• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2016

우리나라는 2000년대 이후 급속한 경제성장 시대를 지나 보다 안정된 경제성장 시대에 접어들면서 국토와 도시의 발전형태도 변화하고 있다. 대규모 신개발의 필요성은 점차 감소하는 가운데 도시 외곽에서 파편화된 소규모 개발이 진행되는 한편, 기존 도시 내에서 유휴화 되는 공간이 증가하고 있다. 따라서 기존 도시의 압축적 이용을 위해 이러한 유휴공간에 대한 효율적 이용이 필요한 실정이다. 그러나 이를 위해서는 무엇보다 도시내부에 존재하는 다양한 유휴공간을 체계적으로 파악하고 관리할 수 있는 과학적 방법과 수단이 필요하다. 본 연구는 이와 같은 배경 하에 다음과 같은 목적을 가지고 수행하였다. 첫째, 유휴공간을 체계적으로 파악하기 위한 분석모형을 실험개발하고 부산시를 대상으로 실증연구를 수행하고자 한다. 둘째, 오픈소스 GIS 소프트웨어인 uDig을 활용하여 유휴공간 분석시스템을 실험 구축하고자 한다. 공간적 문제의 파악과 해결을 지원하기 위해 GIS기반의 공간의사결정지원체계나 계획지원체계를 구축하여 활용하는 것은 새로운 시도는 아니다. 그러나 최근 발전하고 있는 오픈소스 GIS를 활용할 경우 기존의 독점적 소프트웨어를 사용하는 것과는 차별화된 장점이 있다. 본 연구는 상기와 같은 내용을 기반으로 향후 국토도시에 존재하는 유휴공간을 체계적으로 파악하고 활용하기 위한 오픈소스 기반의 계획지원체계를 구축하는데 필요한 시사점을 제시하였다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.210-214
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• 2015

Grape pomace is an abundant source of underutilized winery by-products. Polyphenols were extracted from grape pomace using cellulase and gluco-amylase enzymes. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Folin-Ciocalteu's assays were used to measure antioxidant activity and total polyphenolic contents. Both cellulase, and gluco-amylase digested grape pomace showed efficient radical scavenging activity. In addition, the total polyphenolic contents of cellulase digested grape pomace showed lower concentrations were effective compared to higher concentrations, whereas glucoamylase enzyme did not show remarkable variations. The DPPH radical scavenging activity and total polyphenolic contents were significantly higher in the cellulase digested grape pomace compared to the gluco-amylase digested and the not digested grape pomace. It is notable that enzymatic digestions were efficient for extracting polyphenols from grape pomace. The underutilized grape pomace polyphenols can be further used for food safety as a natural antioxidant.

• 산업공학
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.237-246
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• 2008

In today's competitive global environment, technological innovation is an important issue. Many countries are devising national level strategies to further strengthen industrial capacity in support of innovative companies. South Korea is no exception, and multiple strategies are in place to aid innovative development in the private sector. This study postulates that such national level strategies are applied differently depending on the innovation goal pursued by the service sector in Korea. We use data mining methods to test such research hypothesis. Factor analysis is used for clustering of various service companies, while association rule is used in finding the relationship per each cluster. The results show that national level strategies are underutilized and unequally distributed. This may be attributed to the disparity between the demand and needs of the private sector and the opinion of the government, which lead to underutilized and indistinguishable strategies.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.723-743
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• 2022

Beef muscles from mature cows and bulls, especially those originating from the extremities of the carcass, are considered as underutilized due to unsatisfactory palatability. However, beef from culled animals comprises a substantial proportion of the total slaughter in the US and globally. Modern consumers typically favor cuts suitable for fast, dry-heat cookery, thereby creating challenges for the industry to market inherently tough muscles. In general, cull cow beef would be categorized as having a lower extent of postmortem proteolysis compared to youthful carcasses, coupled with a high amount of background toughness. The extent of cross-linking and resulting insolubility of intramuscular connective tissues typically serves as the limiting factor for tenderness development of mature beef. Thus, numerous post-harvest strategies have been developed to improve the quality and palatability attributes, often aimed at overcoming deficiencies in tenderness through enhancing the degradation of myofibrillar and stromal proteins or physically disrupting the tissue structure. The aim of this review is to highlight existing and recent innovations in the field that have been demonstrated as effective to enhance the tenderness and palatability traits of mature beef during the chilling and postmortem aging processes, as well as the use of physical interventions and enhancement.

• International Journal of Railway
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.29-37
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• 2012

The rail sector, despite its potential for curtailing the present chaotic transport situation in Lagos, remains inefficient and underutilized. In spite of past initiatives and the current attempt by the Lagos State Government to provide a mass transit rail service in Lagos, the share of rail mode in the transport sector has not been encouraging and the railway plays an insignificant role in urban mass transit in Lagos at present. This paper sets out to assess the usage of the Lagos mass transit trains. Hence, the paper determines the passenger traffic flow along the rail route in Lagos and the number of passengers carried between 2000 and 2009 by the Lagos Mass Transit Trains (LMTT) with a view to assessing the usage of the present LMTT. This paper also discusses the historical development of Nigerian railway and describes rail transport in Lagos. Data were obtained through secondary sources coupled with review of literature. The result of this study shows that for a period of 10 years (2000-2009), Lagos mass transit trains carried a total of 9,870,101 passengers, which gives an average of 987,010 passengers annually. This suggests that the service of the Lagos mass transit train is grossly underutilized. However, LMTT contributes enormously to NRC by carrying 68.5% of the total passenger traffic of NRC between 2000 and 2009. In terms of passenger traffic flow along the route of LMTT, for a period of 1 year, Agbado station recorded the largest number of passengers (393,811), followed by Ijoko (163,652) and Iddo (120,787), while Iganmu station has the lowest number of rail commuters (16,919). This study also discloses that the major commodities hauled by Lagos district of NRC from Lagos to the northern parts of the country in 2007 are Cars, Cement, Billet and Wheat.

