• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Sericultural Science Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.47-47
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• 2001

No Abstract. See Full-text

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.267-274
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• 2019

This study aims to evaluate the effects of Shengmaisan (SMS) and three types of ShengmaisanJiaweifang on the inhibitory effect of melanin synthesis in B16F10 cells, the mechanism of action through tyrosinase, and the antioxidant effect through superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. In this study, we used ShengmaisanJiaweifangs (SMS, SMSRR, SMSAD, SMSAR) to research the whitening effects in B16F10 cell lines. Shengmaisan (SMS) was a herbal medicine composed of Ginseng Radix, Liriopis Tuber, and Schisandrae Fructus. ShengmaisanJiaweifangs included SMSRR (SMS added with Rehmanniae Radix), SMSAD (SMS added with Asparagi Radix) and SMSAR (SMS added with Astragali Radix). We measured the cell viability, the inhibition rate of the melanin biosynthesis, and the activity of tyrosinase and SOD in malignant melanoma, B16F10 cells, to survey the whitening effect and the mechanism of the impact on the sample. As a result, SMSRR significantly suppressed the cell viability of B16F10 at more than $500{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ and significantly inhibited the generation of melanin induced by ${\alpha}$-MSH at more than $250{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. SMSRR ($500{\mu}g/m{\ell}$) decreased the activity of tyrosinase while increased the activity of SOD. Therefore, we considered that the SMSRR would be able to produce high value-added products more SMS if used as a commercial.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.317-322
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• 2009

In the present study, the effect of ethanol extracts of leaf and root of Rosa multiflora on the proliferation of B16 cells, tyrosinase activity and melanin synthesis were investigated. 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide(MTT) assay demonstrated that the cell viability upon treatment with Rosa multiflora extract(0-200 ${\mu}g$/ml) was similar to that of untreated control. Treatment with leaf or root extracts(200 ${\mu}g$/ml) decreased the in vitro tyrosinase activity to about 65% of that in untreated control. Similarly, the intracellular tyrosinase activity of B16 cells decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, the melanin synthesis of B16 cells decreased by the two extracts in a concentration dependent manner. However, the extracts did not change the level of tyrosinase mRNA, as determined by RT-PCR. These results demonstrated that the Rosa multiflora extracts inhibit the tyrosinase dependent melanin biosynthesis, and therefore, are candidates for skin-whitening agents.

• Clean Technology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.401-407
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• 2017

This paper describes a shake-flask fermentation of Acacia flower producing whitening- and antioxidant- agents. Tyrosinase activity was inhibited in the presence of traditional and flask-fermentation broths whereas no inhibitory effect of flower extract was observed. Tyrosinase inhibition was 40% in the presence of solution containing 10% of extract from fermentation broth and it increased by increase in the concentration of it. Arbutin ($20mg\;mL^{-1}$) and kojic acid ($80{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$) gave 90% and 58% inhibition, respectively. The result indicates that whitening activity of 40% extract solution was comparable to that of kojic acid ($80{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$). The comparable antioxidant activity was observed for 60% extract and $10mg\;mL^{-1}$ vitamin solution. No noticeable toxicity was observed with extract. The physicochemical stability of fermentation supernatant was observed at room temperature storage condition. The result clearly shows that shake-flask fermentation of Acacia flower produced whitening agent for functional cosmetics.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.9
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• pp.946-951
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• 2014

Melanin plays a key role in the protection of skin from ultraviolet light that generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide, hydroxyl radical, singlet oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. However, the ROS leading to the oxidation of lipids, proteins and DNA are involved in the overproduction of melanin that is known to cause melasma, age spots and freckles. Among the herb medicines, Ulmus macrocarpa used in this study was reported to contain flavonoids as a main component. The aim of this study is to investigate the whitening and anti-oxidant effects of Ulmus macrocarpa ethanolic extracts (UMEE) in B16F1 cells. UMEE below $3.12{\mu}g/ml$ did not show cytotoxicity. In an anti-oxidant experiment, UMEE showed not only high reducing power and scavenging activity on DPPH, but it was also observed that UMEE exhibit an inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation. UMEE did not display an inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity in vitro. However, UMEE inhibited melanin synthesis in B16F1 cells. In addition, UMEE reduced the expression levels of tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TRP-2), which are key enzymes in melanogenesis. These results indicate that UMEE exert a whitening effect through the inhibition of both tyrosinase and TRP-2 expressions as well as anti-oxidant activity, suggesting that UMEE could have the functional potential for a whitening effect on the skin.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.361-371
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• 2013

