• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제10권10호
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• pp.2803-2809
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• 2009

국내 건설업계는 자체 엔지니어링 기술 확보 및 높은 수준의 건설사업 관리기술의 보유와 더불어 사업초기 단계에서 해당 프로젝트의 경제적 타당성 평가를 수행할 수 있는 능력이 절실히 요구되어진다. 시설물의 설계 및 시공 기술은 최근의 국제 시장에서 수주를 위해서는 반드시 필요한 부분이며 수익을 창출할 수 있는 사업수행을 위해서는 사업초기단계부터 사후유지관리까지의 연속적인 건설사업 관리기술이 요구되어진다. 건설사업 관리기술은 프로젝트 시작단계에서부터 운영 유지관리 단계까지 단계별로 발생하는 비용에 대해 얼마나 경제적이고 효율적으로 관리하느냐에 따라 프로젝트의 성공여부를 결정짓는 역할을 한다. 이러한 단계별 비용항목의 체계적인 분석을 위해 본 연구에서는 국내 하수처리장을 대상으로 프로젝트 전반에 걸친 비용흐름 및 요소를 조사하였다. 특히 국내 하수처리시설의 유지관리비 DB를 조사하여 데이터 모델링을 수행하였고, 실적 DB의 불확실성을 고려하여 불확실성 해소를 위해 몬테카를로 시뮬레이션 방법을 이용하여 타당성 평가를 위한 평가 목적별(처리공법, 운영 주체 등) 유지관리비 예측 추세선을 제시하고자 하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.115-123
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• 1999

수영하수처리장 방류수의 해중방류법과 3차 처리 시설 설치의 비용분석을 한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 해안에서 4km 거리와 관경을 2m의 해중방류법을 이용한 수용만의 수질을 개선시키는데 소요되는 해중방류관 건설비용은 383억 원이 소요되는 것으로 산출되었다. 2) 수영하수처리장의 유출수를 해중방류관을 통해서 방류할 경우 방류수심을 32m, Diffuser의 길이를 200m로 할 경우의 초기희석배율은 유속에 따라서 56.4∼399.2으로 계산되었다. 3) 질소를 제거하기 위한 순환법의 경우의 20년 동안의 총 비용은 1,364억 원, 인을 제거하기 위한 응집제 첨가 활성슬러지법은 1,010억 원, 해중방류법은 383억 원으로 해중방류법이 3차 처리시설을 설치하는 비용보다 약 2.6∼3.5배 비용을 적게 소요하는 것으로 산출되었다. 4) 해중방류법을 이용할 경우의 수영만의 수질영향을 예측하기 위해서 물질순환모델을 이용하여 예측한 결과 수영만의 수질이 COD, 용존무기질소(DIN)와 용존무기인(DIP)의 전 항목에서 해역환경 II등급을 만족하는 것으로 예측되었다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.453-460
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• 2004

The objective of this research is to develop the water quality management model to achieve the water quality goal and the minimization of the waste load abatement cost. Most of existing water quality management model can calculate BOD and DO. In addition to those variables, N and P are included in the management model of this study. With a genetic algorithm, calculation results from the mathematical water quality model can be used directly in this management model. Developed management model using genetic algorithm was applicated for the Youngsan River basin. To verify the management model, water quality and pollution source of the Youngsan River had been investigated. Treatment types and optimum treatment costs of the existing and planned WWTPs in the baisn were calculated from the model. The results of genetic algorithm indicate that Kwangju and Naju WWTP have to do the advanced treatment to achieve the water quality goal about BOD, DO and TP. Total annual treatment cost including the upgrade cost of existing WWTPs in the Youngsan River basin was about 50.3 billion Won.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.537-541
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• 2002

This study aimed to obtain the relative formula with the unit treatment cost according to the treatment of a sewage plant in the service area under highway. The following results were obtained. The correlative formula connected to amount of sewage(Q)generation was as follows ; between an annual amount of sale(C) showed Q=19.113$.$C$\^$0.9294/, and between the number of users(P) showed Q=2${\times}$10$\^$-8/ $.$P$^2$- 0.0298$.$P + 75,666. The correlative formula connected to the treatment cost was as follows , according to the amount of sewage generation showed S= 3${\times}$10$\^$-6/$.$Q 0-0.2266$.$Q+29,895, according to the elimination of BOD(E) showed S=6${\times}$10$\^$-5/$.$E$^2$-0.6717$.$E + 27,744, according to the annual amount of sale showed S=0.0005 C$^2$-4.8013$.$C + 35,118, with the number, of persons(P) using the service area showed S= 2${\times}$10$\^$-8/ $.$P$^2$- 0.046$.$P + 48,803.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.84-94
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• 2001

Background : in order to adapt to changes of the medical environm interests that is drawn in ambulatory surgery are increased as a method of approaching a patients' satisfaction and cost-effective management. The purpose of this study is to a assess the operation which is able to perform through ambulatory care unit, to identify the problem in ambulatory surgery, and to increased the opportunity of ambulatory surgery with safety. Methods : Between May 13th, 1998 and June 30th, 2000, we performed surgical treatment through ambulatory care unit, and evaluate the results of them. The sorts of operation, duration of stay in the hospital, total cost of treatment, satisfaction of patients and safety if anesthesia were assessed. Results : We performed ambulatory surgery without serve complications and the patients were satisfied with surgical treatment through ambulatory care unit. In comparison of ambulatory and admission surgery, there was a reduction of cost to 16.7~25.3% in ambulatory surgery. Also, the duration of admission was 2 days shorter than admission surgery. Conclusions : According to our results, the surgical treatment through ambulatory care unit is safe and useful method that increase the quality of medical service, satisfaction of patients and reduce the cost of treatments.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2021

