• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.134-142
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• 2010

A comparative study on the trade-off between the drive current and the total gate capacitance in double-gate (DG) and triple-gate (TG) FinFETs is performed by using 3-D device simulation. As the first result, we found that the optimum ratio of the hardmask oxide thickness ($T_{mask}$) to the sidewall oxide thickness ($T_{ox}$) is $T_{mask}/T_{ox}$=10/2 nm for the minimum logic delay ($\tau$) while $T_{mask}/T_{ox}$=5/1~2 nm for the maximum intrinsic gate capacitance coupling ratio (ICR) with the fixed channel length ($L_G$) and the fin width ($W_{fin}$) under the short channel effect criterion. It means that the TG FinFET is not under the optimal condition in terms of the circuit performance. Second, under optimized $T_{mask}/T_{ox}$, the propagation delay ($\tau$) decreases with the increasing fin height $H_{fin}$. It means that the FinFET-based logic circuit operation goes into the drive current-dominant regime rather than the input gate load capacitance-dominant regime as $H_{fin}$ increases. In the end, the sensitivity of $\Delta\tau/{\Delta}H_{fin}$ or ${{\Delta}I_{ON}}'/{\Delta}H_{fin}$ decreases as $L_G/W_{fin}$ is scaled-down. However, $W_{fin}$ should be carefully designed especially in circuits that are strongly influenced by the self-capacitance or a physical layout because the scaling of $W_{fin}$ is followed by the increase of the self-capacitance portion in the total load capacitance.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.55-76
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• 2013

This study aims to analyze the main features of Mongolian arbitration system compared with Korean Arbitration Law which was revised under the UNCITRAL Arbitration Model Law. On the basis of this comparative study, certain differences are suggested: First, the environment of Mongolian arbitration is still insufficient in terms of its operation and usage at the international level. Second, the Mongol National Arbitration Court has established Ad-hoc Arbitration Rules and has promoted Ad-hoc Arbitration although it is an institutional arbitration organization. Third, the arbitration objects are defined as the types of tangible and intangible assets in Mongolia which are different from those of the Korean Arbitration Law. Accordingly, court and officer disputes, family disputes, labor-management relations, and criminal matters are covered by the arbitration objects. Fourth, Mongol Arbitration Law specifies the following persons disqualified for arbitrator appointment: the member of the Constitutional Court, judge, procurator, inquiry officer, investigator, court decision enforcement officer, attorney, or notary who has previously rendered legal service to any party of the disputes, and any officials who are prohibited by laws to be engaged in positions above the scope of their duties. Fifth, the arbitrator selection and appointment criteria should be documented, and the arbitrator should have the ability to resolve the disputes independently and fairly and achieve concord from both parties. Sixth, if there is no agreement between the parties, the arbitration language should be Mongolian, and the arbitral tribunal has no power to decide on it. Seventh, despite the agreement for a documentary hearing between the parties, there should be provided opportunities for an oral hearing if either of the parties requires it. Eighth, if the parties do not understand the language of the arbitration, the parties can directly ask the translation service. They should also keep secrets in the process of arbitration. Ninth, the cancellation of arbitral award is allowed by the application of the parties, not by the authority of the court. Except for the nine differences above, the Mongolian arbitration system is similar to that of the Korean Arbitration Law. This paper serves to contribute to the furtherance in trade relationship between Mongolia and Korea after the rapid and efficient resolution of disputes.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.161-167
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• 2017

본 연구는 3개의 투입변수와 3개의 산출변수로 구성된 DEA법을 이용하여 우리나라 항만의 노무효율성을 측정 평가하였다. 대상항만의 전체 기술적 효율성은 평균 94.18% 수준이었으며, 순수 기술적 효율성은 100%로 나타났고 규모의 효율성은 94.18%로 전체 기술적 비효율성이 가장 높게 나타났다. 분석결과 7개의 항만은 효율적인 항만으로 측정되었고 4개의 항만은 비효율적 항만으로 측정되었다. 4개의 비효율적 항만중 규모에 대한 수익체증은 동해항으로 나타났다. 그러나 비효율적인 항만들은 생산규모의 비효율성보다 자원운영의 비효율성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 한편 초효율법을 이용하여 효율적인 항만의 우선순위를 분석한 결과 인천항, 목포항, 평택당진항, 마산항, 여수광양항, 제주항, 군산대산항 순으로 효율성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 특히 비효율적인 부산항은 목포항 및 인천항을 벤치마킹하여 항만 물동량의 증대, 장비의 현대화 및 노무효율성의 향상을 위해 전면적인 노무상용화가 필요하다.

