• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2010

제주 전통된장으로부터 세포외효소(protease, fibrinolytic enzyme, amylase, cellulase, lipase) 분비능이 우수한 세균을 분리한 후 16S rRNA 유전자 분석과 생리적 특성을 분석하여 균주를 확인하고자 하였다. Protease 분비능은 JR14, JR19, JR25, JR32, JR38, JR47과 JR64가 표준균주인 Bacillus subtilis KCCM12027보다 활성이 높았다. Amylase 분비능은 JR6, JR25, JR38, JR56, JR81에서 나타난 반면 표준균주인 KCCM12027에서는 나타나지 않았다. Cellulase 분비능은 JR6, JR14, JR48과 JR65가 다른 분리균주 또는 표준균주보다 높았으며, lipase 분비능은 JR14와 JR48이 높았다. 혈전용해 활성은 positive control인 plasmin의 용해 영역에 비하여 JR19가 192%로 가장 높았고, hemolysis 활성도 높았다. 혈전용해능이 있는 균주인 JR19, JR32, JR47, JR64의 배양액을 zymography한 결과, 25～75 kDa 사이에서 4～5개의 밴드가 확인되었다. 된장으로부터 분리한 균주들의 16s rRNA 유전자 염기서열을 분석한 결과 모두 Bacillus species와 99%의 상동성을 나타내었으며, 혈전용해능이 가장 우수한 JR19는 B. stratosphericus $41KF2a^T$와 거의 일치하였다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.757-762
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• 2013

우리나라 전통장류를 건염햄 제조에 접목한 건염햄의 제품을 개발하기 위해 염지과정에서 첨가한 고추장과 된장이 건염햄 품질에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자 실시하였다. 천일염(C), 천일염+고추장(T1), 천일염+된장(T2)을 한우의 반힘줄모양근(m.emitendinosus)의 표면에 골고루 발라주고 세척한 한우 대장에 충진한 후 75일 동안 건조 및 발효시켰다. 한우 반힘줄모양근 건염햄 품질을 조사한 결과, 건염햄 수분함량은 46.45-48.04% 수준으로 유의적인 차이는 없었다. T1은 모든 처리구 중에서 pH가 가장 낮았고 T2는 WHC가 가장 낮았다(p<0.05). 기계적 육색 측정에서 C가 $a^*$와 $b^*$가 전통장류 처리(T1, T2)보다 높았으나(p<0.05), $L^*$은 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 조직감에서 T1은 C보다 탄력성이 유의적으로 낮았다(p<0.05). 관능평가 결과 모든 처리구에서 유의적인 차이가 없었고 C는 제품색과 향미가 높은 점수를 받은데 반해, T1은 높은 맛, 짠맛, 그리고 전체적 기호도가 다른 처리구에 비해 높았다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.374-382
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• 2011

The origin of Korean traditional food's spicy taste dates back to the first telling of the Dangun myth-a story of a tiger and bear who tried to reincarnate themselves in human form by eating garlic and wormwood. For a long time, Koreans have eaten spicy vegetables such as green onion, garlic, ginger, mustard, leeks, corni, cinnamon bark, and Chinese peppers (Zanthoxylum schinfolium) and Zanthoxylum bungeanum. In prehistoric times, spicy vegetables were probably used to eliminate the smell of meat. In the agricultural age, they were used to supplement meals with fresh taste. They were also used as a substitute for salt (salt was very precious and expensive) as well as side dishes for the poor. Spicy vegetables have also been used as a substitute for main dish like medicinal gruel and used to increase the spiciness of soup, and they are usually used as a side dish and with condiments in namul (cooked vegetable dishes), sangchae (salad), ssam (wrapped in greens and garnished with red-pepper paste or other condiments) and Kimchi. In addition, chili pepper was introduced to the Korean Peninsula in the middle of the Joseon Dynasty (mid-15th, 16th century). The soil and climate of the Korean Peninsula are suitable to growing chili pepper, and chili pepper has excellent adaptability and productivity. Accordingly, it is processed to red pepper powder and has become a major part of traditional Korean food along with Chinese pepper. Since the Joseon Dynasty, many kinds of Kimchi made with red pepper powder have been developed, and most Koreans enjoy them these days. The main characteristics of Korean food are spiciness and honest-to-goodness taste.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.599-606
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• 2005

The study was carried out to measure the antitumor effect of traditional doenjang (Korean soybean paste) added with Japanese apricot, garlic or ginger. Four kinds of traditional doenjang inhibited significantly the tumor growth in mice injected sarcoma-I80 cells. Especially, traditional doenjang added with ginger (Gi-TD) showed an inhibition of tumor cell activity of 97% by the administration of 1.0 mg/kg methanol extracts. Among Balb/c mouse administered doenjang extracts, the liver weight of mice fed Gi-TD was heavier than that of the group not administered doenjang. However, no difference was found between the control and doenjang administrated groups in weights of body, spleen, kidney and heart. The activity of natural killer (NK) cells was relatively high in mice administrated with the four kinds of doenjang. Particularly, mice administrated with the Gi-TD methanol extracts showed a strong activity of 82.9%. The activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST) in mice administrated with the 4 kinds of doenjang was higher than that of the group not administered with doenjang. In particular, the GST activity was the strongest in the group administrated with Gi-TD. The results suggest that Gi-TD has a strong growth inhibition activity against sarcoma-180 tumor cells.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제42권9호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2004