Objectives We aimed to examine health-related economic analysis of available interventions on idiopathic short stature (ISS). Methods Eight studies were reviewed from English, Korean, and Chinese databases which were published up to December 24, 2020. Effectiveness, utility, and cost data were extracted from the studies and descriptive analysis of the individual studies was conducted Results Five studies were chosen. In the two economic evaluation studies, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of growth hormone (GH) treatment was presented by performing cost-effectiveness analysis based on the deterministic decision tree approach for the GH and untreated group. Final adult height and direct medical costs were analyzed as effectiveness and cost outcomes. In 1 review article, an ICER of GH was presented based on systematic review on the effects of the GH treatment. In the two clinical trials, the effectiveness and cost of the 12 months Oriental medicine combination treatment were presented in comparison with the GH treatment alone. There were no literatures that provided utility data of available intervention on ISS. Conclusions The results of this study will be used as basic data for the economic analysis of Oriental medicine treatment on ISS in the future.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.3753-3757
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• 2016

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate whether electrochemotherapy is a clinically and cost-effective treatment option against skin tumors. Materials and Methods: We performed an analysis of the current literature based on database searches in PubMed/MEDLINE and we included articles till July 2012. Terms used for the search were 'electrochemotherapy', 'skin cancer', 'recurrence', and 'cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors'. Only papers published in English were included. In addition, we performed an analysis of the cost effectiveness of the method. Results: The combination of physics and chemistry is the foundation for electrochemotherapy and its efficacy, independent of the tumor histology. Clinical data showed that ECT is well tolerated and can be used in difficult cases without other available treatment options. The analysis also showed that the treatment is feasible and cost-effective. Conclusions: Electrochemotherapy is a clinically efficient safe and cost-effective treatment and clinicians should not hesitate to use it as alternative therapeutic modality or as palliative treatment.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.75-82
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• 2019

In a highly urbanized area, land availability is limited for the installation of space consuming stormwater systems for best management practices (BMPs), leading to the consideration of underground stormwater treatment devices connected to the stormwater pipe system. The configuration of a stormwater pipe network determines the hydrological and pollutant transport characteristics of the stormwater discharged through the pipe network, and thus should be an important design consideration for effective management of stormwater quantity and quality. This article presents a multi-objective optimization approach for designing a stormwater pipe network with on-line stormwater treatment devices to achieve an optimal trade-off between the total installation cost and the annual removal efficiency of total suspended solids (TSS). The Non-dominated Sorted Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) was adapted to solve the multi-objective optimization problem. The study site used to demonstrate the developed approach was a commercial area that has an existing pipe network with eight outfalls into an adjacent stream in Yongin City, South Korea. The stormwater management model (SWMM) was calibrated based on the data obtained from a subcatchment within the study area and was further used to simulate the flow rates and TSS discharge rates through a given pipe network for the entire study area. In the simulation, an underground stormwater treatment device was assumed to be installed at each outfall and sized proportional to the average flow rate at the outfall. The total installation cost for the pipes and underground devices was estimated based on empirical formulas using the flow rates and TSS discharge rates simulated by the SWMM. In the demonstration example, the installation cost could be reduced by up to 9% while the annual TSS removal efficiency could be increased by 4% compared to the original pipe network configuration. The annual TSS removal efficiency was relatively insensitive to the total installation cost in the Pareto-optimal solutions of the pipe network design. The results suggested that the installation cost of the pipes and stormwater treatment devices can be substantially reduced without significantly compromising the pollutant removal efficiency when the pipe network is optimally designed.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.291-305
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to explore the consumer responses such as willingness to pay premium and purchasing cost for fair trade coffee as an ethical product while considering the treatment effect of consumer knowledge. First, the levels of consumer knowledge, willingness to pay premium and purchasing cost were presented. Then, the influencing factors on willingness to pay premium and purchasing cost of fair trade coffee were analyzed by applying the treatment effect model. From the results, first, the level of willingness to pay premium was high and consumers having purchasing experience of fair trade coffee spent 9,923 won at once, while less than half of the consumers knew the fair trade coffee. Second, consumer knowledge, ethical judgement, perception of price value, education level and pocket money significantly influenced to willingness to pay premium, while consumer knowledge, information evaluation, importance of fair trade criteria and level of education significantly influenced to purchasing cost for fair trade coffee. Especially, consumer knowledge of fair trade coffee was an important influencing factor for willingness to pay premium and purchasing cost indirectly as well as directly. Thus, this study might provide some useful information for consumers to choose the ethical behavior and the related companies to create effective promoting strategies for ethical products.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.707-716
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• 2020

Objectives: This study aims to provide basic data for high-quality dental services. In addition, we will promote the operation of preventive dentistry that implements preventive measures. It was conducted to study the change of patient's treatment behavior and treatment cost due to the discontinuation of preventive dentistry in university dental hospitals. Methods: This study collected data using the integrated medical information system of the C University Dental Hospital. From September 1, 2017 to August 31, 2019, data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, chi-square test using SPSS version 24.0 statistical program, and T-test. Results: There was a significant difference in the number of preventive dental treatment cases from 58.3% of preventive dental operation periods to 41.7% of preventive dental operation periods. As a result of comparing the medical expenses, the total medical expenses during the preventive dental operation period decreased from 521,308,872 won to 379,724,995 won during the discontinuation period, 141,583,877 won. The number of medical treatments by treatment behavior decreased 3,835 (28.4%) from a total of 13,520 preventive dental operation periods to 9,685. Conclusions: This study is meaningful as the first study to confirm the change in the treatment behavior and the change in the cost of treatment due to the discontinuation of the operation of preventive dentistry at university dental hospitals. In conclusion, it is thought that there is a possibility of the lack of accessibility and the limitation of professional preventive care due to the discontinuation of preventive dentistry.