• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.287-295
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• 2004

Daucus species vegetated in the island Dae-heug-san-do off the Korean Peninsula has been recorded as Daucus littoralis Sibth. et Sm. var. koreana Nakai, endemic to Korea in several flora. However, the name was revealed as a naked name, nomen nudum, because the valid publication and type specimens were found anywhere. Comparative observation on morphological characters between the Korean taxon of Daucus and D. littoralis reveals that the Korean vegetated in the island Dae-heug-san-do is not the D. littoralis, but the D. carota L. subsp. carota. The Korean name of the latter is designated newly as San-dang-geun. The new korean name, Seon-dang-geun, of the unrecorded taxon, D. carota subsp. maritimus (Lam.) Batt., is also given.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.348-355
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• 2016

We report previously unrecognized flowering plants of Lao PDR found during a botanical survey of Lao PDR in 2015-2016. We found Phyllagathis tuberosa (C. Hansen) Cellinese & S. S. Renner (Melastomataceae) and Tolypanthus pustulatus Barlow (Loranthaceae) in the Phou Khao Khouay National Biodiversity Conservation Area (PKKNBCA), previously only known from type localities in Thailand. This is the first report of Phyllagathis tuberosa and the genus Tolypanthus in the Lao PDR. We also found Lonicera bournei Hemsl. (Caprifoliaceae) in the proposed Phosabous National Protected Area (PNPA) of Xiangkhoang, neglected with regard to the flora of Laos since its initial report in early 20th century. The current report will augment our understanding of the floristic relationships among SE Asian countries and will help elucidate the biodiversity of Lao PDR.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.248-257
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• 2019

In this study, we isolated about 70 bacterial strains from terrestrial and marine environments in Jeju island, and finally, total 21 strains were obtained based on the 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence analysis. These isolated strains were classified into 16 genera of 5 classes and were identified as an unrecorded species in the Republic of Korea. As a result of the substrate utilization and capability for polymer degradation, the physiological phenotypes for acid resistance and halophilic bacteria were observed to be distinct from each other, except for some acid resistance strains. This study might provide basic information on utilization for indigenous microorganisms.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.303-309
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• 2021

In this study, we intended to describe an unrecorded species of heterophyid trematode recovered from the small intestine of a Korean raccoon dog, Nyctereutes procyonoides koreensis, in Korea. A total of 13 small flukes were collected from a deceased Korean raccoon dog which was found in Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, Korea in May 2017. The trematode body were covered with many small spines, rectangular, broader than long, 807-1,103 ㎛ long and 1,270-1,550 ㎛ wide. Oral sucker in the anterior end slightly smaller than acetabulum. Pharynx muscular and well developed. Esophagus relatively long and sigmoid. Acetabulum small and located at median in anterior 2/5 portion. Ceca bifurcated at the anterior of genital pore and acetabulum and terminated at testis level. Testes larger, deeply lobed and located at the near of posterior end of body. Ovary small, triangular and located at the slight left of median and the anterior of left testis. Vitelline follicles dendritic and extend from the middle level of esophagus to the posterior portion of body. Eggs embryonated, operculated, small and 33-35×15-16 ㎛ in size. Based on the morphological characteristics, the small heterophyid flukes recovered from the small intestines of Korean raccoon dog, N. procyonoides koreensis, were identified as Euryhelmis squamula (Digenea: Heterophyidae). Accordingly, this species of heterophyid flukes is to be a new trematode fauna in Korea by this study.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.188-193
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• 2021

On March 13, 2018 two postflexion larval specimens (18.28 mm and 16.80 mm in standard length) belonging to the family Cryptacanthodidae, suborder Zoarcoidei were collected from Sokcho and Gangneung in Gangwon Province. The family Cryptacanthodidae comprises 4 species worldwide: 3 in the North Pacific Ocean and 1 in the western North Atlantic Ocean. As a result of analyzing 620 bp of the mtDNA COI region, the two postflexion larvae collected in this study were identified as Cryptacanthodes bergi by 99.5% agreement with C. bergi adult registered in NCBI. Postflexion larvae of C. bergi are compressed with large eyes and radial pectoral fins and the anus located in front of the center of the body. Melanophores were intensively distributed along the dorsal midline, except for caudal peduncle, and sporadically distributed on the back of the anus. In addition, there were limited star-like melanophores on the back of the gut. This species showed 0.058 genetic distance when compared mtDNA COI region of C. aleutensis, and it was well distinguished in the distribution pattern of black vesicles of the head, count and measurement traits. Considering the morphological and ecological characteristics of this species, we suggest a new Korean name, " Gwisin-jang-gaeng-i ".

