• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.558-563
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• 2014

Sum-frequency generation spectra of a Langmuir monolayer on water surface at varying surface areas were studied with two-dimensional correlation analysis. Upon enlarging the area/molecule of the Langmuir monolayer, the sum-frequency spectra changed reflecting the conformation change of the alkyl chains of the molecules in the monolayer. These changes stood out more clearly by employing two-dimensional correlation analysis of the above sum-frequency spectra. Features not very pronounced in the original spectra such as closely-spaced spectral bands can also be easily distinguished in the two-dimensional correlation spectra.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.127-140
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• 1999

In order to apply three-dimensional images to industries, the possibility of realizing three-dimensional images should be ensured and when operating a task using three-dimensional images, the intention of the observer and the result of operation should be precisely related. The aim of this paper is to investigate the task performance of a human operator during operating a robot manipulator using three-dimensional and two-dimensional image displays. From the result of this research, it was found that the accuracy of robot operation in the case of using three-dimensional displays is much higher than in the case of using two-dimensional displays and the adapting time to the operating task using three-dimensional displays is shorter than that using two-dimensional displays. From such results, we concluded that the application of three-dimensional displays, which can closely reflect real environment, to industries is desirable.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.35-44
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• 2020

연약지반 개량 공법 중 심층혼합공법에 대한 설계 기법으로는 복합지반으로 해석하는 방법과 말뚝지반으로 해석하는 방법이 있다. 그러나 이러한 해석에 대한 비교 연구는 부족한 실정으로 설계 시 해석 기준을 명확하게 정의 내리는 것에 어려움이 있다. 본 연구에서는 2차원 및 3차원 해석을 통해 성토 높이와 연약지반의 심도, 보강구간의 치환율을 변화시키며 각 조건별로 복합지반과 말뚝지반을 가정하여 해석하였다. 그 결과 최저 개량 심도는 3차원 해석에 비해 2차원 해석 결과가 6.85~9.08% 더 깊은 결과를 도출하였다. 또한 말뚝지반 해석의 경우 복합지반 해석에 비해 개량 심도는 12.22~14.45% 더 깊은 것을 확인하였다. 이 결과를 통하여 보다 정확한 설계를 위해서는 2차원 해석보다는 3차원 해석을 실시해야 하고, 경제적인 설계를 위해서는 복합지반으로 해석해야 하며, 안정적인 설계를 위해서는 말뚝지반 해석을 실시해야 된다고 판단된다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.115-121
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• 2005

Micromachines are extremely novel artifacts with a variety of special characteristics. Utilizing their tiny dimensions ranging roughly from 10 to $10^3$ micro-meters, the micromachines can perform tasks in a revolutionary manner that would be impossible for conventional artifacts. Micromachines are in general related to various coupled physical phenomena. They are required to be evaluated and designed considering the coupled phenomena. This paper describes finite element analysis (FEA) simulation of practical behaviors for the micro actuator. Especially, electric field modeling in micro actuators has been generally restricted to in-plane two-dimensional finite element analysis because of the complexity of the micro actuator geometry. However, in this paper, the actual three-dimensional geometry of the micro actuator is considered. The starting torque obtained from the in-plane two-dimensional analytical solutions were compared with that of the actual three-dimensional FE analysis results. The starting torque is proportional to $V^2$, and that the two-dimensional analytical solutions are larger than the three- dimensional FE ones. It is found that the evaluation of micro actuator has to be considered electrical leakage phenomenon.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.385-390
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• 2008

For taking account of the two-dimensional magnetic properties of a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, the effective anisotropic tensor reluctivity is examined, and a computationally efficient algorithm is suggested by using the response surface method to model the two-dimensional magnetic properties. It is shown that the reconstructed two-dimensional magnetic properties are fairly effective to stabilize the convergence characteristics of the Newton-Raphson iteration in the nonlinear magnetic field analysis.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.668-676
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• 2000

