• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제28권1_2호
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• pp.163-173
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• 2010

We consider the system $$\{{{-{\Delta}_pu\;=\;{\lambda}f(\upsilon),\;\;\;x\;{\in}\;{\Omega}, \atop -{\Delta}_q{\upsilon}\;=\;{\mu}g(u),\;\;\;x\;{\in}\;{\Omega},} \atop u\;=\;\upsilon\;=\;0,\;\;\;x\;{\in}\;{\partial\Omega},}$$ where ${\Delta}_pu\;=\;div(|{\nabla}_u|^{p-2}{\nabla}_u)$, ${\Delta}_{q{\upsilon}}\;=\;div(|{\nabla}_{\upsilon}|^{q-2}{\nabla}_{\upsilon})$, p, $q\;{\geq}\;2$, $\Omega$ is a ball in $\mathbf{R}^N$ with a smooth boundary $\partial\Omega$, $N\;{\geq}\;1$, $\lambda$, $\mu$ are positive parameters, and f, g are smooth functions that are negative at the origin and f(x) ~ $x^m$ g(x) ~ $x^n$ for x large for some m, $n\;{\geq}\;0$ with mn < (p - 1)(q - 1). We establish the existence and uniqueness of positive radial solutions when the parameters $\lambda$ and $\mu$ are large.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.51-58
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• 2006

효율적인 도심 관리를 위해 다양한 시스템들이 사용되어 왔다. 본고에서는, radio over fiber (RoF) 와 passive optical network (PON) 기술을 결합하여 각 시스템 장점들을 이용하는 통합 도심 관리 시스템 (IUMS)을 소개한다. 아울러, 미래 ubiquitous city (U-city)의 실현을 위한 통합 도심 관리 시스템 적용의 타당성을 부여하기 위해 버스 정보 시스템 (BIS), 유무선 방재 시스템 (DDPS) 및 실시간 위치 정보 추적 시스템 (RTLS) 등을 포함한 다양한 통합 도심 관리 시스템을 적용한 서비스들을 상세히 기술한다.

• 의료법학
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.151-181
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• 2009

Im koreanischen Gesundheitsversicherungssystem spielt die soziale Solidarit$\ddot{a}$t Hauptrolle bei unterschiedlichen gesundheitspolitischen Entscheidungen. Daher wird manchmal vernachl$\ddot{a}$ssigt, dass auch die Qualit$\ddot{a}$tsverbesserung der Medizin und der Umfang der von der Krankenversicherung unterst$\ddot{u}$tzten medizinischen Leistungen wichtige Elemente der Krankenversciehrung sind. Um die letztere zwei Ideologien zu verwirklichen, soll insbesondere das Prinzip der Konkurrenz funktionieren k$\ddot{o}$nnen. Aber im koreanischen System hat die Konkurrenz fast gar kein Platz f$\ddot{u}$r sich. Auch das deutsche GKV (Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung)-system versucht die Sozialversicherung zu sein. Aber den deutschen Krankenversicherungssystem sieht es-speziell mit dem Vergleich vom Koreanischenzumindest viele unterschiedliche Funktionssysteme immanent zu sein. Zum einen tendiert die Einf$\ddot{u}$hrung des Gesundheitsfonds und vom Einheitlichen Beitragssatz die Sozialsolidarit$\ddot{a}$t zu verst$\ddot{a}$rken. Zum anderen tragen aber die Systeme von Zusatzbeitrag, Pr$\ddot{a}$mien und Wahltarife dazu bei, bessere Qualit$\ddot{a}$t der medizischen Leistungen zu garantieren und die Pr$\ddot{a}$ferenz von Patienten ernst zu nehmen. Es ist zwar nicht einfach vorauszusagen, zu welchen Ergebnissen diese Elementen f$\ddot{u}$hren. Aber die Funktion der unterscheidlichen Elementen, die die Konkurrenz motivieren konnen, zeigen schon viele Andeutungen f$\ddot{u}$r die Ver$\ddot{a}$nderung des korenischen Systems.

• 호남수학학술지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.197-203
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• 2008

We show the existence of the unique solution of the following system of the nonlinear wave equations with Dirichlet boundary conditions and periodic conditions under some conditions $U_{tt}-U_{xx}+av^+=s{\phi}_{00}+f$ in $(-{\frac{\pi}{2},{\frac{\pi}{2}}){\times}R$, ${\upsilon}_{tt}-{\upsilon}_{xx}+bu^+=t{\phi}_{00}+g$ in $(-{\frac{\pi}{2},{\frac{\pi}{2}}){\times}R$, where $u^+$ = max{u, 0}, s, t ${\in}$ R, ${\phi}_{00}$ is the eigenfunction corresponding to the positive eigenvalue ${\lambda}_{00}$ of the wave operator. We first show that the system has a positive solution or a negative solution depending on the sand t, and then prove the uniqueness theorem by the contraction mapping principle on the Banach space.

