• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.598-603
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• 2002

The floor impact noise in apartment buildings has been known as the most sensitively recognized environmental noise. Therefore. inhabitants perceptual evaluation of floor impact noises was investigated by a questionnaire survey. It was found that the respondents perceive the floor impact noises from the upper nor as a constant noise level. However, if there is any child on the upper floor. the respondents felt Its noise as a harshly grating level. It was also found that the larger the respondents house is. the higher their wanted level of noise isolation is. Moreover, it was revealed that the main source of the floor impact noise from the upper floor is a child at the age from six to seven. The results could be used as fundamental data for the research on impact sources and new regulations that fit to Korean perceptual aspects and characteristics.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2002년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.689-696
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• 2002

The behavior of two-level soil-reinforced segmental retaining wall was examined using the finite element analysis. A number of different case was analyzed by varying the reinforcement length and the offset distance between the upper and lower wall. The results indicate that the interaction between the upper and lower walls can be neglected the upper wall is located beyond the distance of the lower wall height. A so found is that for moderate offset distances, the interaction between the two walls generally is limited to the external stability of the wall. Implication of the findings are discussed

• 항공우주기술
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.183-193
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• 2008

본 논문은 KSLV-I 상단부에 대한 고장모드 분석 결과와 시스템 수준의 비행시험 신뢰도 모델을 기술한다. 먼저, KSLV-I 상단부의 14개의 주요 기능과 비행시험 임무 프로파일을 분석하고, 기능 분석 결과와 임무 구간별 수행 기능 목록을 바탕으로 시스템 체계에 따른 상단부의 고장모드 계층 구조와 시스템 수준의 비행시험 신뢰도 모델을 구성한다.

• 대기
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.321-330
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• 2012

Generation mechanisms of the three moderate-or-greater (MOG)-level clear-air turbulence (CAT) encounters over South Korea are investigated using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. The cases are selected among the MOG-level CAT events occurred in Korea during 2002-2008 that are categorized into three different generation mechanisms (upper-level front and jet stream, anticyclonic flow, and mountain waves) in the previous study by Min et al. For the case at 0127 UTC 18 Jun 2003, strong vertical wind shear (0.025 $s^{-1}$) generates shearing instabilities below the enhanced upper-level jet core of the maximum wind speed exceeding 50 m $s^{-1}$, and it induces turbulence near the observed CAT event over mid Korea. For the case at 2330 UTC 22 Nov 2006, areas of the inertia instability represented by the negative absolute vorticity are formed in the anticyclonically sheared side of the jet stream, and turbulence is activated near the observed CAT event over southwest of Korea. For the case at 0450 UTC 16 Feb 2003, vertically propagating mountain waves locally trigger shearing instability (Ri < 0.25) near the area where the background Richardson number is sufficiently small (0.25 < Ri < 1), and it induces turbulence near the observed CAT over the Eastern mountainous region of South Korea.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.151-154
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• 2010

The efficacy of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) for treatment of various chronic painful conditions is well established. Very few reports have documented the use of SCS for treatment of chronic pain after spinal cord injury. We present a case showing a good outcome after such treatment, and suggest that high cervical stimulation may be efficacious. A 53-year-old male underwent SCS on the C1-3 level for treatment of intractable neuropathic pain below the T3 level, and in the upper extremities, arising from spinal cord injury resulting from transverse myelitis caused by schistosomiasis. High cervical SCS significantly improved the pain in the upper extremities and at the T3-T10 dermatome level. The patient continues to report excellent pain relief 9 months later. The present case suggests that high cervical stimulation may improve chronic pain in the upper extremities and the T3-T10 dermatome level arising from spinal cord injury.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.81-90
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• 2006

The Strain Index(SI) has been commonly used to evaluate the musculoskeletal disorders(MSDs) of upper extremities. Recently, the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists(ACGIH) adopted the Threshold Limit Value for hand activity level (HAL TLV) focused on the hand, wrist, and forearm. The MSDs risks of 37 repetitive works conducted at an automobile climate control system manufacturing factory were evaluated using both the HAL TLV and the SI, and the results by two methods were compared. Also, measured repetitive frequencies of upper limbs joint were mesured using electromyogram and electrogoniometer. The evaluation results of the HAL were related with the repetitive frequency data of upper limbs joint by electrogoniometer, and the NPF was related with %MVC of ECU. The evaluation result of HAL TLV was highly related with the SI score(r=0.66, p<0.01). Of total 37 tasks, 25 tasks(67.6%) were exceeded the TLV and 34 tasks(91.9%) exceeded the SI limit. Although there was a high relationship between the HAL TLV and SI score, the HAL TLV underestimated the risk in comparison with the SI. The correlation coefficients(r) between the HAL TLV data and the repetitive frequency of upper limbs joint were 0.45~0.55(p<0.01). The MSD symptoms was significantly different between high risk groups and low risk groups evaluated by HAL TLV(p<0.01), but was not different between two groups by SI. In conclusion, the HAL TLV is a proper tool for repetitive works.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.19-26
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• 1983