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.372-377
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• 2021

We report a previously unrecorded woody species, Stachyurus praecox Siebold & Zucc. (Stachyuraceae), in Korea. This species is considered to be endemic to Japan. Stachyurus praecox was collected for the first time in an evergreen forest on an uninhabited island of Bongsun-ri, Saengil-myeon, Wando-gun, Jeollanam-do in Korea. The inflorescence of the species was racemose and pendulous on the axils of the previous year's branches. Flowers bloomed from March to April. They were functionally dioecy but morphologically hermaphrodite. This woody species was named 'Wan-do-sul-kkot-na-mu' in Korean based on the shape of its inflorescence. Morphological characteristics and illustrations of this woody species have been provided with a distribution map and photographs of the natural habitat.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.100-108
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• 2022

We found Urtica dioica L., an unrecorded alien plant, in the Han River basin of Korea. U. dioica is considered to be native to Europe, much of temperate Asia and western North Africa. This plant has been introduced to many other parts of the world. In Particularly, it reported as an invasive species from East Asia (Japan), Oceania and South America. This species is distinguished from related Korean taxa of the genus by its unisexual flower and dioecious plant species. In the Neighbor-Joining tree, U. dioica samples from the Han River Park (Sangam-dong, Mapo-gu, Seoul) and Yangjaecheon Stream (Daechi-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul) clustered into a clade consisting of a U. dioica s.s. Here, we provide a precise description, illustrations, a key to the related taxa, and photographs of its habitat.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.61-69
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• 2022

The study intends to investigate a short-run and a long-run causality among money, income, and prices in the Keynesian and Monetarists framework. This study emphasizes the importance of unrecorded money, which exists alongside legal monetary assets and plays a dual function in determining economic prosperity. The underground economy, which is a hidden component of aggregate economic activity, is determined using Tanzi's monetary approach (Tanzi, 1980). This research uses a time series of annual data from 1990 to 2019 for this purpose. The data is extracted from the World Bank database for the monetary and development indicators. The study keeping in view the trending nature in data follows a unit root testing followed by the Autoregressive Distributive Lag Model (ARDL) to assess the long and short-run dynamics of causality among the variables. In both the pricing and income equations, the study finds a significant level link among the variables; however, there is no evidence of the presence of a level association in the money equation. The short-run causal relationship provides evidence of bi-directional causation between the supply of money and national income. The outcome of this study advise that though the view point of both the Monetarist and Keynesian school holds in both short and long run, however, in Pakistan only the Monetarists' role of money supply and income holds in Pakistan. This evidence would be of precise interest to the policy-makers.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.226-237
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• 2022

Arcuospathidium is a haptorian ciliate genus composed of 18 species, and only one species has been reported in Korea. Here, we identify two unrecorded Arcuospathidium subspecies by morphological observation of both living and protargol-impregnated specimens with the small subunit ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA) gene sequence. These subspecies, Arcuospathidium cultriforme cultriforme (Penard, 1922) Foissner, 1984 and A. cultriforme scalpriforme (Kahl, 1930) Foissner, 2003, were isolated from various terrestrial habitats in July and August 2013, respectivley. Arcuospathidium cultriforme cultriforme is similar to A. cultriforme scalpriforme by a knife-shaped body, a twisted-shaped macronucleus, number of dorsal brushes, position of dorsal brushes, and shape of macronucleus but former mainly differs from the body length to oral bulge length ratio (27-38% vs. 41-53%), extrusome (one types vs. three types), cyst shape (roughly faceted wall vs. smooth surface and thin wall) and number of somatic kinety rows(18-30 vs. 30-44). Additionally, we analyzed the 18S rRNA gene sequences of two A. cultriforme subspecies and compared them with the sequences from GenBank to confirm their identification at the molecular level. As the results of genetic analysis, the 18S rRNA gene sequence of the Korean A. cultriforme cultriforme population is most similar to that of Austrian population. Also, the sequence of the Korean A. cultriforme scalpriforme population is most similar to that of another population with some nucleotide differences.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.266-277
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• 2022

The current surveys of Ulva in the subtidal area around Jeju Island give a chance to discover unrecorded green algal species of the Korean macroalgal flora. As a result of this investigation, we found Ulva adhaerens Matusmoto & Shimada, inhabiting the subtidal regions, up to 15 m deep, and conducted the DNA barcoding on plastid rbcL-3P and tufA regions with describing the morphological characteristics. Our specimens of U. adhaerens forms a monophyletic clade with the Japanese type specimen and U. piritoka Ngāti Kuri, Heesch & W.A. Nelson from New Zealand exhibiting each 0.3% sequence divergences, respectively, in the plastid rbcL-3P. The genetic variation of U. adhaerens clade is 1.0-3.9% in rbcL-3P and 4.8-9.8% in tufA to each Ulva species, including the generic type, U. lactuca Linneaus. The morphology of Korean U. adhaerens specimens is identical to the type specimens of U. adhaerens from Japan having the development of rhizoidal filaments from both of the cell layers of the distromatic blade and the extension of rhizoidal clumps with adhesive trait between blades by extended rhizoidal clumps at the basal blades. The thallus attachment to substrate is by numerous minute discoidal plates made up of rhizoids originating from the inner part of distromatic blades in basal. Although there are still some problems to resolve the relationship between U. adhaerens and U. piritoka in the rbcL dataset and the phylogenetic pattern of the Group II intron of rbcL, we propose the new record of U. adhaerens in Korean macroalgal flora based on the morphological characteristics of Korean specimens. Continued study of the genus Ulva by morphological and molecular assessment will delimit the species of Ulva, elucidate the relationships between them, and uncover the species diversity.