• 대한안전경영과학회지
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.39-45
• /
• 2013

Occupational injury rate of Korea recently slides slightly downward after stagnating around 0.7%'s for more than 10 years. To accelerate this trend, injury prevention for small enterprises is crucially important because vast majority of injuries take place in small enterprises. Considering huge number of small enterprises, we need to focus our efforts to type of riskier industries. By analysing detailed injury data, we select type of industries which need our concentrated prevention efforts. Several preventive measures are recommended, after we made literature survey of case studies for small enterprises. The result identifies riskier type of industries including transportation machinery manufacturing industry type(B), woods & veneer manufacturing industry, etc. Safety of machinery, new enterprises less than 2 years in service and new employees serving less than 6 months are in need for focused prevention efforts. To cope with these vulnerable spots, recommended preventive measures include strengthening of machinery safety standards, early assistance for safety to new enterprises, mandatory safety education before employment, etc.

• 대한정형외과스포츠의학회지
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.89-96
• /
• 2002

목적 : 슬관절의외상후자기공명영상에서관찰되는잠재성골병변과동반손상과의관계를손상에너지의정도에따라알아보고자하였다. 대상및방법 : 슬관절의외상을받은50예의환자들을대상으로2군으로나누었으며교통사고등고에너지손상을받은제I군은13예, 스포츠손상등저에너지손상을받은제II군은37예였다. 골병변은Costa-Paz의분류상제1,2,3형으로구분하였으며, 위치에따라대퇴골/경골, 내과/외과, 전/중/후로나누어동반손상과의관계를분석하였다. 결과 : 제 I군에서는슬관절내의병변의위치분포는호발부위없이고른분포를보였고전방십자인대손상과골병변만이존재하는경우가각각38$\%$씩으로나타났고, 제1형(52.6$\%$)이가장흔한형태였다. 제 II군에서는대퇴골외과의중간부위와경골외과의후방부위에호발하였으며, 전방십자인대손상이56.8$\%$, 다음으로는내측반월상연골이24.3$\%$로나타나차이를보였으며, 제2형(48$\%$), 제1형( 42$\%$)의순으로나타났다. 결론 : 고 에너지 손상에서는 골 병변의 위치는슬관절에 가해진 손상 방향에 따라분포가 다양하였고, 저 에너지 손상에서는 특정 부위에호발되는경향을보여 스포츠손상등 저 에너지손상에서는손상기전에따른동반손상과 골병변의위치가관련이있음을짐작케하나좀더많은증례로분석이필요할것으로사료된다.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.57-62
• /
• 2010

Purpose: This study analyzed the characteristics of stable pelvic bone fractures with intra-abdominal solid organ injury. Methods: Medical records were retrospectively reviewed from January 2000 to December 2009 of patients with stable pelvic bone fractures. A stable pelvic bone fracture according to Young's classification is defined as a lateral compression type I and antero-posterior compression type I. Subjects were divided into two groups, one with (injured group) and one without (non-injured group) intra-abdominal solid organ injury, to evaluate the dependences of the characteristics on the presence of an intra-abdominal solid organ injury. Data including demographics, mechanism of injury, initial hemodynamic status, laboratory results, Revised Trauma Score (RTS), Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS), Injury Severity Score (ISS), amount of transfusion, admission to intensive care unit (ICU), and mortality were analyzed. Results: The subjects were 128 patients with a mean age of 42 years old, of whom were 67 male patients (52.3%). The injured group had 21 patients(16.4%), and the most frequent injured solid organ was the liver. Traffic accident was the most common mechanism of injury and lateral compression was the most common type of fracture in all groups. Initial systolic blood pressure was lower in the injured group, and the ISS was greater in the injured group. Arterial pH was lower in the injured group, and shock within 24 hours after arrival at the emergency department was more frequent in the injured group. Transfused packed red blood cells within 24 hours were 8 patients(38.1%) in the injured group and 11 patients(10.3%) in the non-injured group. Conservative treatment was the most common therapeutic modality in all groups. Stay in the ICU was longer in the injured group, and three mortalities occurred. Conclusion: There is a need to decide on a diagnostic and therapeutic plan regarding the possibility of intra-abdominal solid organ injury for hemodynamically unstable patients with stable pelvic bone fractures and for patients with stable pelvic bone fractures along with multiple associated injuries.

• Genomics & Informatics
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.8.1-8.10
• /
• 2019

Alveolar type II cells constitute a small fraction of the total lung cell mass. However, they play an important role in many cellular processes including trans-differentiation into type I cells as well as repair of lung injury in response to toxic chemicals and respiratory pathogens. Transcription factors are the regulatory proteins dynamically modulating DNA structure and gene expression. Transcription factor profiling in microarray datasets revealed that several members of AP1, ATF, $NF-{\kappa}B$, and C/EBP families involved in diverse responses were expressed in mouse lung type II cells. A transcriptional factor signature consisting of Cebpa, Srebf1, Stat3, Klf5, and Elf3 was identified in lung type II cells, Sox9+ pluripotent lung stem cells as well as in mouse lung development. Identification of the transcription factor profile in mouse lung type II cells will serve as a useful resource and facilitate the integrated analysis of signal transduction pathways and specific gene targets in a variety of physiological conditions.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.282-286
• /
• 2022

