• International journal of steel structures
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.1741-1753
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• 2018

Metallic dampers are sacrificial devices (fuses) that dissipate significant energy during earthquakes while protecting other parts of structures from possible damage. In addition to numerous implementation opportunities of other base isolation systems, U-shaped dampers (UD) are one of the widely investigated and used devices in practice especially in Japan. The present study focuses on enhancing seismic performance of these types of dampers by changing their geometric properties. UDs with perforated (i.e. with holes) and/or nonparallel arms are developed for this purpose. For a better comparison, the criterion of equal material volume (or mass) has been utilized. Three dimensional finite element models of the new type of UDs are formed and investigated numerically under selected displacement histories. Based on the obtained hysteretic curves; dissipated energy intensities, effective stiffness ratios, reaction forces, effective damping ratios are evaluated in this parametric study. It is found that both damper types have merits in use of seismic applications and that the selection of the damper configuration is dependent on the design specific issues.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.1409-1425
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• 2021

In wide-ranging information society, fast and easy access to information in language of one's choice is indispensable, which may be provided by using various multilingual Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications. Natural language text contains references among different language elements, called anaphoric links. Resolving anaphoric links is a key problem in NLP. Anaphora resolution is an essential part of NLP applications. Anaphoric links need to be properly interpreted for clear understanding of natural languages. For this purpose, a mechanism is desirable for the identification and resolution of these naturally occurring anaphoric links. In this paper, a framework based on Hobbs syntactic approach and a system developed by Lappin & Leass is proposed for resolution of reflexive anaphoric links, present in Urdu text documents. Generally, anaphora resolution process takes three main steps: identification of the anaphor, location of the candidate antecedent(s) and selection of the appropriate antecedent. The proposed framework is based on exploring the syntactic structure of reflexive anaphors to find out various features for constructing heuristic rules to develop an algorithm for resolving these anaphoric references. System takes Urdu text containing reflexive anaphors as input, and outputs Urdu text with resolved reflexive anaphoric links. Despite having scarcity of Urdu resources, our results are encouraging. The proposed framework can be utilized in multilingual NLP (m-NLP) applications.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.81-87
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• 2021

The aim of the current study is to compare the performance of large 2 MW and 3 MW wind turbines operating on existing onshore wind farms using Blade Element Momentum (BEM) theory and Angular Momentum (AM) theory and illustrate the performance characteristic curves of the turbines as a function of wind speed (U∞). To achieve this, the measurement data obtained from two different Wind Energy Power Plants (WEPPs) located in the Hatay region of Turkey was used. Two different horizontal-axis wind turbines with capacities of 2 MW and 3 MW were selected for evaluation and comparison. The hub-height wind speed (UD), turbine power output (P), atmospheric air temperature (Tatm) and turbine rotational speed (Ω) data were used in the evaluation of the turbine performance characteristics. Curves of turbine power output (P), axial flow induction factor (a), turbine rotational speed (Ω), turbine power coefficient (CP), blade tip speed ratio (λ), thrust force coefficient (CT) and thrust force (T) as a function of U∞ were obtained for the 2 MW and 3 MW wind turbines and these characteristic curves were compared. Results revealed that, for the same wind speed conditions, the higher-capacity wind turbine (3 MW) was operating at higher turbine power coefficient rates, while rotating at lower rotational speed ratios than the lower-capacity wind turbine (2 MW).

• Advances in nano research
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.385-395
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• 2021

This research concentrates on the effects of distributions and volume fractions of carbon nanotubes (CNT) on the nonlinear bending behavior of deep cylindrical panels reinforced by functionally graded carbon nanotubes under thermo-mechanical loading, hitherto not reported in the literature. Assuming the effects of shear deformation and moderately high value of the radius-to-side ratio (R/a), based on the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) and von Karman type of geometric nonlinearity, the governing system of equations is obtained. The analytical solution of field equations is carried out using the Ritz method together with the Newton-Raphson iterative scheme. The effects of radius-to-side ratio, temperature change, and boundary conditions on the nonlinear response of the functionally graded carbon nanotubes reinforced composite deep cylindrical panel (FG-CNTRC) are investigated. It is concluded that, among the five possible distribution patterns of CNT, FG-V CNTRC deep cylindrical panel is strongest with the highest bending moment and followed by UD, X, O, and Ʌ-ones. Also, considering the present deep cylindrical panel formulation increases the accuracy of the results. Hence, according to the noticeable amount of R/a in FG-CNTRC cylindrical panels, it is mandatory to apply strain-displacement relations of deep cylindrical panels for bending analysis of FG-CNTRC which certainly is desirable for industrial application.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.52 no.12
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• pp.2969-2974
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• 2020

Looking at the recent studies, nuclear energy and carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions nexus shows inconclusive result. To further explain nuclear energy-pollution nexuses this study is an attempt to analyze the impact of nuclear energy on pollution reduction for BRICS countries covering data for the period from 1993 to 2017. This study conducts advanced panel techniques such as Continuously-Updated Fully-Modified (CUP-FM) and Continuously-Updated Bias-Corrected (CUP-BC) for long run estimation. Our results support the notion that nuclear energy reduce CO₂ emissions. Also, renewable energy corrects environmental pollution in BRICS countries. The magnitude of the coefficient of nuclear energy is less as compared to renewable energy, implying that nuclear is less effective in reducing environmental pollution. The findings offer significant policy understandings and suggestions not only for BRICS economies but for developing countries as well in designing suitable nuclear energy-growth-carbon policies.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.433-443
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• 2022

