• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.185-205
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• 2023

As the tourism industry recovers post the COVID-19 pandemic, an increasing number of tourists are utilizing various platforms to leave reviews. However, amidst the vast amount of data, finding useful information remains challenging, often leading to time and cost inefficiencies in selecting travel destinations. Despite ongoing research, there are limitations due to the absence of ratings or the presence of different rating formats across platforms. Moreover, inconsistencies between ratings and the content of reviews pose challenges in developing recommendation models. To address these issues, this study utilized 7,104 reviews of tourist spots in Jeju Island to develop a specialized satisfaction index for Jeju tourist attractions and employed this index to construct a 'Rating Prediction Model.' To validate the model's performance, we predicted the ratings of 700 experimental data points using both the developed model and an LSTM approach. The proposed model demonstrated superior performance with a weighted accuracy of 73.87%, which is approximately 4.67% higher than that of the LSTM. The results of this study are expected to resolve the discrepancies between ratings and review contents, standardize ratings in reviews without ratings or in various formats, and provide reliable rating indicators applicable across all areas of travel in different domains.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.51-65
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• 2023

The Jeongmaeks are Korea's unique forest space recognition system that diverged from the Baekdudaegan. The Jeongmaeks are easily exposed to pressure because it is adjacent to the living area. Among them, Nakdong-Jeongmaek has high biodiversity, but damage is accelerating. According to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) in 2022, the target is to expand the area of terrestrial and marine protected areas to 30% of national territory by 2030. As of September 2023, the area of terrestrial protected areas in South Korea is only 16.97% of the country's territory. This is due in part to the high proportion of private forests in the region, which makes it difficult to establish protected areas. Therefore, there is a need to establish Other Effective Area-based Conservation Measure (OECMs), which pursue complex and effective conservation that considers multiple values, as an alternative to protected areas. This study aims to identify areas suitable for OECM and to provide opinions on the establishment of appropriate management plans for each value using SOM and InVEST Habitat Quality model. This study evaluated the habitat quality of 206 villages located within 1km of the Nakdong-Jeongmaek and compared the characteristics of villages classified by SOM. As a result, the habitat quality was 0.867 for Tourism village (ClusterIV), 0.838 for Conservation village (ClusterVI), 0.835 for Mixed village (ClusterI), 0.796 for Production (ClusterV), 0.731 for Rural village (ClusterIII) and 0.625 for Urban village (ClusterII). When the distribution was identified through statistical analysis, the Kruskal-Wallis test showed that the distributions were not identical, with a p-value of 1.53e-08. Dunn's test showed a difference between Tourism, Conservation and Rural, Urban village. However, Mixed village was overestimated due to the lack of villages and the small area included in the study area. Moreover, Conservation village was somewhat under-evaluated in the analysis due to the use of a single weight for protected areas. It is necessary to perform additional reinforcement of the value evaluation of Jeongmaeks by conducting Forest Resource Survey and the National Natural Environment Survey. Therefore, we believe that sufficient validity for the establishment of OECMs in the Nakdong-Jeongmaek can be provided by addressing these limitations and conducting additional research.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.11-18
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• 2023

This study aims to distinguish what can be used in consideration of the national situation with Korea for Chinese Scenic and Historic Interest Areas, and the results are as follows; First, the Chinese Scenic and Historic Interest Areas expanded to the existing scenic cruise culture, travel, and tourism culture in the process of the influx of Western culture in the modern and contemporary era, and became popular as a travel destination. Accordingly, the Chinese government developed the tourism industry around the scenic sites, and thanks to the development of transportation and communication, the Scenic and Historic Interest Areas has become an important national heritage. This influenced the establishment of the system related to Scenic and Historic Interest Areas, and today, it is operated around the Scenic and Historic Interest Areas ordinance. Second, the designation of the Scenic and Historic Interest Areas is divided into the size of the site according to the area, and the process of selecting the Scenic and Historic Interest Areas classification, rating evaluation, and comprehensive value evaluation according to evaluation indicators and rating standards is carried out. Accordingly, according to the results of the classification, it is subdivided from the national level to the Scenic and Historic Interest Areas at the local level. Third, the central government is in charge of managing and supervising Scenic and Historic Interest Areas across the country, and the local government's construction department is in charge of supervising Scenic and Historic Interest Areas in the region. The management organization of Scenic and Historic Interest Areas established by local governments above the county level has a system that actually protects, utilizes, and manages Scenic and Historic Interest Areas. In addition, 14 detailed indicators are used to monitor Scenic and Historic Interest Areas. Based on these results, considering the application of the domestic scenic site policy, the method of developing the policy that has established the system from the perspective of the utilization of the people is worth considering. On the other hand, the evaluation of the designation and management system through the setting of various indicators has limitations in that it is difficult to secure objectivity in impressing or evaluating the landscape. Therefore, rather than blindly introducing quantified evaluation, it seems that guidance and promotion on how to expand consensus on scenic values and enjoy heritage should be prioritized.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.22-33
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• 2020