This paper deals with the problem of locating facilities with upper and lower capacity bounds in a single level physical distribution system at minimum total costs. Several known schemes for location problems with upper capacity bounds only are successfully extended to our case and then implemented into our branch ana bound solution procedure. Computational experiments with twelve test problems suggest the effectiveness of our approach by showing that only a small amount of additional computation is required for our problem as compared to that for the problems with upper capacity bounds.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.99-106
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 바이레벨 문제를 풀기 위한 2가지 접근법, 즉 Cournot-Nash 게임과 Stackelbgerg 게임을 서로 비교하기 위한 것으로, 하위문제가 결정적인 통행배정문제(deterministic traffic assignment)인 경우와 확률적 통행배정문제(stochastic traffic assignment)인 경우로 구분하여 분석한다. 바이레벨 프로그램(bi-level program)은 상위문제(upper level program)과 하위 문제(lower level program)로 구성된 수리적인 문제로 상위문제는 목적하는 특정함수를 최적화시키는 형태이며, 하위문제는 통행자의 행태를 반영하는 형태로 구축된다. 기존에 제시된 알고리듬중 바이레벨문제의 대표적인 풀이 알고리듬인 IOA(Iterative Optimization Assignment) 알고리듬과 기종점 통행행렬추정(OD matrix estimation)에 주로 사용되는 IEA(Iterative Estimation Assignment)은 상위문제와 하위문제가 서로 독립적으로 존재하면서 설계변수와 통행량을 서로 주고받는 형태를 갖고 있어 Cournot-Nash 게임형태이다. 이에 반해, 최근에 제시된 민감도분석(Sensitivity analysis)을 기초로 한 알고리듬들은 상위문제에서 결정된 설계변수 변화에 대해 하위문제의 통행량변화를 민감도를 통해 고려하기 때문에 Stackelbeg게임이라고 볼 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 이들 알고리듬들을 비교하는 데 연구의 목적이 있으며, 기존에 제시된 기법과는 다른 좀 더 효율적인 접근법을 제시한다. 예제 교통망을 이용하여 제시된 모형들을 비교해본 결과, 결정적인 통행배정모형을 하위문제로 설정한 경우에는 두가지 접근법 모두 동일한 상위목적함수 값을 보여 우위를 판단할 수 없었지만, 확정적 통행배정모형으로 설정한 경우, Stackelberg게임 접근법이 Cournot-Nash게임 접근법 보다 더 우수함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.83-102
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• 2008

In the book of , it is recorded that the names of ingressive stone stairs to the main shrine were Cheongwoongyo(blue cloud bridge) and Baekwoongyo(white cloud bridge) and the names of stairs to the paradise hall were Yeonwhagyo(lotus bridge) and Chilbogyo(seven treasure bridge). But, the ingressive stone stairs to the main shrine and the paradise hall are single consecutive stairs with 2 levels respectively. Because of this, it is rather hard to clearly designate the names to the upper level and the lower level stairs. But, of the stairs to the Paradise hall, the lower stairs have a carving of lotus, and the upper stairs have seven stairs. In this aspect of artifacts, we can safely assume that the upper stairs are Chilbogyo and the lower are Yeonwhagyo. But, for the ingressive stairs to the main shrine, there is no such artificial hint. So, it is difficult to designate the upper and the lower stairs for the two bridges. Especially, it is not clear whether the descriptive order of "lower stairs upper stairs" in the names of Yeonwhagyo and Chilbogyo can be applied to the names of stairs to the main shrine. It is because the general descriptive order is "upper lower" rather than "lower upper." Even though there have been many studies on the Bulguksa temple, the study on the ingressive stone stairs to the main shrine has not made till now. Therefore, the study on the position of Cheongwoongyo and Baekwoongyo stairs can have its validity. In this paper, the positional approach to Cheongwoongyo and Baekwoongyo has been made in following aspects: First, the temple structure of Bulguksa; Second, the five element theory of oriental philosophy and the Book of Changes; Third, the directional consciousness of Buddhism. Through the aspects, the validity of up-down position of Cheongwoongyo and Baekwoongyo has been sought. In this research, it can be concluded that the upper level of ingressive stone stairs to the main shrine of Bulguksa is Cheongwoongyo and the lower level is Baekwoongyo. When considered in the Buddhist directional consciousness, it forms the total structure of "East-Cheongwoongyo South- Baekwoongyo West-Yeonwhagyo North-Chilbogyo."

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.133-147
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 최근 꾸준한 성장세를 보이고 있는 의료산업의 국내벤처기업에 대한 신용 평가를 위해 먼저 기업의 재무 요인과 비재무 요인을 구분하여 평가지표를 개발한 다음 Saaty(1980)의 계층분석과정(Analytic Hierarchy Process; AHP)방법론을 적용하여 각 지표의 중요도(가중치)를 산출함으로써 의료벤처기업의 신용평가모형을 제시한다. 재무요인의 상위지표로는 수익성, 안전성, 활동성, 성장성, 생산성을 선택하였고, 각 상위지표에 대해서는 2개씩의 하위지표를 정하여 모두 10개의 지표를 설정하였다. 또 비재무적 요인의 상위지표로는 경영자 능력, 기술성, 시장성, 사업성, 신뢰성의 5개 영역을 정하고, 각 영역에 대해 2-5개의 하위지표를 정하여 모두 17개의 지표를 설정하였다. 신용평가지표에 대한 평가를 위해 원주의료기기클러스터 내 소재하고 있는 금융기관 및 보증기관의 심사역을 대상으로 설문조사를 한 후 이를 분석하여 평가지표에 대한 가중치를 산출하였다.