• Forest Science and Technology
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.160-168
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• 2018

The seeds of Elaeocarpus serratus, a tropical underutilized fruit tree are characterized by hard seed coat and consequent poor water uptake and low germination. To improve the regeneration through seeds, various parameters such as viability of seeds, water uptake, and effect of seed mass on germination and pretreatments were performed using a completely randomized design (CRD). Tetrazolium (TZ) test was conducted using fresh, mature seeds revealed $50{\pm}2.56%$ mean viability. Seeds of different weight classes showed similar pattern of water uptake and the saturation level was achieved at 60 hrs of soaking. Seeds belong to weight class 2.6-3.5g were germinated ($12.5{\pm}1.26%$) with $175{\pm}1.75days$ (d) of mean time taken for germination (MTG). Germination capacity of seeds varied significantly among different populations and Varkala population gave $12.5{\pm}1.1%$ germination with $174.6{\pm}2.5d$ MTG. Among various seed treatments, mechanical scarification was superior in germination and significant reduction in MTG ($p{\leq}0.05$). The mechanical scarification by complete removal of seed coat resulted in $49.2{\pm}1.52%$ germination within a short period of time ($9.52{\pm}0.89d$ MTG). However, the complete removal of seed coat without damaging to embryo is a difficult task. An alternate treatment (Mechanical scarification II) by making cracks on nut faces vertically followed by soaking in distilled water for 24 hrs gave $48.4{\pm}1.73%$ germination with significantly reduced MTG ($12.14{\pm}0.56d$) over unsoaked, untreated control ($6.5{\pm}1.84%$ germination and $197.18{\pm}1.79d$ MTG; $p{\leq}0.05$). This treatment (Mechanical scarification II) is therefore recommended for E. serratus seeds as it can adopt easily and can achieve 7 fold increases in germination over control. The recorded germination through mechanical scarification is in tune with realized viability percentage of the seeds.

• 경영과학
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.17-29
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• 2011

The purpose of this paper is to schedule elective surgery patients using a stochastic programming approach and to illustrate how operating room utilization behaves when a decision-maker varies costs associated with utilization. Because of the uncertainty in surgery durations, the underage and overage costs that a decision-maker considers plays an important role in allocating surgery cases into available operating room capacity. We formulate the problem as a stochastic mixed integer programming and propose a sampling-based approximation method for a computational purpose. Newsvendor model is employed to explain the results from numerical experiments that are conducted with the actual data from a hospital. The results show that the operating room utilization is more sensitive when the unit overtime cost is relatively larger than the unit cost for underutilized time.

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국경영과학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 및 정기총회
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• pp.329-341
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• 2008

Knowledge management has garnered attention due to its role of maintaining competitive advantage. Creating and sharing knowledge is an essential part of managing knowledge. However, the best knowledge is underutilized because employees tend to seek knowledge through their informal networks, not reach out to other sources for obtaining the best knowledge. Prior studies on informal networks pointed out a negative influence of heavy reliance on learning through informal networks but they paid little attention to a structure of informal networks and its impacts on diffusion of knowledge. The aim of our study is to show impacts of informal network on knowledge management by employing a network structure and investigating diffusion of knowledge within it. Our study found out that performance of learning becomes lower in a highly clustered network. Creating random links such as serendipitous learning can improve performance of knowledge management. When employees rely on a knowledge management system, creating random links is not necessary. Costs of adopting knowledge affect performance of knowledge management.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.5-15
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• 1990

As a result of the lack of methodology for the determination of navigational channel capacity and the consequence lack of effective management of traffic, navigational channels are often grossly underutilized or highly congested. The traditional rule of first-come-first-served admission of vessels to channels is not efficient as it assumes equal time intervals between entrance of consecutive vessels. A new vessel traffic management system is developed in this research and methodologies to measure the improvement in the channel capacity are developed. Methodology to measure the channel performances for three queue disciplines are developed. The effects of changes in major factors on the channel capacity model such as channel length, fleet mix and arrival rate, as well as changes in strategy are analyzed. Under given channel conditions, best strategy are recommended. Also, a method for effective stochastic channel capacity simulation was developed. The results of analysis and as ertions are compared with the results of simulation runs to prove their applicability.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.221-227
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• 2015

Spectrum sensing plays an essential role in a cognitive radio network, which enables opportunistic access to an underutilized licensed spectrum. In conventional cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS), all cognitive users (CUs) in the network spend the same amount of time on spectrum sensing and waste time in remaining silent when other CUs report their sensing results to the fusion center. This problem is solved by the superposition cooperative spectrum sensing (SPCSS) scheme, where the sensing time of a CU is extended to the reporting time of the other CUs. Subsequently, SPCSS assigns the CUs different sensing times and thus affects both the sensing performance and the throughput of the system. In this paper, we propose an algorithm to determine the optimal sensing time of each CU for SPCSS that maximizes the achieved system throughput. The simulation results prove that the proposed scheme can significantly improve the throughput of the cognitive radio network compared with the conventional CSS.