Sign system is one of the most widely used guide media in scenic spots. It plays vital role in introducing cultural values of destinations to tourists with better visit experience. The purpose of this study is to derive the influence factors of the sign system of Mount Tai scenic area for tourists, analyze the satisfaction of tourists, and provide suggestions for the sign system of Mount Tai Mountaineering Road to improve tourists' satisfaction in the future. The evaluation items of Mount Tai Mountaineering Road sign system were derived from the previous studies and then subdivided comprehensively. Survey by questionnaires was carried out to obtain the influence factors. In order to understand the satisfaction degree of tourists, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation was implemented. The research results of this study are summarized as follows. First, four influence factors of the sign system on Mountaineering Road of Mount Tai were concluded as the interpretation content, appearance modeling, interpretation methods and layout management. Second, the order of weight values of influence factors was the interpretation content, appearance modeling, interpretation methods and layout management respectively from high to low, which means that tourists paid more attention to practicality and aesthetics. Third, the satisfaction degree of the tourists on the sign system was different. The satisfaction level for the three factors (interpretation content, appearance modeling, layout management) was good, while the satisfaction for interpretation method was medium. The reason was that it failed to deepen the understanding of tourists on the natural and cultural values of Mount Tai Mountaineering Road. These results indicate great significance to provide theoretical basis for the later readjustment and design of the sign system and to improve the overall satisfaction of tourists on tourism experience.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.298-309
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• 2018

This study examined the multi-functionality of an eco-pastoral system in alpine grassland and measured its economic value. The multi-functionality can be divided into three categories: direct-use value, indirect-use value, and heritage value. Direct-use value includes both extractive (forage and livestock production) and non-extractive (recreation and tourism) functions. Indirect-use value includes the functions of water conservation, soil erosion control, atmospheric control, landscape, livestock-manure management, and forest firebreaks. The heritage value includes the function of species diversity. The results showed that the annual value for 1 hectare of the eco-pastoral system in alpine grassland's direct use was estimated to be 21,090,874 Korean won; the indirect-use value was 15,562,203 won when the landscape in grassland system, and 16,018,224 won when the landscape comprised in silvopastoral system. The value of the species diversity in heritage terms ranged from 767,273 to 1,578,845 won, depending on whether it included any endangered species. The total value of multi-functionality of the eco-pastoral system in alpine grassland was estimated to be a minimum of 37,420,350 won/ha and a maximum of 38,687,942 won/ha. The results of this study can provide useful insights for the eco-pastoral system in alpine grassland policies in Republic of Korea.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.61-73
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• 2012

In this study, the information and communication technology ICT companies, 312 companies, in order to analyze the impact of the effect of satisfaction on the Exhibition and Convention on the impact of Information and Communication Technology Exhibition and Convention satisfaction effects analysis by information and communication technology Convention e-Portal affect the infrastructure system, exhibition and Convention, Convention Industry competitiveness, Convention, Convention Tour Program components to satisfy Convention effect empirically the effect on information and Communications Technology exhibition and Convention industry Convention and satisfaction effects on were analyzed. A result was able to find that information and communication technology goods and technology, tourism technology infrastructure technologies program, e-portal system, industrial competitiveness and technology Exhibition and Convention of Effects. Exhibition and Convention ensure the effect of the base material and environmental factors, these factors determine the product development laid the foundation. Product type defined, you can see that affecting economic ripple effects and satisfaction. Exhibition and Convention can achieve the effect of information and communication technologies to reduce your operating costs.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.4349-4356
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• 2015