This study was performed to determine the antimelanogenic effect and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of anthocyanin rich fraction (AN-SLP) from Liriope platyphylla Wang et Tang seeds. Anthocyanins isolated from L. platyphylla seeds revealed the presence of four major anthocyanin components, which were tentatively identified as delphinidin-3-Oglucoside, delphinidin-3-O-rutinoside, petunidin-3-O-rutinoside, and malvidin-3-O-rutinoside using semipreparative HPLC, $^1H$-NMR, $^{13}C$ NMR, FAB-MS and LC/ES-MS. The inhibitory effect of AN-SLP on tyrosinase activity was studied using in vitro (against mushroom tyrosinase) and ex vivo (against B16 melanoma cell tyrosinase) models. Cellular tyrosinase activity was decreased by AN-SLP treatment in B 16 melanoma cells through dose dependent manner, but AN-SLP did not inhibit mushroom tyrosinase and L-DOPA oxidation directly. AN-SLP showed melanin inhibition by 53.2% at 50 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ which was 0.7 times more efficient than the antimelanogenic effect of commercial arbutin and kojic acid (36.5%) also did not show cell toxicity. Additionally, AN-SLP inhibited the activity of ${\alpha}$-glucosidase and the glycosylation of tyrosinase in melanoma cell. The resulting unsaturated glycosylation of tyrosinase makes it unstable and disturb correct transportation. From theses results, we conclude that AN-SLP could be used as anti-melanogenic agent for skin whitening.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.519-523
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• 2017

We investigated the applications of functional materials through the examination of a variety of physiological activities of Ipomoea aquatica extract. I. aquatica extract showed low cytotoxicity against murine melanoma B16F10 cells. At concentrations that exerted little or no cytotoxicity to the cells, I. aquatica extract showed high DPPH radical scavenging activity ($ID_{50}$, $7.84{\mu}g/mL$), inhibited tyrosinase activity ($ID_{50}$, $106.56{\mu}g/mL$), and decreased melanin content ($ID_{50}$, $41.75{\mu}g/mL$). The treatment of B16F10 cells with I. aquatica extract suppressed the protein expression of tyrosinase in a dose-dependent manner. These findings suggested that I. aquatica extract inhibited melanin synthesis in murine melanoma B16F10 cells through the suppression of intracellular tyrosinase expression, as well as the simultaneous direct inhibition of tyrosinase activity. Additionally, I. aquatica extract promoted the expression of involucrin, which is related to skin barrier protection. These results indicate that I. aquatica extract may be an appropriate material for the improvement of skin barrier function.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.56-60
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• 2011

This study investigates the effect of Salicornia bigelovii extract on the activities of antioxidant, anti-wrinkle and whitening. Among amino acids, the glutamic acid concentration was the highest with an order of proline > alanine > $\gamma$-amino-n-butyric acid > arginine. The total polyphenol concentration and antioxidant activity were an order of ethyl acetate extract > n-butanol extract > hexane extract > hot water extract > ethanol extract. Especially, when ethylacetate was used as extractant, the total polyphenol concentration and antioxidant activity were 31.6 mg/mL and 82.6%, respectively. The inhibition activity of tyrosinase was increased with the increase concentration of ethylacetate extract. Especially, when the extract concentration was increased from 20 to 100 mg/mL, it was raised from 15.2 to 98.2%. In the case of inhibition activities of elastase, and collagenase, they were also increased with the increase concentration of ethylacetate extract. When the extract concentrations were increased from 20 to 100 ug/mL, they were enhanced from 2.9 to 32.5% and from 3.8 to 29.7%, respectively. The results show that the ethyl acetate extract of Salicornia bigelovii can be applied as sources for functional cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.798-802
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• 2005

Crude extracts of thirty seaweeds collected in Korea were obtained using 50% ethanol, and total phenolic contents and antioxidant activities were compared. Two brown algae, Ecklonia cava (E. cava) and Sargassum siliquastrum (S. siliquastrum), showing high antioxidant activity based on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and superoxide anion radical scavenging activity were further investigated for their inhibitory effects on tyrosinase activity. The E. cava extract had the highest total phenolic content among the seaweeds extracts. Total phenolic contents were strongly correlated with antioxidant activity in the thirty seaweed extracts ($R^2\;=\;0.9169$). The E. cava and S. siliquastrum extracts exhibited higher inhibition to tyrosinase activity than butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG).

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.3-10
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• 2008

This study was conducted to gather basic data on the physiological activities of flower extracts from 4 cultivars of white lotus to promote the increase of public consumption. Four cultivars of white lotus: c.v. 'Garam', 'Choeue', 'Baekhwageonryeon', and 'Seungdal' were harvested on 14, August, 2007, and the physiological activities of flower extracts obtained by hot water extraction and ethanol extraction were examined. Total phenol content was highest in the 'Garam' flower hot water extracts, $144.2{\mu}g{\cdot}mL^{-1}$, and lowest in the 'Seungdal' flower ethanol extracts, $63.4{\mu}g{\cdot}mL^{-1}$. DPPH radical scavenging activity was highest at 2,000ppm flower extract of 'Garam' obtained by hot water extraction and ethanol extraction of 90.9% and 83.0%, respectively. Total flavonoid content in the flower extracts of 'Garam' obtained by hot water extraction and ethanol extraction showed the highest levels at $34.1{\mu}g{\cdot}mL^{-1}\;and\;33.9^{\mu}g{\cdot}mL^{-1}$, respectively. Nitrite scavenging activity at 1,000ppm flower extract was highest in 'Garam'. Extracts obtain by hot water and ethanol showed 91.3% and 80.4% activity, respectively. No significant difference in tyrosinase inhibition activity was observed among the cultivars or as a result of extraction method. Overall anti-microbial activity of the flower extracts was slightly higher in 'Garam' than in the other cultivars.