• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.329-333
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• 1997

Rheological properties of partially purified fucoidans of Laminaria religiosa, sporophylls of Undaria pinnatifida, Hizikia fusiforme, and Sargassum fulvellum in Korea were investigated, The fucoidans produced aqueous solutions of low apparent viscosity with pseudoplastic flow behavior. The viscosity of $5\%$ solution of the fucoidan from sporophylls of U. pinnatifida was 2.2 mPa.s. The activaton energies of L. religiosa, sporophylls of U. pinnatifida, H. fusiforme and S. fulvellum were $8.269\times10^6,\;7.498\times10^6,\;7.141\times10^6,\;and\;6.677\times10^6\;J/Kg.mol$ at 1,500 1/s of shear rate, respectively. The viscosity of the fucoidan solution was increased by the addition of sugar, but that was not changed by addition of NaCl.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.336-341
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• 1982

The histochemical examination of Undaria pinnatifida Laver were conducted with light microscope and electron microscope. The results obtained were as follow: 1. Undaria pinnatifida frond were composed with epidermis, cortex and medulla. But the cutting section of Undaria pinnatifida Laver showed that only the epidermal cell were bound to each other. The cortex and medulla of the frond were destroyed during U.P. Laver process. 2. To identification of bind material of U.P. Laver, which were treated with sodium carbonate solution for extraction of alginic acid and reacted with Periodic Acid Schiff(PAS) reagent. And the PAS reaction result was negative by light microscope observation. On this result, we found out that the alginic acid has the binder role of U.P. Laver. 3. Also, the bind structure of U.P. Laver were observed by electron microscope and could well find out the epidermal cell wall and bind position of alginic acid, which were could not observed by light microscope.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.151-156
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• 2011

For the development of functional food and cosmetics using the hot water extract of Undaria pinnatifida, the concentrations of vitamin, amino acid and element and activities of antioxidant and nitrite scavenging were investigated. The results are shown as follows: Vitamin C and E concentrations were 0.301 and 0.11 mg/100 g, respectively. Mineral concentrations were an order of Ca > Mg > K > Fe. The concentrations of total amino acids were an order of Glu > Ala > Val > Leu > Gly > Pro. Total phenol concentration and DPPH radical scavenging activity were increased with the increase of the concentration of extract. Especially, when the extract concentrationwas increased from 1.0 to 10.0 mg/mL, the total phenol concentration was increased from 0.043 to 0.125 OD 725 nm. DPPH radical scavenging activity at 50 mg/mL was 70.1%. The antioxidant activity of extract was stable in range of 80 to $140^{\circ}C$ and pH 3-9. The nitrite scavenging activity was increased with the decreaseof pH and the increase of it's extract concentration. Especially, it was 83.4% at 50 mg/mL (pH 1.2). These results showed that the hot water extract of U. pinnatifida can be applied to functional food and cosmetics.

• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.81-86
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• 2011

This study was conducted to evaluate the genotoxcity of gamma-irradiated Undaria pinnadifida after harvest for enhancing the storage and microbial safety during drying process. The harvested seaweed was irradiated with the doses of 1 and 10 kGy. The genotoxicity was evaluated by Ames test (Salmonella typhimurium reversion assay) and SOS chromotest. The results from all samples were negative in the bacterial reversion assay with S. typhimurium TA98 and TA100. No mutagenicity was detected in the assay, at both with and without metabolic activation. The SOS chromotest also indicated that the gamma-irradiated U. pinnadifida did not show any mutagenicity. Therefore, this study indicated that gamma irradiation could be used for extending the shelf-life of U. pinnadifida.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.590-593
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• 2009

The effect of gamma irradiation on the storage stability of Undaria pinnatifida was investigated. A three-log reduction in total aerobic bacteria in U. pinnatifida samples was obtained by irradiation with 3 kGy. During storage for 2 weeks, the viable counts of microorganisms in non-irradiated U. pinnatifida increased to 6 log CFU/g. However, irradiation of U. pinnatifida by 5 kGy eliminated microorganisms. The Hunter $L^{\ast}-value$ of U. pinnatifida was slightly increased after 5 kGy of irradiation. The hardness properties of U. pinnatifida decreased during storage, but were not changed by irradiation with up to 3 kGy. These results indicate that low-dose irradiation (3 kGy) could be effective for improvement of the storage stability of U. pinnatifida.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.175-186
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• 2022

Sea mustard (Undaria pinnatifida), an important edible seaweed belonging to the brown algal family of Alariaceae, contains copious physiologically active substances. It has long been popular in Korea as a food and is frequently consumed in the form of soup. It is also commercially available as a home meal replacement. In this study, we developed a seasoning key base with a high degree of sensory preference from sea mustard using the extrusion cooking process. Extrusion cooking conditions were optimized through response surface methodology. Barrel temperature (X₁, 140℃-160℃) and screw speed (X₂, 158-315 rpm) were set as independent variables, and overall preference was determined as the dependent variable (Y, points). An optimal condition was obtained at X₁ = 148.5℃ and X₂ = 315 rpm, and the dependent variable (Y, overall acceptance) was 7.95 points, similar to the experimental value of 7.81. Umami taste had a relationship with the overall acceptance of sea mustard seasoning. In the electronic nose and tongue, increased sourness and umami intensities were associated with the highest sensory score. The samples were separated well by each characteristic via principal component analysis. Collectively, our study provides imperative preliminary data for the development of various seasonings using sea mustard.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.33-40
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• 2013

