• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.357-367
• /
• 2015

With the ongoing development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) platforms and advancements in the latest bioinformatics tools at an unprecedented pace, the ultimate goal of sequencing the human genome for less than $1,000 can be feasible in the near future. The rapid technological advances in NGS have brought about increasing demands for statistical methods and bioinformatics tools for the analysis and management of NGS data. Even in the early stages of the commercial availability of NGS platforms, a large number of applications or tools already existed for analyzing, interpreting, and visualizing NGS data. However, the availability of this plethora of NGS data presents a significant challenge for storage, analyses, and data management. Intrinsically, the analysis of NGS data includes the alignment of sequence reads to a reference, base-calling, and/or polymorphism detection, de novo assembly from paired or unpaired reads, structural variant detection, and genome browsing. While the NGS technologies have allowed a massive increase in available raw sequence data, a number of new informatics challenges and difficulties must be addressed to improve the current state and fulfill the promise of genome research. This review aims to provide an overview of major NGS technologies and bioinformatics tools for NGS data analyses.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.49-56
• /
• 2010

In the pyroprocessing of spent nuclear fuels, LiCl-KCl waste salt containing radioactive rare earth chlorides are generated. The radioactive rare earth oxides are recovered by co-oxidative precipitation of rare earth elements. The powder phase of rare eath oxide waste must be immobilized to produce a monolithic wasteform suitable for storage and ultimate disposal. The immobilization of these waste developed in this study involves a solid state sintering of the waste with host borosilicate glass and zinc titanate based ceramic matrix(ZIT). And the rare-earth monazite which synthesised by reaction of ammonium di-hydrogen phosphate with the rare earth oxides waste, were immobilzed with the borosilicate glass. It is shown that the developed ZIT ceramic wasteform is highly resistant the leaching process, high density and thermal conductivity.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.51-60
• /
• 2008

Soil nailing systems are generally many used to the temporary structure in underground excavations and reinforcements of slopes in Korea. However, large-scaled experimental studies related to soil nailing systems are mostly studies related to performance monitoring and field pullout tests. Specially, there are no researches related in the large scaled load tests of soil nailed walls in Korea. In this study, a case study on the large scaled load tests of soil nailed walls is introduced and the behavior characteristic of them is investigated. Also, they are proposed allowable deformation corresponding to the serviceability limit of soil nailed walls and ultimate deformation corresponding to the collapse state of the walls. These results can be applied to the maintenance management of soil nailed walls. And analysis on the required minimum factor of safety of soil nailed walls using the relation curve of load ratio and deformation ratio are carried out.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.14 no.3 s.50
• /
• pp.181-190
• /
• 2005

In accordance with the rapid growth of digital media in 1990s, the state of indetermination that is found in digital process has been emphasized in the field of natural science and philosophy. Digitalized space design has been dramatically developed and it raised heated debate and comment on 'folded space' The purpose of this thesis is to explore how the cognitive-ecological factors constitute fold structures in space design of the late 20th century. Syntax of space structure and geometric composition were analyzed to define what types of cognitive-ecological factors are contrived in the process of visual information. In particular, I put higher theoretical emphasis on what characteristics are ensued in the process of structuring spaces than any other subjects. Through theses analyses and discussions, I raised questions on what principles are operating to create new space design that counts on non-linear structure and its formational process. And I also observed what influences these structural principles of design could fundamentally bring to human beings. First, I proposed that we could overcome reductionist space design through cognitive-ecological approach. Some key concepts such as affordance, parallel processing, and redundancy were adopted as defining elements of non-linear structures. As a result of analyses, I found that the cognitive-ecological approach could substitute the reductionist space design of the past. What is also found is that the three variables are the ultimate ecological elements. In addition, as a methodological concept of fold structures, the form of 'topology' was highlighted because it could be a supporting idea to the cognitive-ecological factors. Second, I claimed that non-linear design is more experiential than rational linear design, and it is more efficiently correspondent to human being than any other forms. What is intended and implied in non-linear structure is also indicated.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2002.10a
• /
• pp.133-138
• /
• 2002

A 3-D axisymmetric computer program is developed to predict the NO behavior in SNCR system for the stoker incinerator with the waste treatment capacity, 200ton/day. To this end a turbulent reacting flow field calculation is made using proper assumption and empiricism. The stoker bed is assumed to be a homogeneous waste-volatilized gaseous state. The initial composition or reactants are assumed based on the data of the ultimate analysis. Turbulent is resolved by k-e model and turbulent reaction is handled by eddy-breakup model harmonized with empirical chemistry data for gaseous combustion, NO and urea reaction. The liquid droplet is traced by Lagrangian method incorporated by aerodynamic drag, Coriolis and crntrifugal forces. Radiation is treated by sensible heat loss model. Calculation results are in good agreement with experimental data at the outlet of post combustion chamber in Daejon 4th industrial complex. The flue gas shows the temperature range of $900\sim1000^{\circ}C$, velocity of 5m/s and NO concentration of 140ppm at the exit while the measured temperature, flue gas velocity and NO concentration are $967^{\circ}C$, $3\sim4m/s$ and $100\sim200ppm$respectively. Using the developed computer program a parametric study has been made with the variation of heat content of waste, castable length and SNCR variables for the determination of proper injector location. In general, the calculated results are consistent and physically acceptable.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.149-155
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study is to create a program that will revitalize as an autonomous person through dialogue training that integrates reason and emotion when the personality formed as a child does not help life and growth of reality. The research method is to analyze the current personality as five ego states and find a way to correct or complement the result. Study results found a way to complement the external ego states shown in the state to self-activation techniques, The inner part is to achieve autonomy through the change of Trinity, the ultimate goal of change of Transactional Analysis(TA) namely, the change of three abilities: self-awareness, spontaneity, and intimacy. This is the ability to use all the resources of an individual to solve problems, or to make recovery look real.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.251-267
• /
• 1991

