the model test was performed at EPFL. The commercial code, STAR-$CCM^+$ was used for numerical simulation of flow.

• 지질공학
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.493-499
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 수평하중을 받는 화강편마암에 근입된 대구경현장타설말뚝에 대하여 수평방향의 거동특성을 분석하기 위하여 시험말뚝인 단일대구경현장타설말뚝 내부에 경사계를 설치하여 단계별 수평하중이 대한 심도별 변위량을 측정하였다. 실측치와 기존 이론식에 의한 계산치를 비교 분석하여 수평변위 거동특성을 평가하였다. 따라서, 단계별 재하하중에 따른 수평변위량의 계측값과 비교한 결과 전체적으로 Chang의 산정식과 유사한 결과를 나타내고 있으나 약간 과소평가 되는 경향이 있다. 그리나 유한차분법(FDM)과 p-y곡선법은 상부구간에서 과대평가 되는 경향을 나타내었다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제30권2C호
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• pp.95-107
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• 2010

일반적으로 암반에 소켓된 현장타설말뚝기초의 선단지지력은 일축압축강도를 이용하여 산정하고 있다. 그러나, 풍화대 지반에서는 불교란시료의 채취가 어려워 일축압축강도를 확인하는 것이 곤란하므로 기존 지지력산정공식을 사용할 수 없다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 풍화대 지반에서 수행할 수 있는 원위치시험들(SPT, DCPT, PMT, BST)의 특성치와 현장타설말뚝의 선단지지력과의 관계를 말뚝선단부에 인접한 5개의 구간들(선단부, 선단~하부1D, 선단~하부2D, 상부1D~하부1D, 상부1D~하부2D)에 대하여 분석하였다. 그 결과 DCTP의 결과가 가장 신뢰성 있는 상관관계를 나타내었다. 또한 DCPT를 이용한 선단지지력의 설계도표를 제안하였다.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.887-897
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• 2018

수직구와 수평 터널 주위 지층 변화, 지진파 방향성이 접속부의 동적 거동 특성에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 유한 요소 기반의 MIDAS GTS NX 프로그램을 이용한 3차원 시간이력 해석을 통해 검토하였다. 연구결과 연약지반에서 장주기의 지진파가 수평 터널 방향으로 발생하였을 때 접속부 상부에서 최대 변위가 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 수직구와 수평 터널의 서로 다른 거동 및 지층 경계면의 영향으로 인해 응력집중 현상이 발생하여 문제가 될 수 있음을 확인 할 수 있었다. 연구 결과는 수직구와 수평 터널의 접속부 구조물 내진설계를 위한 기초자료로 활용 될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.74-81
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• 2011

고층건물의 수직통로 형상이 연돌효과의 차압과 중성대 위치에 미치는 영향을 알아보고, 연돌효과의 발생현상을 가시화하기 위하여 3가지 형상의 수직통로, 즉 단순 수직통로, 승강기 수직통로 및 계단실 수직통로에 대하여 CFD 모델인 FDS(ver. 5.3) 프로그램을 사용하여 수치해석 하였다. 연돌효과 초기(t = 10 s) 차압은 승강기 수직통로인 경우(79.3 Pa)가 이론식 계산 결과(78 Pa)와 잘 일치하였다. t = 300 s 시점에서 중성대 위치는 3가지 경우 모두 49 m 이상으로 이론식 결과 보다 5 m 이상 높게 나타났다. 수직통로 상부와 하부지점 사이의 최대차압은 수직통로의 구조가 복잡할수록 감소하였다. 연돌효과 가시화를 통하여 수직통로 형상에 따라 연돌효과에 차이가 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.781-798
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• 2014

Estimating the workability of self-compacting concrete (SCC) is very important both in laboratories and on construction site. A method using visual information during the mixing process was proposed in this paper to estimate the workability of SCC. First, fourteen specimens of concrete were produced by a single-shaft mixer. A digital camera was used to record all the mixing processes. Second, employing the digital image processing, the visual information from mixing process images was extracted. The concrete pushed by the rotating blades forms two boundaries in the images. The shape of the upper boundary and the vertical distance between the upper and lower boundaries were used as two visual features. Thirdly, slump flow test and V-funnel test were carried out to estimate the workability of each SCC. Finally, the vertical distance between the upper and lower boundaries andthe shape of the upper boundary were used as indicators to estimate the workability of SCC. The vertical distance between the upper and lower boundaries was related to the slump flow, the shape of the upper boundary was related to the V-funnel flow time. Based on these relationships, the workability of SCC could be estimated using the mixing process images. This estimating method was verified by three more experiments. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method could be used to automatically estimate SCC workability.