• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 및 기술 세미나 논문집 디스플레이 광소자
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• pp.44-44
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• 2008

To date, rubbing has been widely used to align LC molecules uniformly. Although rubbing can be simple, it has fundamental problems such as the generation of defects by dust and static electricity, and difficulty in achieving a uniform LC alignment on a large substrate. Therefore, non contact alignment has been investigated. Ion beam induced alignment method, which provides controllability, nonstop process, and high resolution display. In this study, we investigated liquid crystal (LC) alignment with ion beam (IB) that non contact alignment technique on polyimide and electro-optical characteristics of twisted nematic (TN)-liquid crystal display (LCD) on the polyimide under various ion beam angles. In this experiment, Polyimide layer was coated on glass by spin-coating and Voltage-transmittance(VT) and response time characteristics of the TN cell were measured by a LCD evaluation system. The good characteristics of the nematic liquid crystal (NLC) alignment with the ion beam exposure polyimide surface was observed. The tilt angle of NLC on the PI surface with ion beam exposure can be measured under $1^{\circ}$ for all of irradiation angles. In addition, it can be achieved the good EO properties, and residual DC property of the ion beam aligned TN cell on polyimide surface.

• ALGAE
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.55-68
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• 2018

Foliose species of the Bangiaceae (Porphyra s. l.) are very important in Korean fisheries, and their taxonomy and ecophysiology have received much attention because of the potential for developing or improving aquaculture techniques. Although 20 species of foliose Bangiales have been listed from the Korean coast, some of them remain uncertain and need further comparative morphological studies with molecular comparison. In this study, we confirm the distribution of four Pyropia species from the east coast of Korea, Pyropia kinositae, P. moriensis, P. onoi, and P. retorta sp. nov., based on morphology and rbcL sequence data. Although P. onoi was listed in North Korea in old floral works, its occurrence on the east coast of South Korea is first revealed in this study based on molecular data. P. kinositae and P. moriensis, which were originally described from Hokkaido, Japan, are first reported on the east coast of Korea in this study. Pyropia retorta sp. nov. and P. yezonesis share a similar thallus color and narrow spermatangial patches in the upper portion of the frond, and they have a sympatric distribution. However, P. retorta can be distinguished by the curled or twisted thalli and by molecular data. The biogeographic pattern of the two native species, P. kinositae and P. retorta, suggests that the east coast of Korea may have been a place of refugia during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), and then recolonized to the northern part of Japan through the restored East Korean Warm Current after the LGM.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.90-99
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• 2004

고도 정보화 사회의 발달과 함께 정보통신 설비는 빠른 전송속도를 필요로 하며, 지능형 산업설비와 행정, 금융, 교통시스템과 같은 사회시스템은 집적회로와 초소형 반도체로 구성되므로 원격감시, 조작에 의해 점차적으로 자동화 되어가고 있다. 이와 같은 현대의 초소형 전자회로는 뇌 서지에 의해 흔히 손상을 입을 수 있으며, 뇌 과전압으로부터 전자회로의 보호에 관심이 집중되고 있다. 본 논문은 일반주택에서 뇌 서지로부터 초소형 컴퓨터와 같은 전자기기의 효과적인 보호방법을 제안하기 위하여 전원계통의 접지방식에 따른 서지보호기의 보호효과를 실험적으로 분석하였다. 또한 서지보호기의 효과적인 설치방법을 조사하고 제안하였다. 기존의 설비에 추가적으로 서지보호기를 설치하는 것은 서지보호기까지의 긴 접속선으로 인한 인덕턴스 때문에 높은 잔류전압이 나타난다. 서지보호기의 설치에 있어 두 접속선을 꼬는 방법이 급격하게 상승하는 과도과전압에 매우 효과적이다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘텐츠학회 2007년도 추계 종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.680-684
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• 2007

