• Title/Summary/Keyword: Unit calculation

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A Study on Evaluation Method of Stream Naturalness for Ecological Restoration of Stream Corridors (우리나라 중소하천 코리도의 자연성 평가기법 연구)

  • 조용현
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.73-81
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    • 1997
  • The main purpose of this study was to develop a new method for evaluation of stream naturalness in order to appraise and prescribe for streams effectively in the process of ecological restoration of stream corridors. The results are as follows : 1) For this purpose six factors were selected on considering the spatial axes of stream corridor variation and total 20 descriptors about the physical structure were selected. 2) The calculation of S.N.I. for each segment was consisted of three steps, such as calculation of S.N.I.s of the individual descriptors, averaging all the descriptors's for each factor, and finally averaging the factors's for the Total S.N.I. 3) The evaluation unit was decided to be 100m size. The score system ranging 1~5 was adopted. Weighting parameters of factors were unified with each other. 4) A GIS model was adopted for classification, calculation, querying, analysing, and presenting S.N.I. information. And the format of S.N.I. maps including statistical graphs and other spatial watershed information was designed for the GIS odel. The naturalness of stream corridor was was investigated by the naturalness of habitat, and assessed by the descriptors focused on physical structure, therefore the S.N.I. can manifest prescriptions for restoration of the stream corridor. On the other hand because some evaluation factors such as water quality, water volume, fauna, flora, functions of stream exosystem has been excluded, S.N.I. could have some limits on representing the full aspects of stream naturalness. This evaluation method is hypothetical one, so it would be investigated through iterative applicatons.

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TECSolverApp: The equivalent seismic load solver in MATLAB App Designer and ASP.NET Core

  • Muhammet Dingil;Yakup Turedi;Murat Ornek
    • Computers and Concrete
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    • v.34 no.3
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    • pp.355-365
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    • 2024
  • TECSolverApp is an application that calculates the total equivalent seismic load (base shear) and shows the design spectra in accordance with the Turkish Earthquake Code (TEC). TECSolverApp software can present the spectral acceleration-period graph and the base shear (in terms of unit building weight) in MATLAB and .NET Core frameworks according to TEC 2007 and TEC 2018. In the software, three different building period evaluation options were provided, as entering the period directly, empirical calculation, and using the period calculation formula. In different period calculation scenarios, particular design input parameters such as site-specific spectral acceleration coefficients, local soil class, building importance coefficient, and structural system behavior coefficient are expected. TECSolverApp was produced in two different programming languages and published in MATLAB App Designer and ASP.NET Core MVC environments. To be shared in MATLAB App Designer, it was aimed at availability through the program and distributability as a desktop application. By deploying in ASP.NET Core MVC, open-source cross-platform coding and web-based accessibility were targeted. One of the strongest aspects of TECSolverApp is its developability thanks to software architecture. In this respect, it can be foreseen that other international seismic codes can be added to the calculations in the future.

A Design of a Tile-Based Rasterizer Using Varying Interpolator by Pixel Block Unit (Pixel Block 단위 Varying Interpolator를 적용한 타일기반 Rasterizer 설계)

  • Kim, Chi-Yong
    • Journal of IKEEE
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.403-408
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    • 2014
  • In this paper, we propose a rasterizer architecture using varying interpolator which process several pixels at a time. Proposed rasterizer is able to handle 16 pixel at a time and output the color of up to 64. It can reduce the redundancy of calculation by configuring a matrix transformation and matrix calculation for rasterization, and it can enhance the speed of rasterizer by increasing the reusability. As a result, proposed rasterizer has improve 11% in color interpolation, 17% in the processing speed of the rasterizer by comparing with conventional research.

An Analysis of Cost and Profit of a Nursing Unit using Performance-Based Costing: Case of a General Surgical Ward in a General Hospital (시행기준 원가계산을 적용한 간호단위 원가 및 수익 인식에 관한 연구: 1개 종합병원 일반외과병동 사례를 중심으로)

  • Lim, Ji-Young
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.38 no.1
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    • pp.161-171
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    • 2008
  • Purpose: The aim of this study was to analysize net income of a surgical nursing ward in a general hospital. Method: Data collection and analysis was conducted using a performance-based costing and activity-based costing method. Result: Direct nursing activities in the surgical ward were 68, indirect nursing activities were 10. The total cost volume of the surgical ward was calculated at \119,913,334.5. The cost volume of the allocated medical department was \91,588,200.3, and the ward consumed cost was \28,325,134.2. The revenue of the surgical nursing ward was \33,269,925.0. The expense of a surgical nursing ward was \28,325,134.2. Therefore, the net income of a surgical nursing ward was \4,944,790.8. Conclusion: We suggest that to develop a more refined nursing cost calculation model, a standard nursing cost calculation system needs to be developed.