Complete cricotracheal separation, which is the most severe type of laryngeal trauma, is an uncommonly seen injury that clinicians have limited experience in managing. However, it is potentially fatal. Due to limited exposure to this condition, mismanagement can occur, which may further aggravate the patient's condition. The most crucial part of managing this injury is to establish a secure airway. Tracheostomy under local anesthesia is the preferred method of airway stabilization, in order to avoid further injuries to the airway caused by endotracheal intubation. Here, we discuss the management of complete cricotracheal separation based on a case experienced in the east coast region of Malaysia, where this type of injury is rarely encountered.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.71-79
• /
• 2015

우리나라에서는 손상 질환에 대한 발생률 및 인구사회학적 특성에 관한 연구는 찾기 어려운 실정이어서 본 연구는 한국의료패널(2008)의 설문조사 자료와 사회 경제적비용을 추계하여 분석하였다. 특히, 사고 손상 중독 유형별 사회적 비용과 의료이용 형태에 따른 사회적 비용을 추계하였다. 향후, 손상 발생률 감소와 의료비 감소를 위한 연령, 교육, 경제소득. 사고 발생장소 등에 맞는 구체적인 예방프로그램을 개발하고 또한 지속적인 손상예방 교육이 필요하고, 우리나라 손상의 사회경제적비용을 줄이기 위한 건강보험의 효율적 운영과 개인의 참여와 사회적, 국가적 노력이 필요하다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.254-266
• /
• 2013

Purpose: This study examined the characteristics of in-home injuries of children in low-income families and sought to identify the factors affecting parental in-home injury prevention practices. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey design was applied, using questionnaires on in-home injury characteristics in children, parental in-home injury prevention practices, parental perceptions and knowledge on childhood injuries, and the Parental Stress Index. We queried 169 parents of children less than 5years of age who were enrolled in Nutrition Plus Projects at community health centers. Results: Overall, 92.7% of children had experienced in-home injuries, with sliding crashes and bumping injuries as the most frequent type of injury. The recovery rate with a scar after injury was 26.3%. Parental practices for in-home injury prevention were higher according parental age, educational status, and previous learning experiences regarding in-home safety and injury prevention. The two most significant factors affecting parental in-home injury prevention practices were age and parental perception of childhood injuries as being controllable and preventable. Conclusions: Considering the high risk of in-home childhood injuries in low-income families, safety education and the promotion of injury prevention practices for parents are recommended. The strategy to enhance the parental perception on preventing childhood injuries needs to be addressed.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.161-168
• /
• 2019

Most athletes with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures undergo a surgical ACL reconstruction (ACLR) and rehabilitation. On the other hand, controversy still exists because neither a reconstruction nor rehabilitation have been proven to be superior in the management of ACL injury. This study reviewed the success rates of interventions to provide recommendations for the optimal management after an ACL injury. One of the most important considerations after an ACL injury is the timing and type of intervention. At the early stages, which involve the loss of volume and strength of quadriceps femoral muscle, weight bearing (closed kinetic chain) exercises with pain management followed by high velocity resistance exercises in an open kinetic chain environment are recommended to improve the quadriceps function. After that, it is important to apply intensive isokinetic exercise with a lower extension rate. In this case, it is important to apply overload to the muscles and to simultaneously lead the co-contraction of the hamstrings. Standards are essential because the timing and type of interventions are crucial to prevent re-injury and complications, such as osteoarthritis, as well as to confirm the successful outcome of the treatment. Different interventions recommended for ACL damage have yet to reach consensus. Further studies will be needed to observe the effects of the intervention through multidisciplinary approaches.

• 대한한의학회지
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.156-161
• /
• 2006

Object : Warming acupuncture (WA) has been used in Oriental Medicine for the treatment of physical disabilities caused by ligament damage. Here, the effects of WA on injured ligament tissues were investigated using the rat model. Methods : The rats were induced injury on the right hind ankle, and 4 weeks later, WA was given onto the acupoint GB4O(Quixu) of the injury area on a weekly basis for 6 weeks. Main outcome was measured by levels of Erk1/2. Hoechst nuclear staining and collagen staining in the ligament tissue. Result : Levels of active form of Erk1/2 kinase were increased in the injured ligament with WA compared with the control ligament induced injury only, and this change correlated with cell number increases in the ligament by WA. Type III, but not type I, collagen mRNA and protein levels were elevated in the injured ligament treated with WA. Moreover, histological staining showed increased re-organization of collagen fibers in the ligament by WA. Conclusions : The present data suggest that WA performance to the injured ligament may facilitate the healing process via increasing cellular activity.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.201-203
• /
• 2016

Rectal injury is seen in 1-2% of all pelvic fractures, and lower urinary tract injury occurs in up to 7%. These injuries are rare, but if missed, can lead to a severe septic response. Rectal injury may be suspected by the presence of gross blood on digital rectal examination. However, this classic sign is not always present on physical examination. If an Antero-Posterior Compression type pelvic fracture is seen, we should consider the possibility of rectal and lower urinary tract injury. It is important to define the anatomic location of the rectal injury as it relates to the peritoneal reflection. Trauma to the intraperitoneal rectum should be managed as a colonic injury. Extraperitoneal rectal injury should be managed with fecal diversion regardless of primary repair. We present the case of a 46-year-old man who was referred to our hospital following a major trauma to the pelvis in a pedestrian accident.