• Journal of architectural history
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• v.10 no.3 s.27
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• pp.77-91
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• 2001

The study is the analysis on Oe-am village which is designated as a folk-preservation village in 1988 and is included in the fact of the dwelling change through Spot-Survey and Case-Investigation in the last decade from now(2001), The result shows the main change on the stand-up dining room installation, the place with the boiler and bathroom installation, the additional expansion through the combination of the small twice or third space, the using change, the prototype restoration. The reason of this change is shown the following. 1. There is the dual structure that the villager repairs that because the repairing operation is biased the prototype restoration since the government construction. 2. The internal change is come from more at thatched house than at tiled house and the order of the main element's change is Kitchen (35%), main room (30%), living room (24%) and other rest room (11%). 3. The change of the dining room in the internal composition material is the strongest and the change is included in the using change, the installation of the new sub-division in the spot and the expansion of the outside if necessary. The reason of the main change is life-style's. Therefore we can know the change of the dwelling structure and we are able to make a modern-life. Also, If the restoration or repair is necessary, the change element on that must be considered.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.12 no.4 s.36
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• pp.63-79
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• 2003

Considering the established research about the characteristics of traditional expression in a contemporary korean architecture, there are two critical problems. the one is that the extent of a case is limited to a public building and a large exhibition building. the other is that the angle of research focus on the viewpoint of specific a level. To settle these problems and supplement a established research, this study is to investigate and analyze the characteristics of popular traditional expression in small commercial buildings. In A viewpoint on the expansion of a case and a various angle, A small commercial buildings is selected as a case. because it is felt that the populace's taste vis-a-vis traditional expression. To investigate and analyze, A main analytic criterion is follows. 1) A expressional method on traditional architectural form 2) A expressional aspect by architectural element 3) A expressional aspect in architectural material 4) A expressional aspect in architectural structure. In consequence we can find out the following results in the process of analysis. 1) In expressional method on traditional architectural form, the traditional expression is represented as the imitation and transformation of a traditional folk house forms, and the embodiment of traditional image 2) In expressional aspect by architectural element, the traditional expression elements is mainly represented at a straw roof and a mud-plastered wall 3) the traditional expression material is mainly straw, timber, small wood boards and mud 4) In expressional aspect in architectural structure, the traditional expression is represented from the viewpoint of decorative expression.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.67-76
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• 2003

This study is to analyze the system of the architectural order on Seomi 2-dong village in An-Dong. The scope of this study concentrated on the 12 traditional houses situated on this area. The focus of this study is mainly to investigate the transition of this village, the arragement of houses related in geographical features of it, and the characteristics of the site and ground plans on these houses. As results of it, there are mostly Yeo-Kan houses(six spans sized) on Seomi 2-dong village in An-Dong and every house on this domain is in harmony with the systematic order of it.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.83-107
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• 2001

"Aheuichaulyo御醫撮要" was known to be published by Choi Jong-jun崔宗峻 in Korea高麗 Dynasty(A.D.1226), however its original copy is not available at the present. It was thought that Korean folk medicine and the remedies were recorded in this book, and these were recorded in "Euibangyoochui醫方類聚" published in Chosun朝鮮 dynasty(1445). "Euibangyoochui" is called a treasure-house of the knowledge of traditional oriental medicine which contains over 50,000 prescriptions and enormous amount of medical information. The restoration of "Aheuichaulyo" was possible during the process of establishment of data base work of "Euibangyoochui". "Aheuichaulyo" was restored as 132 chapters mainly from the related con tents of "Euibangyoochui" and partially from the contents of "Hyangyakjipsungbang鄕藥集成方" and "Boonmoononyukyihaebang分門瘟疫易解方" for the supplement.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.143-162
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• 1998