Objectives : To study the apoptosis effects of fermented Undaria pinnatifida extracts(FUP) against HCT-15 colon cancer cells. Method : By measuring cell proliferation, DNA fragmentation, cell cycle, morphology, and western blot from FUP, the study investigated the effects of the extractions had upon the HCT-15 colon cancer cells, and concluded that the inhibiting effects upon cells were induced by apoptosis. Result : FUP effectively inhibited the growth of HCT-15 colon cancer cells. After analyzing the DNA fragmentation, the study observed a DNA ladder, while examining the cells, and found an increase of sub-G1 hypodiploid cells. On the changes regarding the nucleus of the cells, a condensation of cells and chromatin, as well as an apoptotic body was clearly observed. By observing through western blot from FUP, the study found a decreased level of Bcl-2 from HCT-15 colon cancer cells, but the increased level of Bax and cleaved caspase-3, which as a result induced apoptosis, inhibiting the growth of HCT-15 colon cancer cells. FUP increased the natural death of HCT-15 colon cancer cells by the induction of apoptosis. FUP seemed to have no suppressing effect upon HL-60/MX2 cells. However, compared to the fucoidan, the study was able to clearly observe morphological changes of HCT-15 cells apoptosis, in a 1/2 concentration. Conclusion : FUP had antiproliferative effects on different kinds of cancer cells, while proving especially efficacious against colon cancer cells.

• ALGAE
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.163-174
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• 2022

Light-emitting-diodes (LEDs) are a lighting source useful for the precise evaluation of light quality effect on biological systems. Despite the importance of light spectra on the regeneration of land plant protoplasts ("naked cells"), this factor has not been tested yet on protoplasts from multicellular algae. This study reports on the effects of pure primary colors (red, blue, and green), dichromatic (red plus blue, RB, 1 : 2) and white LEDs on protoplast regeneration from male and female Undaria pinnatifida gametophytes. We also evaluated the effect of different light spectra on pigment composition (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll c, and fucoxanthine), and the light intensities under the best condition on the regeneration process. In the early stages, blue or RB LEDs increased the percentage of dividing female protoplasts, whereas red, blue, and RB LEDs enhanced that of dividing male protoplasts. In the later stages, RB LEDs showed a positive effect only on the percentage of multiple rhizoid-like protrusions (male gametophyte). They also increased the final area of both regenerated gametophytes. The LEDs did not affect pigment composition in female gametophytes. In male gametophytes, in contrast, they reduced chlorophyll c, while blue, RB, and green LEDs decreased fucoxanthin. Under RB LEDs, the optimal light intensity was 80 µmol photons m^-2 s^-1 for female gametophytes and 40 to 60 µmol photons m^-2 s^-1 for male gametophytes. Our results suggest that dichromatic LED illumination (red-blue) improves regeneration of U. pinnatifida gametophyte-isolated protoplasts. Thus, dichromatic LEDs might a suitable light source for enhancing protoplast regeneration in brown seaweeds.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.196-203
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• 2023

We investigated the nutritional characteristics and antioxidant effects of sea mustard Undaria pinnatifida fractions from Gultongmeori in Taejongdae, Youngdo, Busan. Based on dry weight, the moisture, crude protein, crude lipid, crude ash, and crude fiber contents were 34.98%, 11.55%, 0.43%, 17.82%, and 3.45%, respectively. To evaluate the antioxidant effect, we used radical scavenging (DPPH and ABTS), reactive oxygen species (ROS) production measurement, and DNA oxidation assays. Total flavonoid and phenol contents were higher in the n-hexane fraction than in other fractions. The n-hexane fraction was more effective at scavenging free radicals than other fractions as assessed using DPPH and ABTS assays (P<0.05). The ROS production assay showed that all sea mustard fractions decreased H₂O₂ induced cellular ROS production compared to that seen in the control (P<0.05); however, the n-hexane fraction reduced cellular ROS production to a greater extent than the other fractions. Furthermore, the n-hexane fraction from Gultongmeori significantly inhibited genomic DNA oxidation. These results indicate that the antioxidant effect of sea mustard is associated with its high flavonoid and phenol content. This study proposes that processed food products supplemented with sea mustard can be developed as functional foods to promote health in the local population.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.221-225
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• 2012

The anti-inflammatory effects of Undaria pinnatifida water extract (UPWE) were investigated using lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in this study. To examine the potential anti-inflammatory properties of UPWE, the cell proliferation, nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-${\alpha}$) and IL-$1{\beta}$ were measured. As a result, there was no cytotoxicity in the macrophage proliferation treated with UPWE compared to the control. NO levels decreased with increasing concentration of UPWE. Moreover, the secretion of IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-$1{\beta}$ were suppressed in a dose-dependent manner, and IL-6 inhibition activities were over 50% at 0.1%. These results suggested that UPWE may have significant effects on inflammatory factors and be a potential anti-inflammatory therapeutic materials.