• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.128-129
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• 2001

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.141-151
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• 1979

To investigate the relationship between the effect of potassium basal and top dressing amount on rice plant under the limed condition, a pot experiment was conducted with Milyang 21, rice variety. Growing status, yield components and chemical component of rice, plant were determined and soils were analyzed along with the growing stages and obtained results are as follows. 1. Control treatment, without lime application shows a good vegetative growth as compared with lime treated one. However grain yield was higher in lime treated pot when potassium was applied as basal and top dressing. 2. There was no big difference between potassium applied and control treatment on growing status of nice plant until 20 days after transplanting. However in case of lime treated pot big difference were observed 20 days after transplanting resulting lower grain yield as compared with control treatment. This trend were severe in a lime treated treatment. 3. In control treatment, potassium basal dressing shows higher grain yield as increase the amount of basal dressing and the highest yield obtained in all basal potassium application treatment. However in case of lime treated pot when two-third of potassium were applied as basal dressing, potassium content of rice became lower at reproductive stage and resulted lower yield. When we applied all the potassium as a basal dressing, there were no differences as compared with control treatment in terms of grain yield. 4. The soil condition that affects potassium absorption disorder in rice plant such as unlimed condition, potassium application should be done as a basal dressing. However in limed condition that potassium absorption disorder occurs scarcely, and potassium content exists unsufficient amount in soil, large amount of potassium as basal dressing and the rest as top dressing are recommended. 5. The higher content of potassium in rice plant at the reproductive growing stage results heavier tillers as compared with lower one so that heavier tillers produce more grain yield. 6. At vigorous growing stage there was a positive correlation between electric conductivity of soil and amount of potasium absorbed by rice plant. This fact suggests that to obtain higher yield large amount of potassium top dressing at late of vegetative growing stage are necessary so that the content of potassium in rice plant will increase and results higher yield.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.266-273
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• 2007

In this study, discharge of the pollutants from the rice paddies during cultivation and its pattern were investigated. The pH in the returned and rainfall water from ten different paddies was between 6.9 and 7.4, which is not associated with the cultivation time and farming style of individual paddy. TN and TP concentrations were highest in the beginning of first top dressing (fertilization), which indicates that proper top dressing and returned water management is crucial to reduce their discharge loads. In particular, TN concentration was more or less constant until tillering stage. This is thought to be due to the runoff of soil-adsorbed nitrogen and compost. Average SS concentration in the returned and rainfall water was 28 mg/L, and organics was predominantly soluble form, and highest COD 25 mg/L during transplanting, lowest 11.3 mg/L and average 11.3 mg/L. Density of TC (total coliform bacteria) was from 1000/100 mL to 114,000/100 mL and FC (fecal coliform) was 5 to 16% of TC density.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.179-182
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• 1990

This experiment was carried out to determine the proper application time of nitrogen (N) and potassium ($K_2O$) as a additional fertilizer in corn cultivation at Taekwalyong alpine area.Two varieties of silage corn (cv. Suwon 19 and Kangwon local var.) were grown under different top dressing time (4-leaf, 7 leaf and 10-leaf stage) in 1989.Kangwon local variety produced more leaf area and higher dry matter yield than Suwon 19. However,there was no describle differences among application time of N and $K_2O$ fertilizer in both Suwon 19 and Kangwon local variety.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.698-703
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• 1996

To elucidate the proper nitrogen application method for machine transplanting of rice infant seedling in no-tilled paddy, Dongjinbyeo was used and nitrogen was applied five methods including conventional application method. Leaf color was darker at 80% of total nitrogen was applied as basal and lighter at 20% of total nitrogen was reduced than conventional application method in tillering stage, but wasn't significantly different after panicle formation stage among the application method. And it was thinner at tillering stage and was darker after panicle formation stage in no-tilled paddy compared with tilled paddy. Tiller number, LAI and top dry weight were more at 80% of total nitrogen was ap-plied as basal than conventional application method, and more in tilled paddy than no-tilled one at tillering stage, but at heading stage they were highest at top dressing applied 25 days after transplanting. C.G.R was highest at top dressing for tillering was delayed and it was lower in no-tilled paddy at tillering stage but was higher after panicle formation stage than in tilled one. Yield was highest at top dressing time was delayed among nitrogen application method, but wasn't significantly different between tilled method in same nitrogen application method.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.149-155
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• 2004

This study was conducted to evaluate the availability of liquid pig manure (LPM) as a substitute for chemical fertilizer (CF) in double cropping system of rice followed by onion. The LPM applied for rice in silty clay loam soil cultivated in the double cropping system with onion contained $3.8g\;N\;kg^{-1}$, $1.8g\;P_2O_5\;kg^{-1}$ and $2.7g\;K_2O\;kg^{-1}$. The LPM applied for onion after rice contained $4.9g\;N\;kg^{-1}$, $1.4g\;P_2O_5\;kg^{-1}$ and $2.1g\;K_2O\;kg^{-1}$. Soil pH increased after rice culture irrespective of treatments. The rice growth and grain yield among CF and LPM applications were not significantly different. The application of LPM without top dressing of CF delayed onion growth at mid and late stage. But when the LPM was applied as basal fertilizer and CF was added for top dressing, onion growth was maintained until late growth stage. The nutrient uptake of LPM and top-dressing by CF (rice)/LPM and top-dressing by CF (onion) were similar to CF (rice)/CF (onion). The highest yield of onion bulb was 58.5 Mg ha-1 at CF (rice)/LPM and top-dressing by CF (onion) treatment, but showed no significant difference with other treatments except CF (rice)/LPM only (onion) and no fertilization (rice)/no fertilization (onion) treatments. In conclusion, in double cropping system of rice followed by onion, rice was capable of being grown by only liquid pig manure but additive chemical fertilizer was needed for optimal onion growth.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.69 no.1
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• pp.25-33
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• 2024

