• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.257-272
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• 2016

TBM으로 터널 시공 중 막장면에서 갑작스럽게 문제가 발생하는 경우 공간적인 제한 때문에 NATM공법으로 시공되는 터널에 비해서 적절한 대처를 하기가 어렵다. TBM으로 터널 시공 중에 막장전방의 지반상태를 예측하는 것은 매우 중요하기 때문에 탄성파, 전자기파 등을 이용하여 TBM 면판 전방의 지반상태를 예측하는 연구 및 기술개발이 이루어졌다. 대부분의 TBM 현장에서는 공사기간 및 비용을 고려하여 1개의 막장전방 예측기법을 적용한다. 그러나 막장전방 예측기법의 종류에 따라서 탐사심도, 적용 가능한 지질조건, 예측할 수 있는 대상, 예측 정확도 등이 다르다. 복합적인 지질조건에 위치한 TBM 터널 시공 시에는 여러 가지 막장전방 예측기법을 적용하는 것이 막장 전방의 지질 조건을 정확하게 예측할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 여러 가지 막장전방 예측기법을 동시에 적용하였을 경우 각각의 기법으로부터 얻어진 지반상태는 다른 결과를 나타낼 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 각각의 막장전방 예측기법으로부터 얻어진 막장전방의 지반상태를 종합적으로 평가하기 위한 방법을 제안하였다. 확률론적 분석과 계층분석기법을 이용하여 막장전방의 지반 상태를 종합적으로 평가할 수 있는 통합 모델을 제시하였다. 또한 본 연구에서 제안한 모델을 가상의 지반에 적용하여, 종합적으로 지반 상태를 평가할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제23권9호
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• pp.6-16
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• 2009

최근 거리상의 이점에 의해 도심 터널에 보행로의 추가 설치가 늘어남에 따라 터널 내 환경이 문제가 되고 있다. 그러므로 본 연구는 도심 터널 보행로의 조도 및 불쾌글레어를 측정하여 실제 보행자가 느끼는 빛 환경에 대한 실태조사를 실시하였다. 조도와 불쾌글레어의 물리적인 측정은 동작구에 위치한 'S터널'을 대상으로 야간과 주간으로 구분하여 실시되었다. 또한 실제 보행자가 느끼는 주관적 반응을 알아보기 위해 밝기와 불쾌 글레어에 대한 설문조사를 실시하였다. 조사 결과, 보행자는 야간보다 주간에 보행로를 어둡게 느끼는 것으로 나타났으며, 불쾌글레어 지수는 야간의 경우 더 높게 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과는 서울시에서 실시하고 있는 '터널보행로 환경개선 사업'에 있어 조명환경 개선을 위한 기초자료로 사용될 수 있을 것이라 생각된다.

• 지질공학
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.265-273
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• 2006

터널 시공 시에 관찰되는 막장의 상태는 굴착예정 막장의 지질상태를 가장 잘 표현하며, 지보패턴의 결정에 큰 영향을 미치므로 막장지질조사는 매우 중요하다. 따라서 막장지질조사를 통해서 단순히 암반평가만을 수행하는 것이 아니라 터널 시공 중에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 모든 지질요소 등을 관찰하여 다음 시공 막장의 지반상태를 예측하여야 한다. 그러나 현재 막장지질조사 시 기술 및 경험, 시간적인 제약 등으로 인한 한계로 조사결과를 시공에 충분히 반영하지 못하는 것이 현실이다. 본 연구에서는 기 시공된 국내 터널의 막장관찰기록지의 기록상황을 집계하여 막장지질조사의 문제점을 분석하고 그 개선 방안을 제시하였다

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.57-76
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• 2023

Objectives This study aims to develop Korean Medicine Clinical Pathway (CP) based on Clinical Practice Guideline of carpal tunnel syndrome to improve quality of treatment and reduce medical cost to maximize the quality of patient management. Methods A draft version of CP for carpal tunnel syndrome is developed by expert agreement and a prospective case study was carried out based on the draft CP. Twenty experts working at various medical institution answered validity verification survey of developed CP. Fifteen patients enrolled in the prospective case study answered survey on demand and satisfaction. Qualification and adjustment process of the draft CP was conducted based on results of both surveys. Results Final version of CP for carpal tunnel syndrome is confirmed after qualification and adjustment on the draft version. Conclusions CP for carpal tunnel syndrome will provide patients with standardized, high-quality Korean medicine treatment and also reduce financial burden of health insurance by reducing medical cost.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.527-534
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• 1998