• 한국국방경영분석학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.123-135
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• 1979

Weapon System effectiveness indices are a key factor to the cost-effectiveness analysis in the process of allocating national resources in an optimal fashion. First part of this paper reviews the need of weapon -effectiveness indices, historical development of methodologies on military strength evaluation with various models of indices, and the interrelation-ship between weapon effectiveness indices and war-game. Second part of this paper analyzes the concepts and usage of the already developed methodologies, i .e., index of power, weapon lethality index (W.L.I.), index of fire power potential (I.F.P), fire power potential (F. P. P), and weapon effectiveness indices/weighted unit value (W. E. I/W. U. V.). Finally, weaknesses and limits of these methodologies are compared and evaluated. Result of this research shows that the W. L. I, I. F. P, and F. P. P seem to possess many non-scientific or ambiguous facets, but the W. E. I/W. U. V method produces more detailed, inclusive, and reasonable indices. The paper concludes with the emphasis on the importance of the provision of the theoretical bases to develop effectiveness indices which can be used to evaluate Korean weapon systems, and the early establishment of a specialized research group to manage and develop methodologies on the weapon effectiveness indices.

• 한국의사학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.43-56
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• 2011

Everyone once in a life experience headaches as symptoms are very common. According to a study in a country of more than a week and as many as those who have experienced a headache amounts to 69.4%. In addition, the high reported prevalence of migraine in 30s for 80% of all migraine sufferers daily life interfere with work or was affected. In Western medicine, the cause of headaches is traction or deformation of pain induced tissue like scalp, subcutaneous tissue, muscle, fascia, extracranial arteriovenous, nerves, periosteum. But it turns out there are not cause why pain induced tissue is being tracted or deformated. Therefore, most of the western-therapy is mainly conducted with regimen for a temporary symptom reduction. Therefore, I examined how it has been developed in Chinese Ming Dynasty, the perception of headache, change in disease stage and an etiological cause. Oriental medicine in the treatment of headache is a more fundamental way to have an excellent treatment. The recognition of head in "素問($s{\grave{u}}$ $w{\grave{e}}n$)" and "靈樞($l{\acute{i}}ng$ $sh{\bar{u}}$)" began to appear in 'Soul-神($sh{\acute{e}}n$) dwelling place' and 'where to gather all the Yang-'諸陽之會($zh{\bar{u}}$ $y{\acute{a}}ng$ $zh{\bar{i}}$ $hu{\grave{i}}$)'. Also, head was recognized as '六腑($li{\grave{u}}f{\check{u}}$) 淸陽之氣($q{\bar{i}}ng$ $y{\acute{a}}ng$ $zh{\bar{i}}$ $q{\grave{i}}$) and 五臟($w{\check{u}}$ $z{\grave{a}}ng$) 精血($j{\bar{i}}ng$ $xu{\grave{e}}$) gathering place'. More specific structures such as the brain is considered a sea of marrow(髓海-$su{\check{i}}$ $h{\check{a}}i$) in "內經($n{\grave{e}}i$ $j{\bar{i}}ng$)" and came to recognized place where a stroke occurs. Accompanying development of the recognition about head, there had been changed about the perception of headache and the recognition of the cause and mechanism of headache. And the recognition of headache began to be completed in Ming Dynasty through Jin, Yuan Dynasty. Chinese Ming Dynasty, specially 樓英($l{\acute{o}}u$ $y{\bar{i}}ng$), in "醫學綱目($y{\bar{i}}xu{\acute{e}}$ $g{\bar{a}}ngm{\grave{u}}$)", first enumerated prescription in detail by separating postpartum headache. and proposed treatment of headache especially due to postpartum sepsis(敗血-$b{\grave{a}}i$ $xu{\grave{e}}$). 許浚($x{\check{u}}$ $j{\grave{u}}n$) accepted a variety of views without impartial opinion in explaining one kind of headache in "東醫寶鑑($d{\bar{o}}ng-y{\bar{i}}$ $b{\check{a}}oji{\grave{a}}n)$" 張景岳($zh{\bar{a}}ng$ $j{\check{i}}ng$ $yu{\grave{e}}$), in "景岳全書($j{\check{i}}ng$ $yu{\grave{e}}$ $qu{\acute{a}}nsh{\bar{u}}$)", established his own unique classification system-新舊表裏($x{\bar{i}}nji{\grave{u}}$ $bi{\check{a}}ol{\check{i}}$)-, and offered a clear way even in treatment. Acupuncture treatment of headache in the choice of meridian has been developed as a single acupuncture point. Using the classification of headache to come for future generation as a way of locating acupoints were developed. Chinese Ming Dynasty, there are special treatments like 導引按蹻法($d{\check{a}}o$ y ${\check{i}}n$ ${\grave{a}}n$ $ji{\check{a}}o$ $f{\check{a}}$), 搐鼻法($ch{\grave{u}}$ $b{\acute{i}}$ $f{\check{a}})$, 吐法($t{\check{u}}$ $f{\check{a}}$), 外貼法($w{\grave{a}}i$ $ti{\bar{e}}$ $f{\check{a}}$), 熨法($y{\grave{u}}n$ $f{\check{a}}$), 點眼法($di{\check{a}}n$ $y{\check{a}}n$ $f{\check{a}}$), 熏蒸法($x{\bar{u}}nzh{\bar{e}}ng$ $f{\check{a}}$), 香氣療法($xi{\bar{a}}ngq{\grave{i}}$ $li{\acute{a}}of{\check{a}}$). Most of this therapy in the treatment of headache, it is not used here, but if you use a good fit for today's environment can make a difference.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 1996년도 10월 학술대회지
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• pp.521-528
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• 1996