Most of the Korean diaspora who lived in Yunhaeju moved to Central Asia in 1937 following the policy of deportation of Russia. Uzbekistan is the representative place for Korean diaspora to have settled down in Central Asia at that time and mort Korean diaspora in Central Asia are living in Uzbekistan now. Korean diaspora have maintained a traditional way of living for 140 years without a deep relationship with Korea. This study examined the dwellings of the Korean diaspora of Uzbekistan in Central Asia by visiting their houses and conducting interviews. Results of the research were as following: 1) The houses of the Korean diaspora in Uzbekistan in early times consisted of 2-3 bedrooms with Gudle. Gudle is the most traditional element of the Korean diaspora's house and it has been used as a place for gathering family members. 2) Korean diaspora's houses in Uzbekistan were built according to Russian and Uzbek style but most of the Korean diaspora's have a mixed style with traditional Korean elements of living.3) The changing process of planning and building codes of apartments in Uzbekistan is similar to that in other CIS nations and all of Russia. 4) Korean's food style is a mixture of Korean, Russian and Central Asian foods. Kimchi and Jang (bean paste) are essential for most Koreans and most Koreans are making these at home. 5) Most Koreans have maintained a good relationship with the Uzbek people and Koreans are very active in gelling along well with all. This enables them to exchange their culture eventually in various parts. This study could be the first step to supply basic information for the study of the Korean diaspora in Uzbekistan. Deeper research over a wider range is needed in Russia.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.27-38
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• 1995

This study was conducted to standardize ingredient ratio and preparation method of mafor traditional special kimchies in kyungsang province, korea. There were about 35 varieties of special kimchi in Kyungsang province. Six varieties of them such as burdock kimchi, wild leek kimchi, green thread onion kimchi, perilla leaf kimchi, Godulbaegi(Korean wild lettuce) kimchi, and red pepper leaf kimchi were selected, because they tasted good and the physiological functions of their main ingredients were excellent. The ingredient ratios of the selected special kimchi were standardized through surveying hereditary preparation of some families in kyungsang province and using the literatures including cooking books. The standardized ingredient ratio of the burdock kimchi was 15.1 pickled anchovy juice, 6.8 red pepper powder, 5.7 garlic, 2.2 ginger, 18.0 rice flour paste, 13.5 green thread onion, and 1.2 sesame seed in proportion to 100 of burdock. The standardized preparation step of the selected special kimchies was similar except some preprocessing methods of main ingredients. The diagonally cut-up burdock ws usually parboiled or soaked in salted water, then it was mixed with the other ingredients. Wild leek and green thread onion were usually pickled with salt or pickled anchovy juice. Sometimes the green thread onion pickled was dried in the sun. General preprocessing of perilla leaf, Korean wild lettuce, and red pepper leaf was soaking them in salted water for about 5-10 days. Sometimes red pepper leaf was heated with steam and dried in the sun, then it was mixed with the other ingredients.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.481-490
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• 2015

This research was conducted to examine the awareness and preference levels related to MSG (monosodium glutamate) according to well-being dietary life pursuit attitude factors as well as to improve opportunities to meet value conscious consumption of well-being-oriented customers. According to well-being dietary life pursuit attitude factors, respondents were divided to three clusters, indifference type, well-being-oriented type, and active health action type. Sensory evaluations were carried out on soybean paste soup (Doenjang-guk) and seasoned spinach with different levels of MSG. In the results, 74.4% of all respondents preferred Doenjang soup with 2% MSG, 65.4% preferred seasoned spinach with the same ratio of MSG, and 35.9% preferred seasoned spinach with 0.5% MSG. Regarding the acceptance level of MSG, addition of MSG to improve taste was acceptable to the indifference type (cluster 1). On the contrary, active health action type did not prefer MSG, wanted natural seasonings despite high prices, and preferred to dine at restaurants that serve MSG-free foods. Based on this study, restaurant companies should segment their customers on the basis of MSG usage and establish their positioning strategies according to their concepts.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.324-333
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• 2010