예술로만 인식되었던 뮤지컬은 소득의 증가와 웰빙 소비 문화의 확산에 힘입어 이제 대중문화산업의 뉴 트렌드로 확실하게 자리 잡아가고 있다. 본 연구는 문화콘텐츠의 원소스멀티유즈 측면에서 TV로 방영할 당시 애니메이션 사상 최고의 시청률을 기록한 원작 콘텐츠인 <날아라슈퍼보드>가 뮤지컬로 어떻게 제작되었는가를 살펴보고자 하며, 이것을 다시 어린이 공개방송으로 개발하여 부가가치를 창출하고자 하는 멀티 유즈 전략을 통해 만화, 애니메이션의 원작 콘텐츠를 활용하여 공연예술 콘텐츠를 기획하고자하는 사람들에게 원소스멀티유즈의 개발모델을 제시하고자 한다. 즉, 애니메이션의 뮤지컬화를 위해 그 제작의 전 과정에 있어서 원작의 캐릭터 특성과 이야기 구조 등을 뮤지컬 혹은 공연예술이라는 큰 범주 안에서 재편성하는 시나리오 각색 작업과 무대미술을 위한 디지털 영상의 기술적 활용 방안, 의상과 연출, 마케팅과 상품개발 방안에 이르기까지 실제 작품제작을 통해 원소스멀티유즈의 개발방안을 제시하고자 한다.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.1109-1126
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• 2013

Let $\mathbb{M}^3_q(c)$ denote the 3-dimensional space form of index $q=0,1$, and constant curvature $c{\neq}0$. A curve ${\alpha}$ immersed in $\mathbb{M}^3_q(c)$ is said to be a Bertrand curve if there exists another curve ${\beta}$ and a one-to-one correspondence between ${\alpha}$ and ${\beta}$ such that both curves have common principal normal geodesics at corresponding points. We obtain characterizations for both the cases of non-null curves and null curves. For non-null curves our theorem formally agrees with the classical one: non-null Bertrand curves in $\mathbb{M}^3_q(c)$ correspond with curves for which there exist two constants ${\lambda}{\neq}0$ and ${\mu}$ such that ${\lambda}{\kappa}+{\mu}{\tau}=1$, where ${\kappa}$ and ${\tau}$ stand for the curvature and torsion of the curve. As a consequence, non-null helices in $\mathbb{M}^3_q(c)$ are the only twisted curves in $\mathbb{M}^3_q(c)$ having infinite non-null Bertrand conjugate curves. In the case of null curves in the 3-dimensional Lorentzian space forms, we show that a null curve is a Bertrand curve if and only if it has non-zero constant second Frenet curvature. In the particular case where null curves are parametrized by the pseudo-arc length parameter, null helices are the only null Bertrand curves.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제7권8호
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• pp.125-133
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• 2007

현대에 등장한 영화들은 발전된 기술력으로 인해 스펙터클한 화면을 관객에게 선사하는 한편, 들뢰즈에 의해 이른바 '현대 영화'라고 불린 영화들은 고전적 내러티브에서 형식의 한 측면으로 여겨져 다소 소외되어 왔던 '시간'에 관한 통찰과 비틀기를 통해 다양한 영화적 경험과 사유할 수 있는 기회를 제공한다. 그러나 애초에 사유의 결과물로 시도된 영화 속 시간성의 표현은 이후 끊임없는 자가복제를 거쳐 상투적으로 변모한지 오래다. '첫사랑의 기억'이라는 모티브를 가진 멜로영화 <사랑니>에서의 시간성 표현은 기존 영화들과 비교했을 때 독보적인 지점이 발견된다. 관습적인 시간성 표현의 원칙들을 답습하는 대신 혼란스런 시간 배열 속으로 관객을 인도한 후 결국 스토리가 전달하고자 하는 내용을 효과적으로 발현시킨다. 본고는 <사랑니>의 시간성 표현이 영화의 내러티브에 어떻게 작용하며 결과적으로 그러한 형식이 스토리를 전달하는 데 미치는 효과를 살펴보았다.

