• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.293-298
• /
• 2000

To study the effect of global warming on the growth of plants and plant populations throughout their life cycle under a field-like condition, we constructed a Temperature Gradient Chamber (TGC) in Tsukuba, Japan. The chamber had slender shape : 30 m long. 3 m wide, and 2.5 m high. That satisfactory performance was confirmed by a test throughout all seasons in 1998: the projected global warming condition in the near future was simulated. That is, independent of a great daily or seasonal change in ambient meteorological conditions, air temperatures at the air outlet were warmed 5$^{\circ}C$ higher than those at the ambient (the annual mean was 14.3$^{\circ}C$) with precision of ${\pm}$0.2$^{\circ}C$ (the annual means were 19.2$^{\circ}C$) with a rising rate of approximately 1$^{\circ}C$ every 5 m. This chamber will enable us to study the effects of global warming on growth of plants and plant populations because their abilities to control air temperature are excellent. TGC is expected that it would be utilized for studying the effect of global warming on plant growth under natural weather conditions.

• Korean Journal of Exercise Nutrition
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.15-19
• /
• 2021

[Purpose] Skeletal muscle glycogen is a determinant of endurance capacity for some athletes. Ginger is well known to possess nutritional effects, such as anti-diabetic effects. We hypothesized that ginger extract (GE) ingestion increases skeletal muscle glycogen by enhancing fat oxidation. Thus, we investigated the effect of GE ingestion on exercise capacity, skeletal muscle glycogen, and certain blood metabolites in exercised rats. [Methods] First, we evaluated the influence of GE ingestion on body weight and elevation of exercise performance in rats fed with different volumes of GE. Next, we measured the skeletal muscle glycogen content and free fatty acid (FFA) levels in GE-fed rats. Finally, we demonstrated that GE ingestion contributes to endurance capacity during intermittent exercise to exhaustion. [Results] We confirmed that GE ingestion increased exercise performance (p<0.05) and elevated the skeletal muscle glycogen content compared to the nonGE-fed (CE, control exercise) group before exercise (Soleus: p<0.01, Plantaris: p<0.01, Gastrocnemius: p<0.05). Blood FFA levels in the GE group were significantly higher than those in the CE group after exercise (p<0.05). Moreover, we demonstrated that exercise capacity was maintained in the CE group during intermittent exercise (p<0.05). [Conclusion] These findings indicate that GE ingestion increases skeletal muscle glycogen content and exercise performance through the upregulation of fat oxidation.

• Proceedings of the Korea Association of Crystal Growth Conference
• /
• 1997.06a
• /
• pp.131-134
• /
• 1997

Scintillation crystals for industrial field are used in fundamental physics i.e. nuclear and high energy physics experiments besides the medical imaging, process control and gauging, container inspection, mineral process etc. For the reason of limited marketability, there are not so many studies with emphasis paced on the crystal growth. The scintillation crystal is an important theme in the studies in the fundamental physics and researchers for crystal growth are expected participate it. The present work is partly supported by a Grant-in-Aid from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Science and Culture.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Applied Superconductivity and Cryogenics Conference
• /
• 2002.02a
• /
• pp.202-204
• /
• 2002

The supurfluid shock tube facility has been developed as a versatile tool for experimental research of low-temperature thermo-fluid dynamic phenomena The shock tube is designed to operate with the He II filled test section which is immersed in superfluid helium. The thermo-dynamic phenomena occurred in this facility are measured using pressure transducers, superconductive temperature sensor and visualization method. In this paper, the design and performance of the superfluid shock tube facility and the superconductive temperature sensor is presented.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Applied Superconductivity and Cryogenics Conference
• /
• 2002.02a
• /
• pp.27-30
• /
• 2002

The particle velocity in superfluid helium (He II) induced by a gas dynamic shock wave impingement onto He II free surface were studied experimentally by using Schlieren visualization method with an ultra-high speed video camera. It is found form visualization results that a dark zone in the immediate vicinity of the vapor-He II interface region is formed because of the high compressibility of He II and is developed toward bulk He II with the flowing-down speed of the vapor-He II interface. The mass velocity behind a transmitted compression shock wave that is equal to the contraction speed of He II amounts to 10 m/sec, the Reynolds number of which reaches $10^{7}$. This fact suggests that the superfluid shock tube facility can be applied to an experimental facility for high Reynols number flow as an alternative to the superfluid wind tunnel.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Applied Superconductivity and Cryogenics Conference
• /
• 2002.02a
• /
• pp.23-26
• /
• 2002

Two modes of shock waves propagating in He II (superfluid helium), this is a compression and a thermal shock waves, were studied experimentally by using superconductive temperature sensors, piezo pressure transducers and Schlieren visualization method with an ultra-high-speed video camera (40,500 pictures/sec). The shock waves are induced by a gas dynamic shock wave impingement upon a He II free surface. It is found that the shock Mach number of a transmitted compression shock wave is up to 1.16, and the shock Mach number of a thermal shock wave coincides well with the second sound velocity under each compressed He II state condition. The temperature rise ratio of an induced thermal shock wave to that of an incident gas dynamic shock wave was found to be very small, as small as 0.003 at 1.80K.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
• /
• 1998.06a
• /
• pp.139-142
• /
• 1998

Missing values in data for fuzzy c-menas clustering is discussed. Two basic methods of fuzzy c-means, i.e., the standard fuzzy c-means and the entropy method are considered and three options of handling missing values are proposed, among which one is to define a new distance between data with missing values, second is to alter a weight in the new distance, and the third is to fill the missing values by an appropriate numbers. Experimental Results are shown.

• Journal of Conservation Science
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.28-36
• /
• 2020

The storage environment of a Japanese woodblock print collection was assessed for organic acids. The active air sampling method was used to collect organic acid emissions in the low microgram range from areas of a selected woodblock print with different pigments, following which an off-gassing mitigation strategy based on the fan filter unit(FFU) system was investigated. Research findings revealed that the off-gassing behavior of woodblock prints is significantly impacted by storage practices and to a lesser degree by the pigments. The FFU system can be used as a mitigation strategy, but the permanence of the results depends on the storage conditions.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.41-45
• /
• 2009

Activating and inhibitory cell surface receptors play important roles in regulation of immune responses. Recent progress has demonstrated that many inhibitory receptors pair with activating, as well as inhibitory, isoforms, both of whose genes are located in small clusters on a chromosome. We and others identified paired activating and inhibitory immunoglobulin-like receptors, designated myeloid-associated immunoglobulin-like receptors (MAIR) (CD300). MAIR is a multigene family consisting of nine genes on a small segment of mouse chromosome 11. MAIR family receptors are preferentially expressed on myeloid cells, including macrophages, dendritic cells, granulocytes, and bone-marrow-derived cultured mast cells, and a subset of B cells and regulate activation of these cells. Thus, MAIR plays an important role in innate immunity mediated by myeloid cells.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology Conference
• /
• 2005.11a
• /
• pp.367-370
• /
• 2005

The risk from genetically modified (GM) plants results from the possibility of gene contamination producing adverse effects on biological diversity by introducing herbicide or insect resistance into related plants or weeds (NAS 2002). The concern about the leakage of genes from GM plants into the environment has primarily focused on pollen that could be wind-borne for long distances. During the period of fisk assessment in Japan, physical containment is applied as a measure of reducing gene flow via the dispersal of pollen from GM plants into the surrounding environment In this study, we tried to estimate the effect of physically contained greenhouse covered by 1-mm fine mesh to reduce pollen dispersal by researching cross pollination rate between non-GM yellow maize in a greenhouse and silver maize outside the greenhouse.