• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.13-22
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to propose rational methods in order to maintain vegetation condition and soil environment based on the analysis of tree growth in relation to the soil environment, which is one of the most significant environmental factors on vegetation condition in urban parks and open spaces. The result of the study can be described as below;The soil on every study site had strong acidity. In particular, study sites around industrial district and central business district showed extreme soil acidity. Therefore, soil management system is needed in urban parks and green spaces around those areas. Among Cambium Electric Resistance classified by locations of urban parks and open spaces, one in the costal area was the lowest. The Cambium Electric Resistance in the industrial area was the highest. Therefore, soil condition and locational environment in the industrial area are highly related to the Cambium Electric Resistance. Among the factors, which affect Cambium Electric Resistance in different locations, inorganic content was found to be the main factor in all of the study sites. Inorganic content was an important factor to the Cambium Electric Resistance in study sites located in industrial and central business districts. In the study sites located in costal area, Soil acidity was found to be other important factors that affect Cambium Electric Resistance. To improve the soil acidity, soil buffering ability should be improved from activating microorganisms in the soil by using lime and organic material, Since it takes a long time to make a change in the soil structure, well planed maintenance system is required by mid-term or long-term plans.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.245-250
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• 2019

Newcastle disease (ND) is an infectious poultry disease that caused high mortality and reduced egg production. NDVs are regularly present in the domestic duck population. And ducks play a possible role in the maintenance and transmission of NDVs. While we were monitoring the Avian Influenza, NDVs were isolated from field samples by accident. So we analysed the biological and genetic characteristics of these viruses. Lentogenic NDVs were isolated from two farms among twenty breeder duck farms. The ages of ducks were 39 weeks old in the 'A' farm and 3~72 weeks old in the 'B' farm. And they were not inoculated with the NDVs vaccine. In the biological characteristics, the both viruses which separated from the farm 'A' and 'B' were thermostable. The amino acid sequence of a site from 112 to 119 in the fusion (F) protein was 'GKQGRLIG' which has monobasic motif in the samples of both farms. And this means the separated NDVs are lentogenic. Phylogenetic analysis was performed by entire nucleotide sequence of F protein. The virus strains from the A farm (MN095239) and the B farm (MN095240) belonged to class II genotype I. Using the analysis of whole F protein nucleic acid sequence, the MN095239 (GenBank) had homology with Ulster strain about 99.95% and the MN095239 (GenBank) had homology with KR/CK/KU_LBM255/09 strain about 99.89%. NDV surveillance is needed to investigate epidemiological relationship of domestic breeder duck isolates in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.85-92
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• 2008

The aim of this research is to develop the sentiment indicators of housing welfare for evaluating housing welfare policies conducted by the Korean government. The methods of this research are used by analysis of related documents, FGI (Focus Group Interview), and survey. The survey was made by experts and consumers. To analyze the survey, this research also uses confirmatory factor analysis by SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Science) program, AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) by Expert Choice program, frequency, average, percentages, Factor analysis etc. As a result of this research, selected housing welfare indicators are settled as follows: In the housing welfare aspect, 11 indicators in the department of 'Housing Satisfaction' and 11 indicators in the department of 'Community Satisfaction' (22 in total) are suggested. The indicators are 1) Water Supply and Distribution Equipment 2) Heating equipment 3) the size of the exclusive residential area 4) the number of rooms 5) Ventilation and Lighting 6) Sound Insulation (Indoor Noise) 7) Air Pollution/Odor 8) House Deposit 9) Rent Paid 10) Maintenance (Dwelling) Cost 11) The length of Occupation 12) Proximity to Welfare Facilities 13) Educational Environment 14) Convenience of Facilities (shops, hospitals etc.) 15) Convenience of Transportation and Commuting 16) Distance from Workplace 17) Landscape and Green Space (Tree, Flowers, Grass etc.) 18) Vandalism (Destruction Behavior, graffiti etc.) 19) Privacy 20) Noise in Public Places (Drinking, Loudly Talking etc.) 21) Safety from Crime 22) Safety from a Disaster. As of 2007, the housing welfare sentiment index is measured by the survey of 1,000 inhabitants in the public housing, which shows 3.51.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.101 no.4
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• pp.558-566
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• 2012

This study was conducted to offer preliminary data for a natural restoration by the actual condition survey of quarries after extracting rock materials. The mountain restoration area according to a farming and fishing village organize project was restored by green landscape after quarry. However, planting tree species were died due to poor maintenance and administration after restoration works and surface soil loss and erosion occurred during a summer rainfall season because of poor slope greening. It will be needed to review restoration constructions to establish a natural friendly and flawless construction through the selection of optimum restoration works and the examination of soil and geological characteristics. In addition, it is necessary to apply cost-reducing program of restoration constructions. Quarry areas could be restored by the selection of simple and optimum construction works because the most areas were dominant in earth-sand rocks, soft-rocks, and weather-rocks. In addition, the restoration construction project should be examined thoroughly by restoration specialists during green restoration planning and review processes.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.185-204
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to suggest factors for village activation and maintenance of urban village community, based on the survey of residents' interaction (neighbors relationship, using community facilities, and community activities) and their community consciousness of Seongmisan village, a successful case in Seoul. 171 residents answered the questionnaire, and the data were analyzed by the SPSS program. Major findings are as follows. 1) Families got social with neighbors, caused by common use of community facilities, nearness of houses, and kids' friendship; the number of neighbors to be expected to give help was mostly under 5. 2) Facilities used by residents more than 3 times a week were cooperative association and cafe 'Little Tree'. Facilities considered to be important by residents were living cooperative association('Doore'), kids daycare center, village school, cafe, and education center. 3) 'Village News' was mostly interested community activities; 'Village Festival' and 'Village Sports Day' were also mostly participated. 4) As for the village consciousness factors, more than 3 points of 5 marked in all the 3 categories; emotional intimacy, neighbor homogeneity, and village attribution. The village consciousness, however, showed statistically meaningful difference in residents' motivation to move into village, number of family members, age, income, period of residence, neighbors relationship, whether they participate in group activities and events or not.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.53 no.12
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• pp.637-644
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• 2004