Excavation of underground openings changes stress distribution around the opening. The survey of this disturbed zone in excavation is very important to design and construct underground facilities, such as tunnel, gas and oil storage, power plant and disposal site of high- and low-level radioactive wastes. This paper presents a zoning of rock masses with tunnel excavation using PS logging. Compressional and shear wave velocities are measured in boreholes drilled in the tunnel wall, which was constructed with blasting and/or machine excavation. The disturbed zone in excavation can be estimated by comparing PS logging data with a tomographic image of compressional wave velocity and compressional and shear wave velocities of core samples. In the side wall of tunnel, the disturbed zone reaches 1.5 m and 1.0 m in thickness for blocks of blasting and machine excavations, respectively. In the roof of tunnel, however, the disturbed zone is 1.0 m and 0.75 m thick for the two blocks. These results show that the width of the disturbed zone is larger in the side wall of tunnel than in the roof, and 1.3 to 1.5 times larger for the blasting excavation than for the machine excavation.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2006년도 추계 학술발표회
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• pp.66-75
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• 2006

As construction for road tunnel is increasing, various geotechnical conditions can be faced during the construction stage. Especially, if the tunnel is located in limestone area, many kinds of site investigations such as in-situ boring, electrical resistance survey, TSP(Tunnel Seismic Prediction) and etc., are conducted before and during the construction. By conducting these preliminary tests, location, size, and filling materials in limestone cavities can be approximately estimated. Once some cavities which can be harmful for tunnel safety are predicted, methods for ground reinforcement and tunnel excavation, corresponding those ground conditions, have to be established and verified by measurement data and numerical analysis. If necessary, invert lining should be also considered. In this paper, by studying some cases of tunnels constructed in limestone area, predicted problems during construction and rational countermeasures for those are presented.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.251-263
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• 2011

대단면 터널의 안전한 시공을 달성하기 위해서는 굴착암반의 공학적 특성 및 단층 등과 같은 구조지질적인 특성에 대한 파악이 무엇보다 중요하다. 본 현장은 운모 편암내에 대규모 스러스트 단층이 존재하고 있어, 대단면 터널 굴착시 터널의 안정성에 매우 심각한 영향을 미치는 지질공학적 리스크가 특히 큰 현장이라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 스러스트 단층의 구조지질적 분포 특성 및 단층암의 공학적 특성에 대한 지반조사결과를 바탕으로 터널낙반의 원인과 메카니즘을 분석하고, 이를 바탕으로 대단면 터널의 안전한 재시공을 위한 합리적인 보강대책을 수립하였다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2002년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.229-236
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• 2002

In this paper, a new novel technique of seismic survey is introduced to estimate the continuity of inclined pits filled with water, It was assumed that the pits would be connected to an abandoned railway tunnel that might be constructed in the past. Thus, detection of pit end was needed for the design of a new highway tunnel(Yukshimreong tunnel) that was likely to be met with a pit. In the beginning of exploration, no reliable, cost effective method was available. Hence, focus of interest moved toward the high impedance contrast(reflection coefficient k∼0.8) between water and rock. In this special model of sequence rock-water-rock, total reflection occurs and the seismic energy, when it is generated in the pit water, is nearly confined to the pit so that seismic waves can propagate much further within the pit. As a matter of convenience, this is called“tunnel channel wave”. With these considerations in mind, seismic detonator(2g) was used as a source at the entrance of pit, whereas hydrophone chain(hydrophone interval=1m) was placed on the bottom of pit. With this appropriate source-receiver arrangement, desirable down-going and up-going waves could be observed that will help conform the continuity of pits. After about one year, it was ascertained that the inclined pit of interest was just nearby crossed with the newly excavated tunnel, as it was predicted.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2002년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.221-228
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• 2002

Thickness of concrete lining, voids at the back of lining or shotcrete are very important elements for inspecting the safety of tunnels. Therefore, the inspection of tunnel lining structure means to investigate the inner layer boundaries of the structure. For this purpose, seismic reflection survey is the most desirable method if it works in good conditions. However, the conventional seismic reflection method can not be properly used for investigating thin layers in the lining structure. In other words, to detect the inner boundaries, it is desirable for the wavelength of source to be less than the thickness of each layer and for the receiver to be capable of detecting high frequency(ultrasonic) signals. To this end, new appropriate source and receiver devices should be developed above all for the ultrasonic reflection survey. This paper deals primarily with the development of source and receiver devices which are essential parts of field measuring system. Interests are above all centered in both the radiation pattern, energy, frequency content of the source and the directional sensitivity of the receiver. With these newly devised ones, ultrasonic physical modeling has been performed on 3-D physical model composed of bakelite, water-proof and concrete, The measured seismograms showed a clear separation of wave arrivals reflected from each layer boundary. Furthermore, it is noteworthy that reflection events from the bottom of concrete below water-proof could be also observed. This result demonstrates the usefulness of the both devices that can be applied to benefit the ultrasonic reflection survey. Future research is being focus on dealing with at first an optimal configuration of source and receiver devices well coupled to tunnel wall, and further an efficient data control system of practical use.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2006년도 추계 학술대회논문집
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• pp.136-141
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• 2006

A prediction of store separation trajectory using grid survey method has been conducted. For the grid survey method, store's aerodynamic flowfield data such as freestream and grid data is needed to solve 6 degree of freedom(6-DOF) equations of motion. In the presented study, aerodynamic flowfield data was generated by Euler solver instead of CTS wind tunnel test. The predicted trajectories shows good agreement with CTS test results.