A two-dimensional model for pulse tubes with tapered cross-section was proposed. Net enthalpy flow and steady mass streaming were investigated by two-dimensional analysis of mass, momentum and energy equations of the gas as well as energy conservation of the tube wall. Steady mass flux profiles show good agreement with the previous approximate solution. It was shown that steady mass streaming can be reduced by tapering a pulse tube and by increasing the length of a pulse tube. Effects of the velocity phase angle and frequency on steady mass streaming were shown.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제5권5호
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• pp.837-840
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• 1995

Finite element analysis using two dimensional magnetic permeabillity tensor that can represents phase lag between magnetic field intensity and flux density under rotational flux is examined. Considered problem is confined to two dimensional magnetostatic case. And we applied proposed method to calculate the core loss of the test model and compare the result with that of experiment.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.613-624
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• 2013

Multi-dimensional two-phase phenomena occur in many industrial applications, particularly in a nuclear reactor during steady operation or a transient period. Appropriate modeling of complicated behavior induced by a multi-dimensional flow is important for the reactor safety analysis results. SPACE, a safety analysis code for thermal hydraulic systems which is currently being developed, was designed to have the capacity of multi-dimensional two-phase thermo-dynamic phenomena induced in the various phases of a nuclear system. To validate the performance of SPACE, a two-dimensional two-phase flow test was performed with slab geometry of the test section having a scale of $1.43m{\times}1.43m{\times}0.11m$. The test section has three inlet and three outlet nozzles on the bottom and top gap walls, respectively, and two outlet nozzles installed directly on the surface of the slab. Various kinds of two-dimensional air/water flows were simulated by selecting combinations of the inlet and outlet nozzles. In this study, two-dimensional two-phase void fraction profiles were quantified by measuring the local gap impedance at 225 points. The flow conditions cover various flow regimes by controlling the flow rate at the inlet boundary. For each selected inlet and outlet nozzle combination, the water flow rate ranged from 2 to 20 kg/s, and the air flow rate ranged from 2.0 to 20 g/s, which corresponds to 0.4 to 4 m/s and 0.2 to 2.3 m/s of the superficial liquid and gas velocities based on the inlet port area, respectively.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.72-78
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• 1996

본 논문에서는 2차원 양방향 포물선 방정식 법과 푸리에 변환을 이용하여 3차원 굴절현상 및 3차원 후방 산란파를 포함하는 $2\frac12$차원 문제를 푸는 방법에 대해 다루었다. 여기서 $2\frac12$ 차원 문제란 2차원적 해양환경 하에 3차원적 음원이 존재할 경우를 의미한다. 2차원 양방향 포물선 방정식법은 수치기법으로 깊이 방향과 수평거리 방향에 대해 각각 Galerkin법과 Crank-Nicolson법을 사용하며 수직 불연속 경계면에 의한 후방 산란파를 포함한 수평거리 의존 문제에 대해 유용한 해를 제공한다. 2차원 해양환경에서는 파수 k가 종 또는 횡 수평거리 방향과 깊이 방향에 대한 함수이므로 3차원 Helmholtz방정식 법을 이용해 스펙트럴 해를 구하여 다시 푸리에 역변환하면 최종 해를 구할 수 있다. 본 연구방법의 정확성을 시험하기 위해서 계단형 해저면을 갖는 간단한 해양환경에서 계산을 수행해 보았으며 대한해협의 특정지역에서의 3차원적 음파전달 특성을 살펴보았다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 1995

Clinically, proximal bone resorption in the femur is frequently seen postoperatively on the follow up XI-rays after total hip replacement (THR). We developed the finite element model of cementless THR. The model is two dimensional side plate model, whereby the three dimensional structural integrity of the bone can be accounted for by a separate two dimensional mesh, a side plate. The subject of this article is the development and application of this two dimensional side plate FEM to study the reverse effect of the various degree of bone resorption of femur after THR. The results of this study indicates that 1) two dimensional side plate model is good and simple alternative to complex three dimensional model and 2) the severity of the proximal bone resorption has the effect of more increasing stress on the cortex at the level of femoral stem tip.