This experiment was conducted at the affiliated farm of the Suncheon University from 2022 to 2023 to investigate the growth, yield, and quality characteristics of soybeans based on the treatment method of Methyl Sulfony Methane (MSM) for the establishment of stable production practices. In the initial investigation of growth characteristics in 2022, an increasing trend in characteristics such as plant height, stem thickness, and branching index was observed as the treatment concentration increased from 50% to 200%. Yield components also followed the same trend, with the basal fertilization + top dressing 3 times at 200% treatment showing the highest yield at 355 kg·10a^-1, with the highest number of pods. In the subsequent study to determine the optimal concentration exceeding 200% in 2023, growth characteristics showed a trend of 400% > 200% > 800%. The basal fertilization + top dressing 3 times at 400% treatment exhibited the longest plant height (106.7 cm) and the most branches (6). In terms of seed quality, this treatment also had the highest proportion (66.9%) of seeds with a diameter over 6.7 mm. Additionally, in yield components such as pods, seeds per pod, and 100-seed weight, the basal fertilization + top dressing 3 times at 400% treatment showed the highest values, resulting in a maximum yield of 374 kg·10a^-1, representing a 23.4% increase compared to the control. Therefore, for the optimal production of high-quality soybeans, it is recommended to apply the treatment of basal fertilization + top dressing 3 times at 400% concentration, with top dressing occurring at 30-day intervals before harvest.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.319-324
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• 2015

An estimation of the requirement of minerals based on growth stage and cropping pattern is very important for greenhouse zucchini. This study was performed at farmer's field which was applied with a fertigation system and a semi-forcing cultivation from Feb. to July in 2014, and nitrogen levels were set up with x0.5, x0.75, x1.0 and x1.5 of the NO3-N-based soil-testing recommendation for zucchini cultivation. Top dressing of nitrogen (basal : top = 4 : 6) and potassium (basal : top = 3 : 7) was applied with an interval of every two weeks from two and six weeks after transplanting, respectively, and phosphorus was totally supplied with basal dressing. The nitrogen uptake was the order of x1.0, x0.75, x1.5 and x0.5, phosphorus, x1.0, x0.75, x0.5 and x1.5, and potassium, x0.75, x1.0, x1.5 and x0.5. From these results, it was suggested that highest mineral uptake could be reached between x0.75 and x1.0 of the NO3-N-based soil-testing recommendation. In conclusion, nutrient management based on the growth stage was proven to be better method for favorable growth and yield of zucchini.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.731-737
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• 2015

This study was conducted to compare the meat qualities of loin (m. longissimus dorsi) and top round (m. semimembranosus) from Hanwoo and Holstein veal. Ten Hanwoo and Holstein calves were randomly selected from a local cattle farm and raised. They were slaughtered when they were 8 mon old and weighed. Weight and percentage in primal cuts and slaughter performance of Hanwoo and Holstein veal calves are obtained. Immediately after weighting, slices of loin and top round muscles were sampled. After vacuum packaging, the samples were subjected to proximate composition, physicochemical and microbiological analyses. Dressing weight and percentage were heavier and greater (p<0.05) in the Holstein than in the Hanwoo. Water contents of the top round muscle was higher in the Holstein than in the Hanwoo (p<0.05). Water-holding capacity, protein content and CIE L* (lightness) of both muscles were higher in the Holstein than in the Hanwoo veal, whereas fat content, pH, cooking loss, a* (redness), and b* (yellowness) were higher in the Hanwoo than in the Holstein veal (p<0.05). Thiobarbituric acid and volatile basic nitrogen values of both the muscles were lower in the Hanwoo than in the Holstein veal during the first 10 d of storage (p<0.05).

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.139-146
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• 2007

Field experiment was conducted to assess the influence of liquid compost supplemented with chemical fertilizer on the rice growth and yield in 2005. Treatments consisted of liquid compost supplemented with chemical fertilize.(LCSC), liquid manure(LM), chemical fertilizer(CF), LCSC 50% + 50%CF, LCSC 75% + 25%CF. The plant height and tiller's number in plots of 100% basal application plot by LCSC and LM plot were lower than that of chemical fertilizer. But in the plot of basal application by LCSC and top dressing by chemical fertilizer, the height and tilters of rice were significantly difference with LM application plot. And the leaf color the plots by LCSC and chemical fertilizer was darker than that of the LM application plot. In plots by LCSC treatment, number of panicles per hill was higher that of LM plot. As the plot of 100% basal application by LCSC was fertilized, the yield of rice was decreased compared with chemical fertilizer. But the rice yield of basal fertilization by LCSC and top-dressing by chemical fertilizer was 7% increased compared with LM plot. The application plots by LCSC + chemical fertilizer plot were maintained productivity of rice, the rice should be fertilized with the basal application of LCSC and top-dressing of chemical fertilizer. The quality of brown rice was best in LM and LCSC plot, whereas in chemical fertilizer plot, it was the worst by increased of protein content. The results indicates that the application of LCSC + chemical fertilizer improves quality of rice rather quantity.