• Title/Summary/Keyword: Traffic Class

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Design of General Peripheral Interface Using Serial Link (직렬 링크 방식의 주변 장치 통합 인터페이스 설계)

  • Kim, Do-Seok;Chung, Hoon-Ju;Lee, Yong-Hwan
    • The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.68-75
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    • 2011
  • The performance of peripheral devices is improving rapidly to meet the needs of users for multimedia data. Therefore, the peripheral interface with wide bandwidth and high transmission rate becomes necessary to handle large amounts of data in real time for multiple high-performance devices. PCI Express is a fast serial interface with the use of packets that are compatible with previous PCI and PCI-X. In this paper, we design and verify general peripheral interface using serial link. It includes two kinds of traffic class (TC) labels which are mapped to virtual channels (VC). The design adopts TC/VC mapping and the scheme of arbitration by priority. The design uses a packet which can be transmitted through up to four transmission lanes. The design of general peripheral interface is described in Verilog HDL and verified using ModelSim. For FPGA verification, Xilinx ISE and SPARTAN XC3S400 are used.We used Synopsys Design Compiler as a synthesis tool and the used library was MagnaChip 0.35um technology.

An Analysis of Cultural Relics Location (문화유적의 공간적 입지 유형 분석)

  • Kim, Chang-Hwan;Bae, Sun-Hak
    • Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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    • v.12 no.5
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    • pp.583-594
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    • 2006
  • Relics are life traces of ancestors, and they are good data for giving an idea about space locations of that period. This study classifies relics according to their type, and for each classified group metrical analysis is carried out using GIS and triangle diagram. The criteria used for analysis of relics' locations are elevation, road accessibility and water accessibility. The analysis results show that every relic has its own distribution characteristics according to the time and the type. This means high possibility of approaching a geographical focus on relics distribution and location. While historical period was taking over prehistorical, relics locations moved from the points of great usage water supply possibility to the points of great traffic accessibility. Also, relics of the ruling class for each time period generally have good locations.

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Transmission Delay Estimation-based Forwarding Strategy for Load Distribution in Software-Defined Network (SDN 환경에서 효율적 Flow 전송을 위한 전송 지연 평가 기반 부하 분산 기법 연구)

  • Kim, Do Hyeon;Hong, Choong Seon
    • KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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    • v.23 no.5
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    • pp.310-315
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    • 2017
  • In a centralized control structure, the software defined network controller manages all openflow enabled switched in a data plane and controls the telecommunication between all hosts. In addition, the network manager can easily deploy the network function to the application layer with a software defined network controller. For this reason, many methods for network management using a software defined network concept have been proposed. The main policies for network management are related to traffic Quality of Service and resource management. In order to provide Quality of Service and load distribution for network users, we propose an efficient routing method using a naive bayesian algorithm and transmission delay estimation module. In this method, the forwarding path is decided by flow class and estimated transmission delay result in the software defined network controller. With this method, the load on the network node can be distributed to improve overall network performance. The network user also gets better dynamic Quality of Service.

Performance Analysis of Label Edge Router System in Multiprotocol Label Switching Network (멀티프로토콜 레이블 스위칭망에서의 레이블 에지 라우터 시스템의 성능 분석)

  • Lee, Jae-Sup;Ryu, Keun-Ho;Suh, Jae-Joon;Im, Jun-Mook
    • Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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    • v.28 no.4
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    • pp.602-610
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    • 2001
  • In the MPLS(Multiprotocol Label Switching) forwarding paradigm, once a packet is assigned to a FEC(Forwarding Equivalence Class), no further header analysis is done by subsequent routers; all forwarding is driven by the labels. This has a number of advantages over conventional network layer forwarding. The MPLS LER(Label Edge Router) is located at the boundary of MPLS domain and plays a role in connecting with the existing Internet as an ingress or an egress router. That is, the MPLS LER as an ingress router assigns a label to a packet which enters the MPLS network from the Internet by analyzing its header and forwards to a corresponding next router in MPLS domain. As an egress router, the MPLS LER turns the packets out of the MPLS network by performing the reverse operation. In this paper, we analyze the traffic performance of an MPLS LER system and estimate the IP(Internet Protocol) packet processing capacity of the system using queueing model and simulation. It is found that the maximum IP packet processing capacity of the system is estimated by 420,000 through 460,000 packets/sec.

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A Novel Efficient Up-Link Scheduler for IEEE 802.16m (IEEE802.16m을 위한 효율적인 상향링크 스케줄러 연구)

  • Cho, Da-Young;Oh, Hyuk-Jun;Hong, Sung-Woong;Oh, Il-Hyuk;Ko, Kyung-Soo
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.37A no.11
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    • pp.979-985
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    • 2012
  • The design of an efficient scheduler is a key design factor in IEEE 802.16m systems, in order to support services with various QoS smoothly. Although conventional studies of schedules have been suggested, those had problems that are not able to satisfy the delay condition and make the through-put declined, because they only focused on a specific action scenario rather than reflecting practical action scenarios which have real-time and non-real-time traffics variously. In this paper, an efficient uplink scheduling algorithm is proposed for IEEE 802.16m system by introducing the concepts of Virtual Time(VT) and Virtual Finish Time(VFT) based priority determination, and separate buffers for each QoS class in the mobile terminal. Simulation results showed that the proposed scheme had satisfied the delay requirement of real-time services even with improved throughput performance compared to conventional methods.