Complexity Reduction of an Adaptive Loop Filter Based on Local Homogeneity

  • Li, Xiang;Ahn, Yongjo;Sim, Donggyu
    • IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.93-101
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    • 2017
  • This paper proposes an algorithm for adaptive loop filter (ALF) complexity reduction in the decoding process. In the original ALF algorithm, filtering for I frames is performed in the frame unit, and thus, all of the pixels in a frame are filtered if the current frame is an I frame. The proposed algorithm is designed on top of the local gradient calculation. On both the encoder side and the decoder side, homogeneous areas are checked and skipped in the filtering process, and the filter coefficient calculation is only performed in the inhomogeneous areas. The proposed algorithm is implemented in Joint Exploration Model (JEM) version 3.0 future video coding reference software. The proposed algorithm is applied for frame-level filtering and intra configuration. Compared with the JEM 3.0 anchor, the proposed algorithm has 0.31%, 0.76% and 0.73% bit rate loss for luma (Y) and chroma (U and V), respectively, with about an 8% decrease in decoding time.

Computation of Spring Constants of MEMS Socket Pins by Theoretical Analysis (이론분석에 의한 MEMS 소켓 핀의 스프링 상수 계산)

  • Bae, Kyoo-Sik;Ho, Kwang-Il
    • Korean Journal of Materials Research
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    • v.18 no.11
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    • pp.592-596
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    • 2008
  • Spring constants (displacement per unit applied load) of MEMS socket pins of given structures were computed by theoretical analysis and confirmed by the finite element method (FEM). In the theoretical analysis, the displacement of pins was calculated based on the 2-dimensional bending theory of the curved beam. For the 3-dimensional modeling, CATIA was used. After modeling, the raw data were transferred to ANSYS, which was employed in the 3-dimensional analysis for the calculation of the stress and strain and loaddisplacement The theoretical analysis and the FEM results were found to agree, with each showing the spring constants as 63.4 N/m within a reasonable load range. These results show that spring constants can be easily obtained through theoretical calculation without resorting to experiments and FEM analysis for simple and symmetric structures. For the some change of shape and structural stiffness, this theoretical analysis can be applied to MEMS socket pins.

A Study on the Model Development for Production of Interior Drawings and estimation of Quantities (실내도면 작성과 물량산출을 위한 모델 개발에 관한 연구)

  • 정례화;이승우;추승연
    • Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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    • no.19
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    • pp.30-37
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    • 1999
  • This study presents a methods on the construction of integrated system for the purpose of automation of design plans, calculation of quantity of materials and estimation by abstracting information on building materials which is produced on the course of three dimension modeling by using computer. Therefore, an object oriented methodology is introduced to compose design informations in three dimension, space for unifying building informations, and expressing properties of building factors and materials, and to construct a database for computers to recognize architecture informations. An object indicates a conceptual individual existing in real world or existence of individual and necessity in composing a building could be called as objects such as column, wall, beam, slab, door and window and these contain materiality and immateriality. It is systemized to which properties of these building's objects are installed by the user of computer and by API(Application Programming Interface), chosen informations automatically converse to each unit work such as design plan structure plan, calculation of amount of materials, etc.

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Development of Odinary GIS and Database for Calculation of Pollutant Load in Rural Areas (농촌유역의 오염부하량산정을 위한 범용적 GIS 및 데이터베이스의 구축)

  • Yang, Young-Min;Kwun, Soon-Kuk
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
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    • 2001.10a
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    • pp.460-465
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    • 2001
  • Pollutant load using unit load method is calculated by simply equation, especially, very useful in the area that didn't exist about water quality data. However, it takes long time to calculate pollutant load with area in which there is various pollutants and if the boundary of a basin altered, the work of calculation about pollutant load must be begun from the first again. Therefore, a Total Daily Load Program(TDLP) was developed to calculate pollutant load automatically in rural area. The TDLP includes a geographic information system(GIS), relational database system(RDBS), User Interface. This Program can provide user with creating a boundary of the basin that user is concerned with to satisfy the water quality regulations and calculating daily load for various pollutants. The effort was conducted to apply the developed TDLP to calculating pollutant load in rural basin called Bok-ha river.

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Analysis of the Borrow Look-ahead Subtracter Design (Borrow Look-ahead Subtracter 설계에 대한 분석)

  • Yu, Jang-Pyo;Chung, Tae-Sang
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 2000.11d
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    • pp.784-786
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    • 2000
  • This paper implements and analyzes logically the Borrow Look-ahead Subtracter using Borrow Generator and Borrow Propagator. In subtracting calculation, we improve the calculating efficiency with using 4-bit subtracter which has Borrow Look-ahead Subtracters connection, and show that this is compatible with adder using the concept of Carry Generator and Carry Propagator. This subtracter may be useful in frequent subtracting calculation. We think this approach makes it possible to implement simple ALU(Arithmetic Logic Unit) with combining the concept of Borrow Look-ahead Subtracter and Carry Look-ahead Adder.

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A New Load Flow Algorithm based on DAS with Considering Distributed Load (배전자동화 시스템에서 분포부하를 고려한 새로운 조류계산 알고리즘)

  • Yang, Xia;Choi, Myeon-Song;Lim, Il-Hyung;Lee, Seung-Jae
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 2006.07a
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    • pp.169-170
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    • 2006
  • In this paper, A new algorithm for load flow calculation is proposed for radial distribution network. Feeder Remote Terminal Unit (FRTU) is utilized to collect data such as current magnitude and angle of power factor at each node. Proposed algorithm is based on the model of distributed load in distribution system. Load flow calculation is using four terminal constants method.

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