Off-flavor in foods and in raw materials is quite concerning, as it could signify deeper-rooted problems. Methods of reduction of "off-flavors" in traditional food such as Cheonggukjan and Kimchi, and in raw materials of soybean paste were studied by means of a literature review. It was found that the major components of "off-flavor" were due to butyric acid, valeric acid, alkylpyrazines, ammonia, and sulfides for Cheonggukjang, and for Kimchi were sulfur containing components such as methyl allylsulfide, dimethyl disulfide, diallyl disulfide, methyl allyl trisulfide, methyl 2-propenyldisulfide, dipropenyldisulfide. There is a demand for a scientific and systematic approach in overcoming the "off-flavor" problem. Nutritional aspects and safety should be considered. Several methods have been attempted, such as masking, binding, improving cooking process, inhibiting rancidity, and controlling the growth of micro-organism. Methods of masking were the most frequently ones used for the reduction of "off-flavor", and in some cases, othertechniques were additionally applied. The masking method would be useful in the reduction of "off-flavor" in traditional Korean foods, i.e. Cheonggukjang, Kimchi, as well as in new product development.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.677-684
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• 2005

찹쌀, 찰율무, 찰보리, 차조, 찰기장, 차수수 등의 전분질 원료가 다른 잡곡으로 재래식 고추장을 제조 한 후 경과기간에 따른 이화학적 특성의 변화를 규명하기 위하여 120일간 자연 숙성시키면서 고추장의 품질변화를 측정하였다. 숙성기간에 따라 수분활성도, pH, 아미노태 질소, 색도, 관능검사(점도, 색, 냄새, 맛) 등을 조사하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 수분활성도의 경우 모두 담금 초기 $0.72{\sim}0.82$ 정도로 찰보리고추장이 가장 낮았고, 차수수고추장이 가장 높았으며, 숙성 120일까지 서서히 감소하여 $0.49{\sim}0.50$에 도달하였다. 2. 고추장의 pH는 담금 초기에 $4.94{\sim}5.02$였으며 숙성이 진행됨에 따라 감소하여 pH $4.32{\sim}4.37$으로 낮아졌다. 3. 고추장의 아미노태질소 함량은 담금 초기엔 $330.9{\sim}340.7\;mg%$로 비교적 높게 나타났으며, 숙성기간으로 보면 찹쌀고추장은 숙성 90일, 찰율무 고추장은 숙성 105일, 찰보리고추장과 찰기장 고추장은 숙성 75일, 차수수 고추장과 차조 고추장은 숙성 60일 후 $351{\sim}381\;mg%$의 최고치를 보였다. 4. 고추장의 색도는 숙성 중 lightness, redness 및 yellowness가 모두 감소하였는데 찰보리고추장이 다른 고추장에 비해서 가장 색도면에서 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다. 5. 관능건사 결과 점도에서만 찰보리고추장과 다른 고추장 사이에 유의차가 있었고, 색, 향기, 맛은 유의차가 없어 전체적으로 전분질 원료에 따른 품질의 차이는 없었으며 Hunter a값은 육안으로 판정한 주관적 평가의 순위와 높은 상관관계를 보였다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.217-226
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• 2004

이 연구는 한국 전통 양념을 이용한 발효 돼지고기의 품질 특성에 관한 것으로 돼지고기의 바깥 볼깃살을 채취하여 7${\times}$12${\times}$2cm 크기로 자른 후 육을 동일한 비율의 양념액에 침지하여 -1${\pm}$1$^{\circ}C$에서 20일간 숙성한 발효육[T1(마늘소스 돼지고기), T2(제육김치 돼지고기), T3(김치소스 돼지고기), T4(된장소스 돼지고기), T5(고추장소스 돼지고기)]의 품질 특성을 측정한 결과는 다음과 같다. T1은 수분이 가장 높은 반면 조단백질 함량이 가장 낮았으며, T5는 수분이 가장 낮은 반면 조단백질과 조지방 함량이 가장 높았다. 양념 페이스트와 발효육의 pH는 T1이 가장 높았으며, T3가 가당 낮게 나타났다. 보수력은 T4와 T5가 매우 높고, T3는 가장 낮았다. 전단력은 T5가 가장 높고, T4가 가장 낮게 나타났다. 지방산패도는 T3가 가장 높았으며, T4가 가장 낮았다. 휘발성염기태질소화합물은 T4가 가장 높았으며, T1이 가장 낮았다. 당도는 T5가 가장 높았으며, T3가 가장 낮았다. 염도는 T2가 가장 높았으며, T5가 가장 낮았다. 표면육색과 심부육색 모두 $L^*$값, $a^*$값, $b^*$값은 각각 T4, T2, T2가 가장 높았으며, $L^*$값은 T5가 가장 낮았다. 가열육의 관능평가 결과 전 항목 및 전체적인 기호도는 T5가 가장 높았으며, T4가 가장 낮았다. 불포화지방산 비율은 T5가 많고 T2는 적었다. 불포화지방산/포화지방산 비율은 T5, T4, T3, T1, T$, T3순이었다. 이상의 결과를 요약하여 볼 때, 소비자가 구입을 꺼려하는 뒷다리살을 한국 전통양념류를 이용하여 제품을 만들었을 때, 제품의 맛과 품질을 개선시켜 그 소비를 촉진 시킬 수 있을 것으로 사료되며 앞으로 포장방법과 유통기간 설정 등 이에 대한 더욱더 많은 연구가 이루어져야 하겠다.