• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.109-114
• /
• 2018

In general, the simple items we need to live in are purchased through retail stores such as supermarkets near our home. In the store, not only the items but also the management personnel and the payment instruments for the store management are located in one space called the store. Such a general store environment is gradually changing into an 'unmanned market' as a result of the development and fusion of information and communication technology (ICT). An unmanned market is an environment in which no one runs a market as the word has. An example of a typical change is Amazon's Unofficial Amazon Store. In addition, the usage and prospects of unmanned market in China are growing very meaningfully. In this study, the present situation of the unmanned market is examined in the US and China markets, and the development prospects are described. It also describes the key milestones necessary for the unmanned market.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.101-111
• /
• 2023

Purpose: The first purpose of this study is deriving in-store characteristics that affect the experience of customers using unmanned stores and reveals the value of major services that customers feel and experience. Also, an empirical analysis is conducted on the effect of intelligent consumption value after using unmanned stores on consumption emotions and continuous use intention, and the modulating effect of customers' untact tendency on environmental characteristics and the value of intelligent services is verified. Research design, data and methodology: Samples were taken from 186 people who visited the unmanned store from April to June 2022 to investigate the research model. Results: It was found that the environmental characteristics of unmanned stores had a positive effect on the intelligent service value. Also, the higher the value of intelligent service, the stronger the influence on consumption emotions, and the higher the value of the intelligence service and consumption emotions, the stronger the impact on the intention to use intention. The untact propensity played a role in controlling the relationship between ease of using technology and the intelligent service value and the relationship between spatial arrangement and functionality and intelligent service value. Conclusion: In order to improve unmanned store service in the trend of spreading unmanned stores, it is necessary to not only improve the technology using convenience in terms of store environmental characteristics but also create innovative consumption experiences in terms of space layout, function, and convenience of payment.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.101-120
• /
• 2024

Purpose - The purpose of this study was to examine the influencing factors on the revisit intention of unmanned convenience stores for Chinese consumers who use unmanned convenience stores. The effect of unmanned convenience store characteristics (operation system, store arrangement) on customers' perceived benefits and the effect of perceived benefits (convenience, speed, stability, playability) on revisit intention were verified. In addition, by using untact propensity as a control variable, the purpose of this study was to examine that the characteristics of unmanned convenience stores have a moderating effect on the perceived benefits of customers. Design/methodology/approach - The study collected 201 survey data from unmanned convenience stores in China. In order to analyze the data, Smart PLS was used to carry out empirical analysis. Findings - The results showed that operating systems had a positive impact on convenience, speed, and safety, while store layout had a positive impact on playfulness. Perceived benefits (convenience, safety, and playfulness) had a positive impact on their intention to revisit. Rapidity had a negative impact on the intention to revisit. Contactless tendencies regulate the effect of operating systems on convenience. Research implications or Originality - Unmanned convenience stores are striving to provide high-quality experiences to customers and increase customer satisfaction by utilizing cutting-edge IT technologies in stores such as AI, mobile device payment services, QR codes, and big data technologies. Recently, research on unmanned convenience stores has been active in the service and distribution industry-related fields, but research on the intention to revisit is insufficient. Also, few studies have used untact propensity as a control variable.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.17 no.9
• /
• pp.47-56
• /
• 2019

Purpose - A work way of 'face to face' or a work way of 'unmanned' is very meaningful trend in contrast of robot as a worker. This paper explored some cases of unmanned terminal and kiosk which has been quickly adopted to fastfood industry in South Korea and researched whether any inconvenience or trouble exists in the level of 'the poor' and 'the aged' or not at the time of 'touching' screen in unmanned store. Research design, data, and methodology -The authors examined a few previous studies in keywords of AmazonGo, kiosk, digital divide, information gap, deregulation, and analyzed some cases of 'unmanned terminal' defines restrictively as all kinds of unmanned device, terminal and equipment including kiosk regardless of any place and type. Results - Promotion strategy of the unhandy and retailers needs to offer 'expansion of education and learning', readiness for the law aspect, reform of kiosk industry and priority of sufficient budge and politic assistance by government side. Conclusions - This paper presented some strategies of eliminating 'digital divide' both for a 'the poor', 'the aged', and for a retailer, so that the former may easily purchase goods on unmanned terminal, and the latter may easily sell the more goods at unmanned store.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.389-394
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study is to suggest guideline for better user experience of unmanned store focusing on the Seven Eleven signature. The case study was conducted to investigate the characteristics of unmanned stores in the US and China, and to conduct comparative studies with the Seven Eleven Signature Store. As a result, I was able to derive 7 items, Easy, Simplified, Accessible, Findable, Informative, Flexible, Credible that help to improve the shopping experience. We hope that the follow up study will help to improve the unmanned store in Korea and improve the experience.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.10 no.5
• /
• pp.631-643
• /
• 2024