This paper proposes an expert system with the knowledge learning capability which can enhance the safety and effectiveness of substation operation in the automated substation as well as existing substation by inferring multiple events such as main transformer fault, busbar fault and main transformer work schedule under multiple inference mode and multiple objective mode and by considering totally the switch status and the main transformer operating constraints. Especially inference mode includes the local minimum tree search method and pattern recognition method to enhance the performance of real-time bus reconfiguration strategy. The inference engine of the expert system consists of intuitive inferencing part and logical inferencing part. The intuitive inferencing part offers the control strategy corresponding to the event which is most similar to the real event by searching based on a minimum distance classification method of pattern recognition methods. On the other hand, logical inferencing part makes real-time control strategy using real-time mode(best-first search method) when the intuitive inferencing is failed. Also, it builds up a knowledge base or appends a new knowledge to the knowledge base using pattern learning function. The expert system has main transformer fault, main transformer maintenance work and bus fault processing function. It is implemented as computer language, Visual C++ which has a dynamic programming function for implementing of inference engine and a MFC function for implementing of MMI. Finally, it's accuracy and effectiveness is proved by several event simulation works for a typical substation.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.160-169
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• 2006

This paper describes the data structure for program analysis and optimization of bytecode level. First we create an extended CFG(Control Flow Graph). Because of the special properties of bytecode, we must adaptively extend the existing control flow analysis techniques. We build basic blocks to create the CFG and create various data that can be used for optimization. The created CFG can be tested for comprehension and maintenance of Java bytecode, and can also be used for other analyses such as data flow analysis. This paper implements CTOC's CTOC-BR(CTOC-Bytecode tRanslator) for control flow analysis of bytecode level. CTOC(Classes To Optimized Classes) is a Java bytecode framework for optimization and analysis. This paper covers the first part of the CTOC framework. CTOC-BR is a tool that converts the bytecode into tree form for easy optimization and analysis of bytecode in CTOC.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.95-108
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• 2006

The digital contents expand into software source code and maintenance of technology and IPR about source code have a very important meaning to international competition, The recognition about software security is very low specially among these Intellectual Property Rights. On occurring disputation property, we have to prove the fact, there is a problem to discriminate the original source code, Also, it is hard to accurate decision that is correct to complexity and the lack of read and understand ability even if software is reproduced. In this paper, we don't enforce distinction about software reproduction by one individual code unit. And we developed digital license prototype of XML that can distinguish reproduction based on structural conformability of whole source codes. Software has Context Free Grammar in structure and presents BNF notation type, it is apt to present hierarchical structure. Then, we can express architecture of software source code by hierarchical structure to discriminate structural conformability. In this paper, we make a study of the digital licence prototype for discriminate the original source code. Reserved words of software source code by parsing express to XML file that have hierarchical structure. Then, we can express architecture of software source code by tree structure form instead of complex source code.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.123-132
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• 2013

This survey was conducted to investigate the current state of odor emission and control from 48 site of Hanwoo, dairy, swine and poultry farms in Korea. On-site complex odors assessment by the method of 6 step direct sensory evaluation and ammonia concentrations by portable gas detector on the boundary line of farms were evaluated and detected as 1.11 & 2.78 ppm, 1.67 & 2.56 ppm, 1.91 & 2.89 ppm, 1.8 & 2.4 ppm and 1.33 & 2.33 ppm, respectively. Almost of Hanwoo, dairy and poultry farms were nothing the complaints occurred for the last 2 years, however as 60% of swine farms were suffered odor complain. All of livestock operations were used the additives for improving the farm environment and spent the considerable costs for odor reduction. There were several plans almost farms, as a fortify maintenance, keep clean, tree planting, expansion facilities for manure treatment or odor reduction.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.589-601
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• 2003

XLink is XML Linking Language that defines links between XML documents or XML elements. It uses XML syntax to create structures that can describe links similar to the simple unidirectional hyperlinks of HTML, as well as more sophisticated links. There exist several relationships between resources that linked by XLink. Without supports from XML Repository for these relationship management, there is a huge overhead related to the management of relationships during both application development and maintenance, since the relationships need to be hard-coded directly into the application program itself. In this paper, we propose an XLink supporting system in object repository. We describe the design and implementation of this system on top of XDOM(persistent DOMlink XML repository). To support XLink, our system offers referential relationship semantics, extended link and the expansion of DOM tree for XLink.