• The Mathematical Education
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2003

One of the terms that are most often used in mathematics classrooms by either teachers or students might be about 'understanding' of mathematical concepts. Although 'understanding' in mathematics teaching and learning has been highly emphasized by many people, there is no exact and undebatable definition of 'understanding' as of yet. This paper tries to contribute to unfolding the meaning and the structure of understanding in mathematics education along with various literature and finally enhance our understanding of 'understanding' in mathematics education.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.145-151
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• 2013

The aim of this research is clarify the relationship between concept understanding degree about the environment and environmental sensitivity and heighten understanding of environmental education target to pre-service elementary teacher. The subjects of this study are science education intensive course 65 students of B educational university. Concept understanding degree about the environment was separately investigated by 'the definition of environmental education', 'Write The positive concept of the natural environment education and briefly describe.''The negative concept of the natural environment education and briefly describe'. Next clarify the relationship between concept understanding degree about the environment and environmental sensitivity target to pre-service elementary teacher. Based on these results, propose an alternative to cultivate pre-service elementary teacher's knowledge about environmental education. Degree of understanding of the concept environmental education research results are as follows. First, Cognition degree about definition of environmental education of pre-service elementary teacher is correctly recognized generally. Second, They do not think deeply about natural environment when it comes to the positive concept of the natural environment of pre-service elementary teacher. Third, They have only a little interest in natural environment when it comes to the negative concept of the natural environment of pre-service elementary teacher. Correlation research results of degree of understanding of the concept of environmental and environmental sensitivity are as follows. High understanding degree of environmental education is high environmental sensitivity. Heighten environmental sensitivity of pre-service elementary teacher will be sustainable environmental education so education is necessary for environmental Sensitivity training.

• Korean Journal of Child Education & Care
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.231-246
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate early childhood special education teachers' experience, difficulties and need for effective disability understanding education in inclusive education field. The researcher interviewed 3 different early childhood special education teacher. Each participant was individually interviewed 2-3 times with deliberated questions for collecting data. After the interview was analyzed, the contents were categorized into three major themes and twelve sub themes. The three major themes were (1) early childhood special education teachers' difficulties in inclusive education field. (2) experience in the disability understanding education (3) need for proper disability understanding education. First, the teachers were awareness of the difficulties at the inclusive education field due to ambiguity in the role and location, the extension of the expertise, and the misaligned system. Second, teachers stated that the barriers to disability understanding education include creating prejudice, varied according to teachers ' abilities, poor perception of appropriate methods, and low concerns of adults and young children. Third, the results showed that development of the teaching manual, improvement of the administrative system, change in perception of disability understanding education, and disability understanding education based on the experiences of young children were necessary for effective disability understanding education. Based on these results, several specific implications for effective disability understanding education were suggested.

• Research in Mathematical Education
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.63-78
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• 2013

Trigonometric ratios are difficult concepts to teach and learn in middle school. One of the reasons is that the mathematical terms (sine, cosine, tangent) don't convey the idea literally. This paper deals with the understanding of a concept from the learner's standpoint, and searches the orientation of teaching that make students to have full understanding of trigonometric ratios. Such full understanding contains at least five constructs as follows: skill-algorithm, property-proof, use-application, representation-metaphor, history-culture understanding [Usiskin, Z. (2012). What does it mean to understand some mathematics? In: Proceedings of ICME12, COEX, Seoul Korea; July 8-15,2012 (pp. 502-521). Seoul, Korea: ICME-12]. Despite multi-aspects of understanding, especially, the history-culture aspect is not yet a part of the mathematics class on the trigonometric ratios. In this respect this study investigated the effect of history approach on students' understanding when the history approach focused on the mathematical terms is used to teach the concept of trigonometric ratios in Grade 9 mathematics class. As results, the experimental group obtained help in more full understanding on the trigonometric ratios through such teaching than the control group. This implies that the historical derivation of mathematical terms as well as the context of mathematical concepts should be dealt in the math class for the more full understanding of some mathematical concepts.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.236-241
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the elementary and middle school students' understanding of observation, prediction, and hypothesis in everyday and science educational contexts. The questionnaires for testing understanding of three categories were developed, which obtained Cronbach alpha .91. It was consisted of 40 questions of 10 items related to observation, prediction, and hypothesis. Thy test was administrated to 868 subjects from grade 3 to grade 9. The results showed that the each level of their understanding of observation, prediction, and hypothesis ranged between $29{\~}58\%$, $43{\~}53\%$, and $10{\~}25\%$. The level of understanding of observation and prediction showed tendency to promote increasingly from grade 3 to grade 9, but the level of hypothesis did not.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.11-24
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to analyze the needs of the preservice secondary school teacher on understanding of international society and curriculum of international understanding and to derive the implications on developing curriculum of international understanding. This study used a questionnaire survey. The results are summarized as follows. First, it seems to be necessary to develop curriculum for satisfying the higesconcerns on worldsculture of preservice secondary school teacher. Second, the curriculum of educating international understanding for preservice secondary school teacher should contain such contents as multiple cultures, multiple perspectives, global relations and instructional materials. Third, it is necessary that instructions on educating international understanding should employ experience of global culture, discussion, lecture and so on.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.266-285
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• 2008

This study investigated the relationship between musical understanding and expression, the purpose of music education. It also intended to present the theoretical basis of integrated early childhood music education by examining into the necessity of it as a method to help young children with musical understanding and expression. The results of the study showed that either of the understanding and expression of music should be necessary and there is a mutual promotional relationship between them. It was found out that real musical understanding can be formed not by mechanical skill, but when the relationship between notes is understood with various experiences. Therefore an integrated early childhood music education became necessary as a principle of educational method to help young children with musical understanding and musical expression. Concretely it was found out to be necessary in terms of the characteristics, interest and concern of young children, the use and development of multi intelligence and the translation of the same knowledge into the same level.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.110-120
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• 2007

Education for International Understanding is not fully implemented in middle schools although it is underlined in the 7th Curriculum. So this study aims to analyse the areas in which Education for International Understanding through the creative optional activities in the middle schools can be conducted, and the method to promote Education for International Understanding through these areas. And we propose the specific instruction plans which can be used in class on each area and some points of the methodological improvement.

• Research in Mathematical Education
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• v.9 no.2 s.22
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• pp.125-133
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• 2005

This paper investigates student conceptual understanding and application on algebra using problem-based curricula. Seven principles which National Research Council announced were considered because these seven principles all involved in the development of a deep conceptual understanding. A problem-based curriculum itself provides a significant contribution to improving student learning. A problem-based curriculum encourages students to obtain a more conceptual understanding in algebra. From the results the national curriculum developers in Korea consider the problem-based curriculum.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2003

The discussion about environmental education is a little new concept which emerged remarkably in late 1960s. The environmental education means the educational curriculum which make sure value understanding and conception to develop function and attitudes necessary for the proper understanding and evaluating the interaction between human beings and physical environment Centenng an important geographical paraingm for 'the interaction between human beings and physical environment', to make the students understand the concept of environment and know environmental problems are the tasks to be pursued in environmental education courses in the middle school geography classes. The reasonable understanding of environmental problems and voluntary participation through the efficient environmental education in middle school geography classes, not only the systemization of educational curriculum and other needed changes mentioned above, but also the development of policy and institution in national government accompanying with earnest attention and effort must be made in environmental education and other environment-related fields.