In the current paper, the nonlinear resonance response of functionally graded graphene platelet reinforced (FG-GPLRC) beams by considering different boundary conditions is investigated using the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. Four different graphene platelets (GPLs) distributions including UD and FG-O, FG-X, and FG-A are considered and the effective material parameters are calculated by Halpin-Tsai model. The nonlinear vibration equations are derived by Euler-Lagrange principle. Then the perturbation method is used to discretize the motion equations, and the loadings and displacement are all expanded, so as to obtain the first to third order perturbation equations, and then the asymptotic solution of the equations can be obtained. Then the nonlinear amplitude-frequency response is obtained with the help of the modified Lindstedt-Poincare method (Chen and Cheung 1996). Finally, the influences of the distribution types of GPLs, total GPLs layers, GPLs weight fraction, elastic foundations and boundary conditions on the resonance problems are comprehensively studied. Results show that the distribution types of GPLs, total GPLs layers, GPLs weight fraction, elastic foundations and boundary conditions have a significant effect on the nonlinear resonance response of FG-GPLRC beams.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.330-334
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• 2022

In light of the decreasing crop production and shortage of food across the world, one of the crucial criteria of agriculture nowadays is selecting the right crop for the right piece of land at the right time. First problem is that How Farmers can predict the right crop for cultivation because famers have no knowledge about prediction of crop. Second problem is that which algorithm is best that provide the maximum accuracy for crop prediction. Therefore, in this research Author proposed a method that would help to select the most suitable crop(s) for a specific land based on the analysis of the affecting parameters (Temperature, Humidity, Soil Moisture) using machine learning. In this work, the author implemented Random Forest Classifier, Support Vector Machine, k-Nearest Neighbor, and Decision Tree for crop selection. The author trained these algorithms with the training dataset and later these algorithms were tested with the test dataset. The author compared the performances of all the tested methods to arrive at the best outcome. In this way best algorithm from the mention above is selected for crop prediction.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.430-435
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• 2022

The infectious bursal disease (IBD) is a highly contagious and acute poultry disease caused by Birnavirus. However, the vaccination is the only disease prevention, but several factors impeded vaccine development. Thus, a need for time to develop a novel technique for managing and treating respiratory diseases in poultry birds. Passive immunization is a hope and a possible alternative used in birds to meet this need. The current research attempted to produce egg yolk-based polyclonal antibodies against the IBD virus. The benefits of IgY include ease of extraction, lack of reaction with mammalian Fc receptors, and low production cost. Commercial layers were immunized with inactivated IBD virus subcutaneously according to the treatment regimen. The eggs were gathered daily, and yolk antibodies were extracted with the ammonium sulfate precipitation technique. The use of an indirect hemagglutination test demonstrated that IgY was IBD-specific. Until the end of the experiment, the specific IgY immunoglobulins did not lose activity when stored at 4℃. The specific immunoglobulin (IgY) treated challenged birds were demonstrated 92% recovery in comparison to the control group. The study implies that the IBDV specific IgY is an easily prepared and rich source of antibodies and offers an alternative therapeutic agent to cure IBD-infected birds.

• Composites Research
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.15-21
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• 2009

In this paper, static compressive test and compression-compression fatigue test of carbon/epoxy composites which have different micro-structures were carried out with respect to the bias angle. In order to find out the effect of the micro-structure of the fabric composite on compressive characteristics the specimens made of UD carbon/epoxy composite comprising the same fiber and matrix system as the fabric composite were also prepared. The compressive strength and modulus were measured and these values were used to develop a semi-empirical formula for predicting compressive strength of the fabric composite with bias angles. The fatigue behavior of the fabric composite with respect to the bias angle variation was also investigated.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2023

This paper deals with the free vibration behavior of rotating composite beams reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) under uniform thermal loads. The temperature-dependent beam material is assumed to be a mixture of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in an isotropic matrix and five different functionally graded (FG) distributions of CNTs are considered according to the variation along the thickness, namely the UD-uniform, FG-O, FG-V, FG-Λ and FG-X distributions where FG-V and FG-Λ are unsymmetrical patterns. Considering the Timoshenko beam theory (TBT), a new finite element formulation of functionally graded carbon nanotube reinforced composite (FGCNTRC) beam is created for the first time. And the effects of several essential parameters including rotational speed, hub radius, effective material properties, slenderness ratio, boundary conditions, thermal force and moments due to temperature variation are considered in the formulation. By implementing different boundary conditions, some new results of both symmetric and non-symmetrical distribution patterns are presented in tables and figures to be used as benchmark for further validation. In addition, as an alternative advanced composite application for rotating systems exposed to thermal load, the positive effects of CNT addition in improving the dynamic performance of the system have been observed and the results are presented in several tables and figures.