This is a study for the construction of nursing care based upon the Korean attitude toward medicine. Factors which were investigated include the source of nursing care, the reason for choosing care, the type of heath care chosen, the accessability of caregivers, and the desired location of death. The population examined in this study consisted of 517 adults distributed in six large cities and 191 adults from five rural communities. Data was analyzed using frequency, percent, Cronbach alpha, $X^2$ - test, t - test, F - test and scheffe post hoc contrast with an SAS program. The results of this study are summarized as follows: 1. Among sources of nursing care used, first rank rated-pharmacy(54.4), private hospital(18.2), general hospital(8.4), folk remedies in house (5.0), chinese hospital(2.8), prayer(2.8) and others(8.4), and the reasons for choosing nursing care rated 'the easiest method' (63.6), 'the best method'(15.7), 'reliable'(10.8) and 'lower cost burden'(4.6) in order of preference. 2. The type of nursing care chosen rated western medicine(6.80), chinese medicine(6.15), folk remedies(5.46), faith remedies(3.51) and divination remedies (1.41). There were significant differences in the effect recognition degree to various kinds of medicine. 3. The difference of the type of nursing care chosen according to general characteristics showed that urban residents were higher than rural community residents(t=2.15, p=0.0320) in western medicine, and urban residents, women, and singles were higher than rural community residents(t=2.04, p=0.0414), men (t= -2.89, p=0.0039), and married(t=2.50, p= 0.0126) on folk remedies. With repect to age and education those 21-30, under 20 and 31-40, graduated from college and graduate school were higher than above 51, above 61 (F = 7.76, p = 0.0001), graduated from elementary school(F=4.39, p=0.0006) on folk remedies. In other categories, rural community residents, women, younger people. Christians were higher than urban residents ( t = -2.73, p=0.0305), men(t= -4.15, p=0.0001), older people (F=2.48, p=0.0307), Catholic, Buddhist, or atheist (F= 70.18, p=0.0001) on faith remedies. Those graduated from high school and Buddhist were higher than unschooled, graduated from middle school(F=3.18, p= 0.0075), atheist, Catholic or Christian(F=18.32, p=0.0001) on divination redemies. There were significant differences concerning age and education level. 4. The accessibility of caregivers rated 'caregivers should be nearby if the patients need them' (50.0), 'caregivers must be there all day (24 hours)' (39.6), 'caregivers must be there at night only'(5.0), 'caregivers must be there during the day only'(2.6), 'caregivers always should visit during visiting hours' 0.4), 'caregivers don't need to be there at all' (1.2). The frist rank of suitable caregivers were rated as spouse(66.6), mother(24.2), daughter (3.6), daughter-in-law(1.9), and the reasons of thinking thus were rated as 'the most comfortable' (81.5), 'people should correctly with regards to family they'(7.1), 'the easiest' (5.4), 'take good care of the patient' (5.1) and 'lower cost burden' (0.4). 5. The desired location of death rated as the following: his/her house (91. 6) to the hospital(8. 4). A person going to encounter death in the hospital wanted his house(78.5) over the hospital(21.5), and a person dieing in the hospital prefered his house(52.9) over the hospital(47.1) as a funeral ceremony place. The following suggestions are made based on the above results. 1. A sampling method that enhances the re presentativeness should be used in regional and/or national related research and replicated to confirm the result of this study. 2. This study should be used to understand the Korean view of medical centers and to meet the expectations of patients in Korean nursing. 3. Research on the Korean traditional view of humans and expectations of the sick, health and illness, and health behavior, the perception of dying, the decision to heal, and the view of general medicine should continue to be conducted continuosly so that Korean nursing theory can be advanced on these concepts.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.101-109
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• 2003

Yangdong village is located at Kangdong-myun, Kyungju, Kyungsangbuk-do, Korea. There are two major families, the Sons of Wallsung beginned from Son, So(1433∼1484) and the Lees of Yeohkang the descendant of Lee, Unjeok. They are lived together under check and help for 500 years. The village located on the hill of Ankang plain. There are Homyung mountain and Sonaiu peak in front of it and Solchang mountain on the back. 47 shaped ridges form Blue dragon to the east, and White tiger to the west. Ahnrockchon flows from north Joined Hyungsan river and flows into Youngilman. Therefore the village is located at mountain on it's back and along with stream. Buildings are deployed on the valley between hills, it is not easily detected, but it give it's atmosphere of mountain village. Village location and space composition combined with natural environment, folk belief, feng-shui, and social system of confucianism. Blended buildings affected between ruling and ruled classes or among different families shown environmental design accomplishing united cultural space. The prospect of Yangdong village, a mountain village, expressed two sides of visible scenery of open inside and invisible from outside. Observation point such as head family house, pavilion, and village school are deployed at the point taking bird's-eye view, which striving mental stability.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.4 no.1 s.4
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• pp.1-25
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• 1998

$\ulcorner$Aheuichaulyo御醫撮要$\lrcorner$ was known to be published by Choi Jong-jun崔宗峻 in Korea高麗 Dynasty(A.D.1226), however its original copy is not available at the present. It was thought that Korean folk medicine and the remedies were recorded in this book, and these were recorded in $\ulcorner$Euibangyoochui醫方類聚$\lrcorner$ published in Chosun 朝鮮 dynasty(1445). $\ulcorner$Euibangyoochui$\lrcorner$ is called a treasure-house of the knowledge of traditional oriental medicine which contains over 50,000 prescriptions and enormous amount of medical information. The restoration of $\ulcorner$Aheuichaulyo$\lrcorner$was possible during the process of establishment of data base work of $\ulcorner$Euibangyoochui$\lrcorner$. $\ulcorner$Aheuichaulyo$\lrcorner$ was restored as 131 chapters mainly from the related contents of $\ulcorner$Euibangyoochui$\lrcorner$ and partially from the contents of $\ulcorner$Hyangyakjipsungbang鄕藥集成方$\lrcorner$ and $\ulcorner$Boonmoononyukyihaebang分門瘟易解方$\lrcorner$ for the supplement.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.3-15
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• 1994