This study examine operating system for eco-friendly container terminal and shows the usefulness of the Importance-performance analysis grid in evaluating container terminal operating technology. Importance-performance analysis enables management to evaluate and identify the major strengths and weaknesses of eco-friendly container terminal operating technology's key success factors. This study identified a list of 20 items from the eco-friendly container terminal literature reviews, and each item was rated using a 5-point Likert scale. Responses were obtained from 250 questionnaires. The importance-performance grid shows that 13 items fall into the "Keep up the good work" quadrant, 2 items fall into the "Concentrate here" quadrant, 2 items fall into the "Low priority" quadrant, and 3 items fall into the "Possible overkill" quadrant. The findings suggest that an eco-friendly container terminal operating technology is necessary to enhance eco-friendly operating system. The results are useful in identifying areas for strategic focus to help container terminal managers develop eco-friendly container terminal operating technology strategies.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.17-30
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• 2019

With the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, virtual reality, a technology that has recently attracted attention, is emerging as a core technology that will lead the future industry by changing the paradigm of various industries. The development of 3D rendering, computer graphics, and mobile technologies enabled the development of various smart devices and led to the popularization of virtual reality services using them. Recently, with the development of virtual reality-related technology, various devices and contents such as VR-related HMDs are being developed and released. However, since the classification for VR technology has not yet been established, it is difficult to define a range of industries and services to which VR can be applied. Therefore, in this study proposes a service classification system in terms of industries that can apply VR technology and services that can be provided based on the studies on industries and services of VR technology related to the Fourth Industrial Revolution. VR's industrial classification consists of eight industries including entertainment, media, education, medical care, architecture, manufacturing, distribution, tourism and each service is divided into two service categories and composed 16 services. Through the collection and analysis of virtual reality service cases, the service distribution and characteristics of each industry can be analyzed. In addition, we can develop a virtual reality new business model and present a service case for the intersecting areas. This study is expected to be used as a basic research for the activation of virtual reality services in the future.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.300-306
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• 2009

The goal of this research is to investigate the present situation for front of pack labeling in Korea and the perception of consumers for the new system of labeling, front of pack labeling, based on the consumer survey. We investigated the number of processed foods with front of pack labeling in one retailer in Youngin-si. And we also surveyed 1,019 participants nationwide whose ages were from 20 to 49; the knowledge of nutrition labeling, the knowledge of 'front of pack labeling', and the opinion about the labeling system. The data were analyzed using SAS statistics program. The results were as follows: 13.4% of processed foods had front of pack labeling, and 16.8% of the consumers always checked the nutrition labeling, while 32.7% of the consumers seldom checked it. In addition, 44.3% of the consumers think that 'front of pack labeling' is necessary, and 58.3% of the consumers think it is important to show the percentage of daily value as a way of 'front of pack labeling'. However, 32% of the consumer think the possibility of 'front of pack labeling' is slim. Meanwhile, 58.3% of the consumers think that it is important to have the color difference according to contents. The number of favorite nutrients in the front of pack was four or five. It seems that the recognition of current nutrition labeling has the influence on the willingness of using the future 'front of pack labeling'. Along with our study, the policy for 'front of pack labeling' has to be updated and improved constantly since 'front of pack labeling' helps consumer understand nutrition facts.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.370-380
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• 2013

The research is basically designed to reveal a revisiting behavior for Chung Nam Dae which is inherently characterized sightseeing site. Distributional lag model is tentatively employed to analyze economic factors such as entrance fee and a different level of income. Empirical findings investigate that the revisiting behavior that is associated with a long run effect is more closely connected to the level of national income, but not the level of incomes in Chung Cheong region and Chung Buk province as well. As far as revisiting intention concerns, the entrance fee tends to affect to it by a shorter distributional lag, but the level of income affects to it by way of a pretty much longer distributional lags. To this end, perceived value for Chung Nam Dae should be exposed in order to induce a re-visitor. Such a goal could be attainable by taking care of its system for entrance fee, expanding facilities, re-branding, service improvement, and developing useful programs. Also, setting up an inter-connected networking system with a sightseeing site around is highly recommended.