• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.763-770
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• 2000

In tunnel ventilation, the Purpose of ventilation control is to keep the required pollution level with minimum consumption of energy But tunnel ventilation has large disturbances caused by discharge of pollutants, traffic forces especially strong for longitudinal ventilation. Hence in this paper, the tunnel ventilation control logic applying fuzzy control theories is proposed and the simulation program of tunnel ventilation control is developed. The characteristics of longitudinal ventilation with jet fans are estimated and the effect of the proposed tunnel ventilation control is verified by the simulation program.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.838-844
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• 2004

In a long road tunnel, a tunnel ventilation system may be used in order to reduce the pollution below the required level. To develop control algorithms for a tunnel ventilation system, a dynamic simulation program may be used to predict the pollution level in a tunnel. Research was carried out to develop better pollution models for a tunnel ventilation control system. A neural network structure was adopted and compared by using actual poilution data. Simulation results showed that the dynamic model developed by a neural network may be effective for the development of tunnel ventilation control algorithms.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.147-155
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• 2005

For a long road tunnel, a tunnel ventilation system may be used in order to reduce the pollution level below the required level. To control the tunnel pollution level, a closed loop control algorithm may be used. The cascade control algorithm, which composed of a jet fan control algorithm and an air velocity setpoint algorithm, was developed to regulate the CO level in a tunnel. The verification of control algorithms was carried out by dynamic models developed from real tunnel data sets. The simulation results showed that control algorithms developed for this study were effective to control the tunnel ventilation system.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.1035-1043
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• 2004

For a long road tunnel, a tunnel ventilation system may be used in order to reduce the pollution level below the required level. To control the tunnel pollution level, a closed loop control algorithm may be used. The feedforward prediction algorithm and the cascade control algorithm were developed to regulate the CO level in a tunnel. The feedforward prediction algorithm composed of the traffic estimation algorithm and the CO density prediction algorithm, and the cascade control algorithm composed of the jet fan control algorithm and the air velocity setpoint algorithm. The verification of control algorithms was carried out by dynamic models developed from the actual tunnel data. The simulation results showed that control algorithms developed for this study were effective for the control of the tunnel ventilation system.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.207-212
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• 2005

In designing a ventilation system of a road tunnel, a possibility of using the system as a smoke control system in case of a tunnel fire has to be considered. In the present study, a numerical simulation on ventilation system is performed considering jet fan operations and moving traffic. A fire-mode operation by reversing some fan operations in case of a tunnel fire is also simulated. The results show that ventilation operation can control the pollutants effectively, and fire-mode operation can control smoke and temperature effectively to prevent a disaster.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.08a
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• pp.575-578
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• 2006

In designing smoke-control system of rescue station in train tunnel, a purpose is to prevent a disaster by proposing the jet fan operation together with smoke-control curtain in tunnel fire. This study has investigated the relationship of the Heat Release Rate(HRR) and a adequate ventilation velocity to control the fire propagation in tunnel fire, and has improved the effect of the smoke-control curtain on preventing the flow of pollutants. In this study, Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) simulations with ST AR-CD(ver 3.24) were carried out on predicting the fire spreading and the flow of pollutants, considering jet fan operations and effect of smoke-control curtain. Our simulation domain is the full scale model of the 'DAEGWALLYEONG' 1st tunnel. The results represent that ventilation operation can control the fire spreading and pollutants effectively to prevent a disaster.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.321-332
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• 2001

In this study, a design program for ventilation requirements of a longitudinal raod tunnel were developed and investigated. The control volume method was applied to calculate the local air velocity and the local concentration distribution of pollutants, CO, $NO_x$, soot along the tunnel for various tunnel ventilation system. This program was validated by comparing with the practical design data for the road tunnel ventilation system. The calculation results were in good agreement with the practical design data.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.2765-2770
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• 2008

The purpose of tunnel ventilation system for long road tunnels is to keep certain levels of Visibility Index and the concentration of CO. Additional equipments such as jet fans are used in road tunnel to discharge pollutants in the road tunnel. The control algorism of tunnel ventilation system takes the value of sensors as input, and then gives the operation method of jet fans in tunnel as output. Information on the variation of CO concentration in tunnel when jet fans are running is needed to minimize their operation time. Numerical analysis is used in this paper because of the difficulty of conducting experiments under standard condition for ventilation of road tunnel. The concentration of CO has been calculated by using 3-dimensional CFD under transient condition with speed of cars, quantity of air ventilation, and the results for various operation position of jet fans are compared.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.11 no.4 s.35
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• pp.20-25
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• 2006

In the present study, flow characteristics inside a road tunnel are simulated for the ventilation flows due to jet fan system and flows induces by the traffic. Traffic ventilation is numerically simulated by multiple reference frame. From the results of steady state simulation of tunnel ventilation, it is found that the proper ventilation is achieved by the designed jet fan system along with ventilating flow induced by the traffic. A transient simulation is also performed for the case of vehicle fire in the tunnel reversing the direction of rotation of some fans. The results suggest that the heat and smoke can be controlled by the proper changing of fan operation mode. The present results can be used to design proper ventilation system and effective smoke control system as well.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.60-70
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• 1999

In this study, the computer code for the optimal design of road tunnel ventilation system based on one-dimensional analysis of the air flow was developed. The control volume method was used to calculate the air velocities and the concentration distribution of pollutants(CO, NOx, Particulate) for various tunnel ventilation system. This code was validated by comparing the calculation results to the practical design data for the road tunnel ventilation system. The calculation results were in accord with the practical design data.