The purpose of this study is to investigate the origin of traditional folkhouses of Japan in connection with those of Korea. Japanese folkhouses have received much influence from the Korean Peninsular, mainland China, northern Asia and Southeast Asia. The writer believes that the main stream of folkhouse culture origineted in the Korean Peninsular and flowed into the Japanese Islands. There ara many striking similarities in the folkhouses of Korea and Japan. Firstly, double-row room houses are distributed in the northeastern part of the Korean Penininsular and all parts of the Japanese Islands, and they are classified into the five-room type and four-room type. These types are very similar in both nations in the aspects of and floorplan and distributing patterns. Because floorplan may be used as an indicator of culture regions and cultural diffusion both, nations are believed to be closely related in the interchange of cultures in ancient times. Secondly, stables are allocated to the main house, and they are called "magu" in common "Magu" means horse stable, but there are no horses in it. In ancient times, however, many horses were kept in "magu" in both countries. Thirdly, there are much similarities in the function and structure of the folkhouses of both countries. The characteristics of folkhouses of Japan could be explained as the result of cultural diffusion from the Korean Peninsular.on from the Korean Peninsular.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.100-121
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• 2009

This study is subjected to those gardens of the Korean Folk Village 'Oeam-Ri' designed in 1920s. - transitional period of traditional gardens - and define socio-cultural change's influences and through documents on garden design, descendant's testimony and measured drawings, to understand that period's garden culture's characteristics according to garden design elements. This study applied following analysis methods and procedures to derive out characteristics of transitional garden culture. Analysis on socio-cultural characteristics in 1920s. Analysis on actual condition of transitional garden's design. In this point Outline of the Garden, Space formation, Garden designing elements are (1) water landscape, (2) plant, (3) structures, (4) paving, to derive out characteristics of the transitional garden. The results follow as below; First, during the transitional period 1920s, the economical development, fueled by opening nation's door to foreign countries and indication of collapse of statue systems together with idea of practical science and Enlightenment Thought, was element of changes in garden style. Second, Garden Designers of transitional gardens in 'Oeam-Ri' were limited to upper class of the society. They were wealthy enough to maintain their high social statue in rapidly changing society. As results, tendency of returning to nature developed gardens located in a site of scenic beauty and development of geographical features arranging techniques, and also showed copying foreign styles. Third, arrangement of garden and space composition, in most cases, composed of buildings and yards. Changes in water landscape features and garden spaces are centered to main-yard. Major changes of the garden spaces are water landscapes and plants that showing foreign influences. Fifth, scenic appearance techniques appears with dense garden space and emphasizing visual scenic view. Sixth, the characteristics of transitional garden design techniques are development of geographical feature arranging techniques, changes and mixture of the materials and garden types, emphasizing garden's decorative beauty, change of concept of yard within house into garden, changes from 'borrowing of landscapes' to 'selecting landscapes', changes of front garden from emptiness to fullness, changes of attitudes of enjoying gardens from 'staying calm in the garden' to 'moving or walking in the garden', changes to inner-oriented view, and changes from 'just watching and enjoying the nature' to 'enjoying specific objects'. This study is one of the efforts to restore the identity of Korean Traditional Garden by approaching and observing modern era which function as bridge between tradition and present day, and we observed transitional aspects of changes of traditional garden into modern garden. Hereafter, more studies will be needed to Modern Garden Design be recognized as part of Korean Garden Design History and these would be author's next assignment.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.1-11
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• 2011

Located in Namwon-si, Jeonlla Bukdo, Gwanghallu Garden is created around Gwanghallu, which was a government office in the period of Joseon Dynasty and shows its looks as a government office building of the times. However, Gwanghallu Garden is recognized rather as a background site of Chunhyangjeon, representing a local culture, than the features and picture as a government office garden in the period of Joseon Dynasty because Gwanghallu appeared as the background of Chunhyangjeon in its Chinese character script and, after 1930s, Chunhyang Sadang was built up and Chunhyang Festival held, and it's recognized rather as a site for arousing national consciousness and cherishing Chunhyang for its integrity in the Japanese ruling era of Korea than as a government office building in the period of Joseon Dynasty. With it being more recognized as the background of Chunhyangjeon than an ancient government office building, Gwanghallu has been managed as a private house garden or event place of folk festival as the background of Chunhyangjeon than preserved and managed as ancient government office building, and now the looks and features as a garden of government office are hardly seen because of indiscriminate trees and making of structure and spaces. Therefore, to preserve and maintain Gwanghallu Garden as the garden of government office in the period of Joseon Dynasty, it's required to survey the trees, structure and spaces created in Gwanghallu Garden and compare the true condition with its original looks by studying its literature and it's suggested that the garden area created around Gwanghallu should be repaired and managed by separation from as the background of Chunhyangjeon. Such means of management may keep the looks of Gwanghallu as the ancient office garden while Chunhyangjeon can also settle down as a local culture in the background.