Plastic strength analysis using plastic failure mode as a limit state is adopted instead of a conventional elastic structural analysis to predict the ultimate strength of Web frame idealized by a plane frame. Linear programming arid Compact procedure are developed for determining the collapse load factor. It is found that the final results are good agreement with the results of Elasto-plastic analysis. Besides, the redundant structures like Web frame is known to have multiple failure modes. Web frame may collapse under any of the possible failure modes. Thus, the identification of these possible failure modes is necessary and very important in the reliability analysis of Web frame. In order to deal with multiple failure modes, automatic generation method of all failure modes and basic failure modes is used for selecting the dominant failure modes. The probability of failure pastic collapse of Web frame is calculated using these dominant failure modes. The safety of Web frame is asscssed and compared by performing the deterministic and probabilistic analysis.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.81-98
• /
• 2003

In modern society, there are diverse sorts of VIPs including a king and individuals. Some like a king or president are in need of professional secret services, and others become VIPs by being guarded by a bodyguard company at their own request. The former is called a public guard, and the latter is a private one. In the field of the public guard, the nation should be furnished with a guard system in consideration of political circumstances to protect VIPs. That is, the parliamentary cabinet system and presidential system call for a different guard system, and the guard system's professional features vary to some degree with political situations and cultural climate. If the ultimate goal of guard is to protect the chief of the democratic and open state in a most efficient and safe manner, it's mandatorily necessary to set up a professional and specialized guard organization to provide democratic and efficient secret services. It's desired that the domestic presidential guard division should be staffed with not only expert guards but other personnels dispatched from the military and police. In the police, guard mission is splitted among various guard and security agencies, including the National Police Agency's public security bureau or the Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency's public security division, 101 security unit, mobile police and 22 special guard division. As a chain of command is separated and it's difficult to manage such organizations effectively, the National Police Agency should be exclusively in charge of VIP guard and security. In the area of private guard, the private police system has shared national security task as a middle organization between the private police and private guard. But now its intent has gradually weakened, and its mission should be redefined. In addition, the way people look at private guard should change, and they should be well informed that it could serve to prevent possible crimes, protect them against crimes and get rid of their inconveniences. To make a good impression on people, the guard associations and businesses should put their efforts into reinforcing publicity activities, and the government, academic circles and press should team up with them as well.

• Elastomers and Composites
• /
• v.45 no.1
• /
• pp.17-24
• /
• 2010

Herein, the effect of the dispersion uniformity of the multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) on the thermal and electrical conductivity of polystyrene (PS)/MWCNT composite was investigated. The PS/MWCNT composites were prepared by solution mixing from dispersions of various MWCNTs in PS/tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution. Three types of MWCNTs were used; pristine MWCNT, hydroxyl functionalized MWCNT, which was functionalized with $KMnO_4$ in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst at room temperature, and pristine MWCNT with BYK-9077 as a dispersant. It was found that the stable dispersion state of MWCNT in PS/THF solutions significantly improved the thermal and electrical conductivity of the ultimate composites. It is noted that the thermal and electrical conductivity of PS/3 wt% pristine MWCNT composite with BYK-9077 were about 9.4 and 30~50% higher than those of PS/3 wt% pristine MWCNT composite, respectively.

• STI Policy Review
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.46-62
• /
• 2012

This study investigates the effects of the two most important indicators of a nation's state of scientific infrastructure: R&D investment and the number of R&D researchers engaged in high-tech product export competitiveness for a panel of 11 countries/economies from East Asia from 1994 to 2010. A GMM panel estimation method was employed to account for the dynamic effect of trade and to control for un-observed country specific effects that may arise due to an inter-country differences and intra-country dynamics. Accordingly, the empirical results reveal that (once controlled for the influence of per capita income) physical capital and infrastructure, a 1% increase in a country's expenditure on the ratio of R&D to GDP may increase high-tech product export performance by approximately $397 million per year. Other factors constant, a 1% increase in the number of R&D researchers is expected to increase the ability to export high-tech products by approximately $67 million. The East Asian development experience demonstrates how latecomers can follow systematic industrialization and join the handful of economies that have come a long way toward closing the knowledge gap with the global technological leaders. However, this does not mean that the policy approaches and overall commitments pursued by each East Asian economy in relation to R&D investment and acquisition of an adequate pool of researchers, and their ultimate achievements in high-tech product export competitiveness were uniform. As a result, there is still a significant variation among countries/economies in terms of performance. This study recommended a number of potential tools and policy instruments that may assist policy makers to foster R&D as an engine to enhance the high-tech product export competitiveness.