• STI Policy Review
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.46-62
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• 2012

This study investigates the effects of the two most important indicators of a nation's state of scientific infrastructure: R&D investment and the number of R&D researchers engaged in high-tech product export competitiveness for a panel of 11 countries/economies from East Asia from 1994 to 2010. A GMM panel estimation method was employed to account for the dynamic effect of trade and to control for un-observed country specific effects that may arise due to an inter-country differences and intra-country dynamics. Accordingly, the empirical results reveal that (once controlled for the influence of per capita income) physical capital and infrastructure, a 1% increase in a country's expenditure on the ratio of R&D to GDP may increase high-tech product export performance by approximately $397 million per year. Other factors constant, a 1% increase in the number of R&D researchers is expected to increase the ability to export high-tech products by approximately $67 million. The East Asian development experience demonstrates how latecomers can follow systematic industrialization and join the handful of economies that have come a long way toward closing the knowledge gap with the global technological leaders. However, this does not mean that the policy approaches and overall commitments pursued by each East Asian economy in relation to R&D investment and acquisition of an adequate pool of researchers, and their ultimate achievements in high-tech product export competitiveness were uniform. As a result, there is still a significant variation among countries/economies in terms of performance. This study recommended a number of potential tools and policy instruments that may assist policy makers to foster R&D as an engine to enhance the high-tech product export competitiveness.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.100-113
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• 2018

From the late 17th to the early 18th century, Europeans were strongly intrigued by products from the East. Therefore, several countries like England, France, and Netherlands formed the 'East India Company' to pursue trade. First, European markets rapidly responded to this desire for exoticism by importing goods; then, they produced imitation Oriental goods. Finally, they made stylistically advanced exotic merchandise from the perspectives of European. In terms of the textile industry, this trend was expressed in the pattern design of silk, or the so called 'bizarre silk.' In this paper, bizarre silk patterns were scrutinized based on a digital archive of museums, catalogues of museums, portal sites, and the literature. The bizarre silk patterns were analyzed then classified into six categories: pseudo-Oriental plant pattern, pattern mingled with architectural motifs, pattern of juxtaposed with Oriental goods, abstract pattern, exuberant pattern with metal threads, and semi-naturalistic pattern. These patterns were characterized according to the following features: strangely large exotic floral patterns were undulating and asymmetrical; exotic foliage and flowers were sometimes mixed with architectural motifs or Oriental goods to easily show the Oriental influence; motifs of bizarre silk patterns were abstractly stylized; bizarre silk patterns became luxurious once more like the Baroque period; finally, floral patterns became more natural, and still exotic motifs remained in the background to maintain the bizarre silk features. These bizarre silk patterns evolved from the viewpoints of Europeans through acceptance stage, compound stage, and confluent stage.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.53-68
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• 2016

Financial preparation for retirement means making financial plans by predicting expected incomes and expenditures needed for maintaining success in later life. Because this preparation needs long-term planning, preparing as early as possible is recommended. This study, therefore, uses theory of planned behavior for examining the intention of financial preparation for retirement of consumers in their 20s and 30s. By using financial education and its understanding as additional variables, this study also intends to examine the ultimate effects on the intention. The following is a summary of the main results and suggestions. First, the level of consumer financial education is lower than the average. The level of understanding finance is lower than the average, and particularly, the level of understanding retirement related finance is much lower. Second, the more the attitude of financial preparation for retirement is positive, and the higher the level of subjective norm or perceived behavioral control is, the level of the intention of financial preparation for retirement tends to be more higher. Therefore, relevant efforts to encourage this preparation are needed. Third, the level of the intention of financial preparation for retirement is higher than the average, whereas financial education has no effects on the intention. This means that despite the importance of the financial education, its current implementation has many problems. The suggestions of this study are as follows. First of all, this study can provide preliminary data for developing retirement planning programs. In addition, in terms of the policy, given that this study targets relatively young consumers in their 20s and 30s, it can provide preliminary data for making policies for their future retirements.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권8호
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• pp.1003-1013
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• 2015

The Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy is now placing emphasis on the importance of a new and renewable energy resource map service as an essential means of promoting the dissemination and adoption of renewable energy and other related industrial activities. To raise satisfaction with the new and renewable energy resource map service and promote its utilization, a survey was conducted on a sample group with an academic research background, i.e. employees of the Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER) who have a thorough understanding of the technological concepts behind the new and renewable energy resource map. Statistical analysis of the survey results showed a high level of overall satisfaction with the web service for the new and renewable energy resource map. Therefore, it was concluded that the development of practical contents rather than the enhancement of web service convenience is required. A statistically significant trend was also observed whereby, the longer the professional career of the survey respondents, the greater their perception and utilization of, and satisfaction with, the enhanced service, which indicates that their level of understanding and utilization of technological concepts corresponds to their research experience record. In addition, the results obtained from the questionnaires regarding the evaluation of the utilization value of the resource map service indicated that use of the service was equally high in terms of political, business and academic applications. The results confirmed the need to develop multidimensional resource map contents that can be applied to as many fields as possible, rather than focusing on a specific terrain.

• 정보처리학회논문지A
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• 제13A권2호
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• pp.171-176
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• 2006

이 논문에서 우리는 FPGA에서의 고속 푸리에 변환(FFT)을 함에 있어 에너지를 효율적으로 사용하는 디자인을 제안하고자 한다. FPGA에서의 FFT 구조들은 에너지 손실을 최소화 하기 위해서 설계되어왔다. 가로와 세로의 병렬성 정도와 같은 구조적인 성능 지표들을 정의 했으며, 설계 영역은 설계 디자인들의 조합을 통해서 생성했다. 우리는 에너지를 효율적으로 사용하는 디자인들을 얻기 위해 상위 계층 동작 예측을 사용하여 디자인의 고려사항들을 결정하였다. 우리는 다앙한 예측을 위해서 한 무리의 병렬성, radix, 저장 형태의 선택등을 갖는 성능 지표화된 디자인의 집합을 Xilinx Virtex-2 상에서 구현하였다. 우리의 디자인들은 Xilinx 라이브러리에 있는 최적화된 디자인들보다 에너지 손실이 57%에서 78%정도 감소했다. 에너지-영역-시간(EAT)과 같은 이해하기 쉬운 지표를 이용한 결과, 우리의 디자인들이 Xilinx의 디자인보다 3-13 배의 성능 개선 효과를 나타냈다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.91-99
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• 2018

Objectives: From a policy perspective, the introduction of confidential information reviews is a vital task for expanding workers' right to know and improving hazardous materials information communication. In this study, rational methods for introducing and administering confidential information reviews were examined as a part of advancing chemical information communication. Methods: The domestic status, social demands, and control cases from other countries about confidential information in material safety data sheets(MSDSs) were all examined. Additionally, principles for introducing MSDS confidential information review, what needs to be revised prior to its introduction, and procedures and manners of reviewing confidential information were suggested. Results and Conclusions: When composition information on MSDS needs to be protected in the EU and Canada, confidential information should be claimed and then approved by competent authorities with a principle of reviewing confidential information prior to rescinding information from MSDS. Applying the same principle, certain information on an MSDS that needs to be protected should be reviewed and approved in Korea. As a result, the MSDS is communicated with approval numbers replacing composition information. MSDS confidential information review has five steps, including deciding whether chemicals claimed to be confidential are excluded from applying for a confidentiality exemption, the names and concentration ranges of ingredients are adequate, and the claimed information is valid in terms of confidentiality.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.1-24
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• 2007

빠른 경제성장과 교역량의 증가에 힘입어 중국은 이제 세계에서 가장 많은 컨테이너 물동량을 처리한 국가가 되었다. 그리고 컨테이너선의 대형화와 신속화 추세에 발맞추어 동북아 주요항만이 직면하는 환경도 상당히 빠르게 변하고 있다. 상해항은 육지로부터 약 30km 떨어진 대양산과 소양산을 개발하여 2005년 말에 제1기 터미널을 그리고 2006년에 제2기 터미널을 개장하였다. 그리고 2012년까지 전체 29선석을 조성하여 1,500만 TEU를 처리할 예정으로 있다. 컨테이너 처리물량에서 부산항을 추월한 상해항은 2,006년도 연간 물동량을 약 2,170만 TEU를 처리하여 세계 제3위의 지위를 확고히 했으며, 향후 세계 제1위의 컨테이너 처리항만으로 부상할 것으로 보인다. 세계 제5위의 컨테이너 처리항만이고, 동북아 중심항만이 되고자 하는 부산항에 양산항의 개장 및 향후 개발 계획에 따른 주변 상황에 능동적으로 대처하기 위한 다양한 대응전략을 제시해 본다.