• 한국고분자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국고분자학회 2006년도 IUPAC International Symposium on Advanced Polymers for Emerging Technologies
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• pp.239-239
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• 2006

In the present study, we synthesized CBDA-FDA and its analogue, poly(4,4' -(9,9-fluorenyl)diphenylene pyromellitimide) (PMDA-FDA), and then investigated quantitatively the orientational distributions of the polymer chain segments in the surfaces of their films by using linearly polarized Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and optical retardation analysis. We also examined the films' surface topographies using high spatial resolution atomic force microscopy (AFM). Further, rubbed films were used to assemble antiparallel and $90^{\circ}-twisted$ nematic (TN) LC cells, and the alignment behaviors, pretilt angles and anchoring energies of the LC molecules in the cells were determined. The films were found to have very interesting surface morphologies and LC alignment behaviors, which have not previously been reported. The observed LC alignments, pretilt angles and anchoring energies are discussed by taking into account the interactions of the LC molecules with the oriented polymer chain segments and the surface morphologies.

• 한국결정학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.7-12
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• 1991

C13H18N2O3(Mr=250.29)는 단사정계의 P211a의 공간군을 갖고 있으며 a=8.765(4), b=17.679 (3), c=9.238(4)A, p=105.6(3)A, z=4, V= 1378.53A3, A(Mo Ka)=0.71069A, 1:0. 81cm-1, F(000)=536, T=298 이며 1.0 σ(I)보다 큰 강도를 가진 1783개의 회절반점에 대하여 최종 R값은 0.080이다. 직접법에 의하여 구조를 풀었으며 C-H 결합길이와 메칠기는 길이를 고정시켜 이 상적인 기하학적 구조에 맞추어 계단식 대각최소자 승법에 의하여 정밀화하였다 두 에토오키시기중의 하나는 다른 기에 비해 100°나 더 기울어져있다. 결정격자내에 한개의 N-H‥‥0(2.798A) 수소결합이 있어 두 분자를 연결하면서 b-축에 따라 쌓여져 있다.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제23권8호
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• pp.501-506
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• 2014

Progressive shearing with blanking dies is commonly employed to produce large quantities of tiny sheet metal electronic parts. Sheet metal pins, which are narrow and long, that are sheared with a progressive die set are often twisted. The twist in the sheet metal pins, which usually occurs in the final shearing operation, generally decreases with increasing blank holding force. The blank holding forces in all shearing operations are not the same because of different shearing positions and areas. In the current study, the optimal layout of the springs in a progressive die set to minimize the twist of the sheet metal pin is proposed. In order to find the holding force acting on the tiny narrow blanks produced with the proposed springs during the shearing process, the equivalent area method is used in the structural analysis. The shearing of the sheet-metal pin was simulated to compute the twist angle associated with the blank holding force. The constraint condition satisfying the pre-set blank holding force from the previous shearing operations was imposed. A design of experiments (DOE) was numerically implemented by analyzing the progressive die structure and by simulating the shearing process. From the meta-model created from the experimental results and by using a quadratic response surface method (PQRSM), the optimal layout of the springs was determined. The twist of sheet metal pin associated with the optimal layout of the springs found in the current study was compared with that of an existing progressive die to obtain a minimal amount of twist.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.107-112
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• 2018

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the properties of fiber-reinforced composite and stainless steel twisted retainers for orthodontic retention. Methods: Three different span lengths (5.0, 8.0, and 14.0 mm) of fiber-reinforced composite were investigated. The three fiber-reinforced composite retainer groups were subdivided according to the storage condition (dry and wet), resulting in a total of six groups. Each stainless steel and fiber-reinforced composite group was comprised of six specimens. The three-point bending flexural test was conducted using a universal testing machine. ANOVA was used to assess differences in the maximum load and maximum stress according to the span length, material, and storage condition. Post-hoc comparisons were performed if necessary. Results: The maximum stress and maximum load were significantly (p < 0.001) associated with the span length, material, and storage condition. The significant interaction between the material and span length (p < 0.001) indicated the differential effects of the material for each span length on the maximum stress and maximum load, with the difference between materials being the highest for the maximum span length. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that fiber-reinforced composite retainers may be an effective alternative for orthodontic retention in patients with esthetic concerns or allergy to conventional stainless steel wires.