With the rapid advancement of digital technology, unmanned store services are on the rise, yet studies investigating their impact on customer satisfaction are scarce. This study aims to explore how unmanned store services affect customer satisfaction, focusing on the factors of risk and benefit. The methodology involved an online survey conducted from December 20 to December 30, 2023, targeting 260 customers who had used unmanned store self-service at least once, with 252 responses ultimately analyzed. The results reveal that the risk and benefit factors of unmanned store self-services complexly and diversely influence subjective norms and perceived control. Firstly, personal information breaches positively affected subjective norms, while overload and uncertainty had negative impacts. Secondly, while convenience negatively influenced subjective norms, playfulness and usefulness had positive effects. However, personal breaches and overload did not affect perceived control, whereas uncertainty did negatively. The findings of this study provide significant insights into how successful implementation and management of unmanned store self-services can regulate social expectations and control perception of customers, thereby enhancing customer satisfaction.

• Korea Trade Review
• /
• v.46 no.4
• /
• pp.17-37
• /
• 2021

This study aims to examine the effects of experimental attitudes and perceived personal information protection on satisfaction and loyalty for Chinese consumers who use unmanned convenience stores. The important results of this study are as follows. First, consumers' perception of the experimental servicescape of unmanned convenience stores in China has an effect on the consumer's experimental attitude. Consumers' perception of experimental diversity in unmanned convenience stores in China has an effect on the consumer's experimental attitude. Second, consumers' perception of the information quality of unmanned convenience stores in China has an impact on the consumer's personal information protection. Consumers' perception of the service quality of unmanned convenience stores in China has an impact on consumer's personal information protection. Third, consumers' perception of personal information protection in unmanned convenience stores in China has an effect on the consumer's experimental attitude. Fourth, consumers' perception of personal information protection in unmanned convenience stores in China has an effect on consumer satisfaction with experiments. Consumers' perception of the experiment attitude of unmanned convenience stores in China has an effect on the consumer's satisfaction with the experiment.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.77-89
• /
• 2024

This paper presents an unmanned store management system that can provide inventory management and theft prevention for displayed products using a small camera that can monitor the shelves of sold products in small and medium-sized stores. This system is a service solution that integrates object recognition, real-time communication, security management, access management, and mobile authentication. The proposed system uses a custom YOLOv5-x model to recognize objects on the display, measure quantities in real time, and support real-time data communication with servers through Raspberry Pie. In addition, the number of objects in the database and the object recognition results are compared to detect suspected theft situations and provide burial images at the time of theft. The proposed unmanned store solution is expected to improve the efficiency of small and medium-sized unmanned store operations and contribute to responding to theft.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
• /
• v.17 no.6
• /
• pp.539-545
• /
• 2011

This paper describes an intelligent service robot system for managing a store in an unmanned environment. The robot can be a good replacement for humans because it is possible to work all day and to remember lots of information. We design a system architecture for configuring many intelligent functions of intelligent service robot system which consists of four layers; a User Interaction Layer, a Behavior Scheduling Layer, a Intelligent Module Layer, and a Hardware Layer. We develop an intelligent service robot 'Part Timer' based on the designed system architecture. The 'Part Timer' has many intelligent function modules such as face detection-recognition-tracking module, speech recognition module, navigation module, manipulator module, appliance control module, etc. The 'Part Timer' is possible to answer the phone and this function gives convenient interface to users.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
• /
• 2006.06a
• /
• pp.937-938
• /
• 2006

There are lots of intelligent service robots in these days. People are unwilling to do routine works, dangerous works, and difficult works. But a robot can do these works instead of human. We introduce a intelligent service robot for unmanned store management. The robot can detect and recognize a person, deliver some goods, manage a store, and answer the telephone. We have developed the robot and tested the performance.