This presentation explores on the perceptual characteristics of the lateral sound /l/ in CV syllables. At initial position we found that /l/ has well marked formant transitions. Then several questions arise: 1) are these formant structures dependent on the following vowel\ulcorner. 2) Are the formant transitions giving an additional cue for the identification\ulcorner Considering that the French vocalic system presents a greater variety of vowels than Spanish, several experiments were designed to verify to what extent a more extensive range of vocalic timbres contribute to the perception of /l/. Natural emissions of /l/ produced in Argentine Spanish and Canadian French CV syllables were recorded, where V was successively /i, e, a, o, u/ for Spanish and /i, e, $\varepsilon$, a, $\alpha$, o, u, y, \phi$/ for French. For each item, the segment C was maintained and V was replaced by cutting & splicing by each of the remaining vowels without transitions. Results of the identification tests for Spanish show that natural /l/ segments with low Fl and high formants F3, F4 can be clearly identified in the /i, e, u/ vowel contexts without transitions. For French subjects the combination of /l/ with a vowel without transitions reflected correct identifications for its own original vowel context in /e, $\varepsilon$, y, $\phi$/. For both languages, in all these combinations, F1 values remained rather steady along the syllable. In the case of /o, u/ very likely the F2 difference lead to a variety of perceptions of the original /l/. For example in Ilul, French subjects reported some identifications of /l/ as a vowel, mainly /y/. Our observations reinforce the importance of F1 as a relevant cue for /l/, and the incidence of the relative distance between formants frequencies of both components.

• 한국지능정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지능정보시스템학회 2007년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.457-462
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• 2007

시멘틱 웹에서의 온톨로지는 특정 영역의 설명을 위해 공유할 개념화된 명세란 정의로 널리 알려져 있으며, 시멘틱웹의 중요한 요소기술이다. 온톨로지는 특정 도메인에 대한 정보를 기술하는데, 이러한 온톨로지를 매핑할 경우 많은 양의 정보를 통합관리하거나, 상호호환성을 이룰 수 있다. 여러 온톨로지 매핑 방법론의 성능을 평가하는 수단 중 f-measure란 것이 있는다. f-measure의 값은 정확도(precision)과 응답률(recall)에 의해서 결정된다. 정확도와 응답률이 변화함에 따라 f-measure 값도 자연히 변하기 때문에, 높은 f-measure 값을 구하기 위해서는 정확도와 응답률의 밸런스를 조정할 필요가 있다. 본 논문에서는 높은 f-measure값을 얻을 수 있는 정확도와 재현률을 구하는 방법을 휴리스틱적 방법을 통하여 알아보고자 한다.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.481-493
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• 2012

Let $S$ be a upper triangular operator such that $M^L_S:\mathcal{U}_2{\rightarrow}\mathcal{U}_2$ defined by $M^L_S(F)=SF$ is a contraction. Then there exists an unitary linear system whose state space is the extension space $\tilde{D}_L$(S) associated with $\mathcal{H}_L$(S).

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.55-78
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• 2001

Given the anisotropic Poisson equation $-{\nabla}{\cdot}{\mathcal{K}}{\nabla}p=f$, one can convert it into a system of two first order PDEs: the Darcy law for the flux $u=-{\mathcal{K}{\nabla}p$ and conservation of mass ${\nabla}{\cdot}u=f$. A very natural mixed finite volume method for this system is to seek the pressure in the nonconforming P1 space and the Darcy velocity in the lowest order Raviart-Thomas space. The equations for these variables are obtained by integrating the two first order systems over the triangular volumes. In this paper we show that such a method is really a standard finite element method with local recovery of the flux in disguise. As a consequence, we compare two approaches in analyzing finite volume methods (FVM) and shed light on the proper way of analyzing non co-volume type of FVM. Numerical results for Dirichlet and Neumann problems are included.