A Multicasting based Efficient Control Message Transmission for Quality of Service in Asymmetric 10G-EPONs (비대칭적인 10G-EPON망에서 QoS 제공을 위한 멀티캐스트 기반 효과적인 제어 메시지 전송 방법)

  • Yang, Yeon-Mo
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.35 no.5B
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    • pp.771-776
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    • 2010
  • In this paper, we present an efficient centralized dynamic bandwidth allocation scheme with multicasting for asymmetric 10G-Ethernet Passive Optical Networks (10G-EPONs). The proposed scheme is based on multicast-burst polling and provides quality of service (QoS) with class of service (CoS) to different lasses of packets. It is shown that a well-known conventional interleaved polling scheme severely decreases downstream channel capacity for user traffic when the upstream network load is low (avalanche gate frequency). To overcome this problem, we have proposed a multicast burst polling scheme which shows impressively lower downstream bandwidth consumption compare to IPACT and moreover it did not show the light load penalty problem. Simulation results using an OPNET tool show that the multicast burst polling effectively eliminates light-load penalty and minimizes downstream bandwidth consumption under avalanche gate frequencies.

A Policy on WLAN MAC Parameters Usage for QoS Provisioning (QoS 지원을 위한 WLAN MAC 파라미터 운용 방안)

  • Jeong, Dae-In;Hong, Chang-Hyun
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.30 no.11B
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    • pp.698-706
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    • 2005
  • In this paper, we investigate the parameters of the IEEE 802.11e MAC protocol, CWmin and AIFS, in terms of their capability of QoS control. The delay and the bandwidth performances are selected as the QoS medics to examine the characteristics of those parameters. A policy on MAC parameters usage, thereby, is proposed. We regard the MAC-level traffic classification as the differentiation in the channel accessibility, and thus the delay differentiation is referred to a main issue of the class-level QoS control. Realizing the tight relationship between the delay performance and the parameter AIFS, we derive an analytical expression of their relationship through an analysis of the MAC mechanism. Various simulations are examined which show the validity of our assertions, and a policy on the parameters usage is proposed based on those observations.

An Efficient Bandwidth Utilization Mechanism for the IEEE 802.6 MAN (IEEE 802.6 MAN을 위한 효율적 대역폭 사용 메카니즘)

  • 강문식;유시훈;조명석;이상배
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.310-317
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    • 1993
  • This paper presents a mechanism for improving performance of the IEEE 802.6 MAN(Metropolitan Area Network), a dual-bus structured high-speed communication network, by a more efficient use of bandwidth. The MAN protocol is able to handle various traffic and offers better transmission speed than the conventional LAN, but the unidirectional bus structure and propagation delay of request bits results in unfairness since higher nodes use more bandwidth. As the number of stations and the distances between them are increased, the problem becomes mere serious. As a solution, this paper presents a method that every station enables to identify the used slots, and that a specified class denoted 'erasure station' has with the functions of destination release, slot reuse. As a result, it is export to improve network bandwidth values of each station and the throughput and delay time was analytically analyzed, and it is shown that according to computer simulation results, this mechanism improves the network performance.

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Analysis of Current Wearing Status and Satisfaction of Warning Clothing for Road Cleaner and Traffic Workers (도로변 작업자와 도로교통 업무 경찰관의 안전의복 착용실태 및 그 소재와 착용 만족도 분석)

  • Park, Soon Ja
    • Human Ecology Research
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    • v.56 no.4
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    • pp.347-360
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    • 2018
  • We surveyed 223 road workers between 2017 July-August about wearing and satisfaction in order to find basic data to develop safety clothing that enhances visibility of motion and comfort while meeting international standards. It was found that most of the current warning clothing owned by road cleaners and about 2/3 of policemen clothes were provided by public institutions. The purpose of wearing, color, properties, satisfaction and protectiveness differed significantly by occupation. Second, the most popular response for the type and quantity of warning clothing was 2 sets of spring/autumn, summer, and winter type for road cleaners, whereas policemen chose 2 sets of all types plus a safety vest. Therefore, a top-level (3rd class) warning clothing study is required. Third, satisfaction ranked Moderate>Good>Poor; in addition, the main reason for satisfaction was that 'retroreflective tape increases safety at night (54.4%)' for road cleaners and 'the fluorescent color stands out (43.7%)' for policemen. Thus, it was accepted that visibility contributed to safety. Fourth, body-protectiveness was evaluated higher compared to wearing satisfaction, and it was recognized more by road cleaners than policemen. Overall satisfaction was higher for road cleaners versus policemen both in Seoul than Incheon. Fifth, the main dissatisfaction in both groups was 'low sweat absorbency' showing improving the air permeability, moisture regain and permeability was the highest priority. Finally, those working 8 hours a day tended to evaluate more positively the 6 properties of the material.

A Design of Smart-based collaborative learning model for programming education of elementary school students (초등학생 프로그래밍 교육을 위한 스마트 기반 협력학습 모형 설계)

  • Sung, Young-Hoon
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.147-159
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    • 2015
  • This paper is to design smart based collaborative learning model for programming education of fifth graders of elementary school and applies it to a class and analyze its result. Designed learning model is composed of understanding of concept, realization, learning and sharing and it includes step by step learning materials and smart based collaborative learning activities. Scratch traffic light learning materials at leaning stage classify content to be checked in programming by colors and write to support programming internalization of learners. Provision of smart based collaborative learning activities that considered learning conditions of learners makes it possible for beginners to participate in and keep study actively. This study showed that there was statistically significant difference in learners' programming interest and those who achieved over 8 out of 10 points were 60.7% at three stage evaluations for achievement level that applied learning model which suggests that satisfactory achievement level is achieved.